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Larsen, Christian Albrekt (2002): Policy paradigms and cross-national policy (mis)learning from the Danish employment miracle. In: Journal of European Public Policy, Jg. 9, H. 5, S. 715-735. DOI:10.1080/13501760210162320

Abstract

"Denmark and the Netherlands are often cited as models of successful active labour market policies. This 'employment miracle' has been credited to the new active labour market policy which is seen as a possible model for other European countries. One could even say that 'activation policy' is seen as a 'third way' to overcome the difficult dilemma between equality and employment and has become a dominant policy fashion, spread by such agencies as the European Commission and the OECD. However, if we take a closer look at the evaluations of the actual effects of the activation policy, there is not much evidence to substantiate this interpretation. An alternative interpretation is that job miracles are much more a result of fortunate macro-economic conditions than successful supply side policy. Nevertheless, both national and international policy-makers seem entrapped in a policy paradigm of structural unemployment that intensifies and spreads questionable activation policies. In that respect 'activation policies' are an excellent case of the intensification of European policy transfer and the path-dependent 'bounded' rationality of policy-makers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Lindsay, Colin (2002): Long-term unemployment and the 'employability gap'. Priorities for renewing Britain's new deal. In: Journal of European industrial training, Jg. 26, H. 9, S. 411-419. DOI:10.1108/03090590210451506

Abstract

"This paper reviews recent reforms to the UK's main active labour market policy for the long-term unemployed aged over 25: the so-called New Deal 25 Plus. It discusses the appropriateness of the New Deal's approach to the activation of these long-term unemployed people, by drawing upon evidence from interviews with 115 job seekers in one urban labour market characterised by generally low unemployment rates. It is argued that these job seekers face a combination of personal and circumstantial barriers to work, best characterised as an 'employability gap'. It is acknowledged that following recent reforms to the New Deal 25 Plus, the programme is better equipped to address some aspects of the employability gap faced by many long-term unemployed people. However, it is argued that a stronger commitment to training within a 'real work' environment and a more flexible approach to the administration of some social security benefits is required if the long-term detachment from the labour market experienced by these job seekers is to be overcome." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Moffitt, Robert A. (2002): Welfare programs and labor supply. In: A. J. Auerbach & M. Feldstein (Hrsg.) (2002): Handbook of public economics : vol. 4, S. 2393-2430.

Abstract

"The labor supply and other work incentive effects of welfare programs have long been a central concern in economic research. Work has also been an increasing focus of policy reforms in the USA, culminating with a number of major policy changes in the 1990s whose intent was to increase employment and earnings levels of welfare recipients and other disadvantaged individuals. This chapter reviews the economic research on this topic, covering both the theoretical models that have been developed as well as the empirical findings from econometric studies of the effects of existing welfare programs on labor supply." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Oorschot, Wim van (2002): Miracle or nightmare? A critical review of Dutch active policies and their outcomes. In: Journal of social policy, Jg. 31, H. 3, S. 399-420.

Abstract

"This article describes trends in Dutch (un)employment from the 1980s onwards, it reviews activation measures that were taken in the field of social security and labour market policies, and it critically discusses the successfulness of these measures. It concludes that it may not be justified to attribute the 'Dutch miracle' - the recent decrease in unemployment and the explosive growth of employment - directly to the measures taken, and that activation policies have endangered social rights and citizenship, especially of those groups which traditionally are most vulnerable. The 'Dutch miracle' is further put into the perspective of a small employment growth in terms of the total of hours worked annually, the large proportion of part-time employment, and the large degree of hidden unemployment. If a future recession hits the Netherlands, the miracle will turn into a nightmare for many due to the significant overall loss of social protection." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Winterbotham, Mark, Lorna Adams & Alistair Kuechel (2002): Evaluation of new deal 25 plus. Qualitative interviews with es staff, providers, employers and clients. (Department for Work and Pensions. Report 127), London, 90 S.

Abstract

"This evaluation of the Re-engineered New Deal 25 plus involved discussions with ES staff, providers, employers and clients over three waves of research and across eight Units of Delivery. The report examines how the re-engineered programme is being implemented and how different stakeholders judge its effectiveness." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Abstract

"This report describes the results of Stage 2 of a major quantitative evaluation of New Deal in Northern Ireland which relates to the New Deal for 18 to 24 Year Olds." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Boll, Joachim Lynggaard & Thomas Qvortrup Christensen (2001): Ledige kontanthjælpsmodtagere på Vestegnen. (Forskningsgrupperne om arbejdsmarkedet. Arbejdspapir 6:2001), København.

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Bonjour, Dorothe, Richard Dorsett, Genevieve Knight, Stephen Lissenburgh, Arpita Mukherjee, Joan Payne, Martin Range, Peter Urwin & Michael White (2001): New deal for young people. National survey of participants. Stage 2. (Employment Service. Research and development report 67), Sheffield, 174 S.

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Dewson, Sara & Judith Eccles (2001): The new deal for young unemployed people. NCVO National Council for Voluntary Organisations 44 S.

Abstract

"Stellt die Entdeckungen einer Untersuchung über das neue Abkommen für junge arbeitslose Leute dar, beauftragt durch NCVO. Das Ziel der Studie war, die Erfahrungen der jungen Leute zu erforschen und festzustellen, welche die freiwillige Sektorwahl des neuen Abkommens für 18 bis 24 Jahr - olds eintragen. Es setzt auch fest, wie Durchgang der jungen Leute durch das Programm des neuen Abkommens ihre Haltung zum freiwilligen Sektor als Ganzes beeinflußt. Diese Wahl des neuen Abkommens scheint, Teilnehmer durch Rückstellung anstatt von informierter Wahl anzuziehen. Der Report folgert mit Empfehlungen für ganz beteiligtes mit seiner Anlieferung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Lakey, Jane & Genevieve Knight (2001): New deal for young people in Scotland. Phase 1. Report on a survey of participants commissioned by the Scottish Executive. Edinburgh, 99 S.

Abstract

"This report examines the experiences of Scottish young people who entered the New Deal programme between September 1998 and February 1999, and compares these with the experiences of similar New Deal entrants from England and Wales. The report is based on data from a national survey of New Deal entrants (653 from Scotland and 5357 from England and Wales), supplemented by a Scottish booster survey providing data on a further 494 Scottish New Deal entrants. Fewer than half of respondents had completed their time on New Deal when they were interviewed, so it is too early to look at outcomes from the programme. This analysis focuses on the characteristics of New Deal participants, their experiences on the programme, and their perceptions of the programme. The next stage of this study will incorporate data from second interviews with the same respondents, 15 months after New Deal entry. Analysis of outcomes will be the key feature of the second stage report, which will use econometric techniques to control for selection into various Options within New Deal." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Lind, Jens & Iver Hornemann Møller (2001): Arbejdsmarkedspolitikken og aktivering af arbejdsløse. In: Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv, Jg. 3, H. 1, S. 11-27.

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Lissenburg, Stephen (2001): New deal for the long term unemployed pilots. Quantitative evaluation using stage 2 survey. (Employment Service. Research and development report 81), Sheffield, 51 S.

Abstract

"This report is based on the second stage of a two-stage survey of the December 1998- February 1999 cohort of entrants to New Deal for the Long Term Unemployed (ND25+) Pilots and a matched comparison sample from outside Pilot areas, which took place just over 18 months after participants had entered the programme. The analyses on which it is based assess Pilot effects in relation to three main outcome measures - employment entry and unemployment exit, employability and job quality. The primary evaluation approach adopted is known as the method of matching. This technique makes use of the wide range of background information on respondents that was collected from the survey, supplemented by information from the Joint Unemployment and Vacancies Operating System (JUVOS) and the New Deal Evaluation Database (NDED), to enhance the matched comparison group design and increase the extent to which Pilot effects are estimated from comparisons of like with like. The use of JUVOS and NDED data also made it possible to track clients' progress in terms of employment entry and unemployment exit up to December 2000. This gave an evaluation period following programme entry of about two years, comprising the greater part of the calendar years 1999 and 2000." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Michalopoulos, Charles & Christine Schwartz (2001): What works best for whom. Impacts of 20 welfare-to-work programs by subgroup. New York, 181 S.

Abstract

"In 1996, Congress radically transformed the nation's cash assistance welfare program when it passed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA). The legislation replaced the 60-year-old Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) entitlement program with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), a funding mechanism that provides states with block grants and considerable flexibility in designing their welfare programs. In addition to making other changes, many states responded by expanding their employment and training programs or changing the focus of their existing programs. A number of states replaced voluntary welfare-to-work programs that emphasized education and training with mandatory programs that stressed quick employment. While many aspects of the 1996 legislation and the state policies that followed were untested, the use of mandatory welfare-to-work programs was not. During the ten years prior to PRWORA, large-scale rigorous studies of welfare-to-work programs were launched in many states and counties. This report investigates results from 20 of these programs to determine who has benefited from welfare-to-work programs (and who has not) and whether some practices appear more effective than others at increasing the employment and earnings of single-parent welfare recipients." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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O'Connor, William, Jane Ritchie & Kandy Woodfield (2001): Experiences of new deal. Qualitative profiles of young participants. (Employment Service. Research and development report 71), Sheffield, 126 S.

Abstract

"As part of the early evaluation of New Deal for Young People, a series of six qualitative studies was undertaken amongst programme participants. The studies were carried out over two years (May 1998 to February 2000) and involved both individual in depth interviews and group discussions with participants and with leavers. In the course of undertaking the work, 336 young people were interviewed, either individually or in groups. The samples for each of the individual studies were selected on a purposive basis such that all the key constituencies among the young participants were represented. The sample accumulated across the six studies provides sufficient numbers of important sub-groups of participants for dedicated, and generalisable, qualitative analysis to be undertaken. In view of such potential, the Employment Service commissioned a further study to examine the impact of the programme on specific groups of participants, using the accumulated sample. This report represents the outcome of that work. The evidence presented takes the form of a series of essays in which populations of particular concern to those monitoring NDYP become focal. There are chapters devoted to the young people who enter NDYP without any previous work experience (Chapter 2); to those who are highly qualified and skilled entrants (Chapter 3); and to participants from ethnic minority groups (Chapter 6). There are chapters on participants who have vulnerable circumstances on entry to the programme such as young offenders (Chapter 4) and the young homeless (Chapter 5). The participants who have experienced benefit sanctions, or adjudication decisions, are the focus of Chapter 7. Chapter 8 describes the pivotal role of good Option placements by exploring features of model Options. In the final chapter the contribution of NDYP to enhancing employability is reviewed through the views and experiences of programme leavers. " (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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O'Donnell, Kate (2001): New deal for young people. Survey of leavers to unknown destinations. (Employment Service. Research and development report 63), Sheffield, 73 S.

Abstract

"This survey was commissioned by the Employment Service (ES) to determine what happened to people leaving New Deal for Young People (NDYP) for whom ES had no administrative information on destination. A sample was drawn from participants leaving to unknown destinations between May and October 1999. Forty units of delivery, (UoDs) approximately one third, were chosen to represent the profile of the national population of leavers to unknown destinations. The sample was stratified to obtain robust samples from Gateway, each of the four Options and from Follow-through. Face-to-face interviews took place between June and August 2000. After the removal of unusable contacts from the sample a response rate of 51 per cent was achieved. Eight per cent of respondents considered that they had never taken part in New Deal and one per cent considered that they had never left the programme. Figures for initial destination on leaving New Deal are based only on those who considered that they had both taken part in New Deal and had since left. These are referred to as 'Participants'." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Abstract

"The report describes those results of Stage 1 of a major quantitative evaluation of New Deal in Northern Ireland which relate to the New Deal Pilot for 25+." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Abstract

"The report describes those results of Stage 1 of a major quantitative evaluation of New Deal in Northern Ireland which relate to the New Deal for 18-24 Year Olds." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Bennmarker, Helge & Anna Nilsson (2000): Kvinnoforums arbetsmarknadsprogram - fortsättningen. (Forskningsrapport 2000:12), Uppsala.

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Gilbert, Neil & Rebecca A. van Voorhis (Hrsg.) (2000): Activating the unemployed. A comparative appraisal of work-oriented policies. (International social security series 03), New Brunswick u.a.: Transactions Publ., 319 S.

Abstract

"The last decade has witnessed a conspicuous alteration in policies protecting unemployed people in modern welfare states. Social policies are increasingly designed to encourage economic independence. Policy makers have introduced a wide range of reforms linking disability, unemployment, and welfare programs cash benefits to work-oriented measures. Welfare policies are being framed by a new emphasis on recipients' obligations, emphasizing that the receipt of benefits creates a responsibility to take action towards becoming self-reliant. The objective is to minimize the duration of dependence or improve the well-being of family or community. Activating the Unemployed addresses this growing interest in work-oriented measures. This represents a shift in the dominant discourse on social welfare from focus on the citizen's rights to social benefits to emphasis on their responsibilities to work and lead an active life. In this volume, a distinguished array of international contributors provide cross-cultural perspectives to analyze recent diverse policy initiatives to activate the unemployed in nine countries - Britain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States. Each provides a systematic account of the background, design, implementation, and results of employment-oriented measures. Collectively they permit comparison of organized responses to common problems in the areas of public assistance (welfare), unemployment, and disability, among others. Further chapters seek to broaden perspectives on policy options, the issues raised, and lessons learned in the course of activating the unemployed. This thorough and insightful account addresses significant contemporary issues and concerns about welfare, social security, and unemployment. It will aid policy makers, professionals, and scholars in assessing current trends in welfare in various countries throughout the world." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Grootscholte, Miranda & Jaap Bouwmeester (2000): Effectiviteitsmeting Inzet Zuidoost. Uitkomsten nulmeting. Onderzoek uitgevoerd door Research voor Beleid in opdracht van de Stuurgroep Inzet Zuidoost. Leiden.

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Hasluck, Chris (2000): The new deal for young people, two years on. A review of the emerging evidence from the monitoring and evaluation of the new deal for young people. (Employment Service. Research and development report ESR 41), Sheffield: Employment Service, 89 S.

Abstract

"Draws together evidence and establishes current state of knowledge of New Deal for Young People aged 18-24 years. Provides an overview of all aspects of the monitoring and evaluation programme and seeks to identify the lessons relating to implementation, delivery and impact." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Judge, Ken (2000): Evaluating welfare to work in the United Kingdom. In: N. Gilbert & R. A. van Voorhis (Hrsg.) (2000): Activating the unemployed : a comparative appraisal of work-oriented policies (International social security series, 03), S. 1-28.

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Kvist, Jon (2000): Activating welfare states. Scandinavian experiences in the 1990s. Paper presented at the international conferences "What Future for Social Security? Cross-National and Multidisciplinary Perspectives", Stirling University, 15-17 June, 2000, and "The Welfare State and the Labour Market", Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg, Delmenhorst, 27-30 April, 2000. (Research programme on comparative welfare state research. Working paper 07/2000), 40 S.

Abstract

"This paper investigates how welfare states may actively contribute to promote employment opportunities, i.e. participation in the labour market through various operations and policies. The principal operations concern in particular the de-familiarisation of caring tasks through social services for children and the elderly, which in turn allows in particular women to (re-)enter the labour market, de-commodification of labour through easy accessible and relative generous cash benefits providing a more flexible labour market, and re-commodification of labour through conditioning of benefits and active labour market policies giving long-term unemployed and people with low skills better opportunities to participate in the labour market, whether the ordinary or in special activities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Abstract

"The working group's report on effect analyses of employability enhancement programmes (activation programmes) contains a series of analyses and conclusions regarding the effects of the active labour market policy.
The most important results of the report are presented in this chapter, including the following conclusions:
- The right and duty to participate in employability enhancement programmes has a motivating effect on an unemployed person's job seeking, and thus contributes to increasing the number of unemployed persons who find employment. This is also true of the period prior to commencement of the employability enhancement programme.
- Employability enhancement programmes generally upgrade qualifications, thus the completion of an employability enhancement programme improves the possibility of employment.
- Activation early in the unemployment period entails a risk of retaining the individual in employability enhancement programmes rather than regular employment. This is particularly valid for those groups of unemployed persons who are highly likely to find employment even without participating in an employability enhancement programme.
- The great financial resources, which are invested in active labour market policy, have improved public finances, both short term and long term, through a reduction of structural unemployment.
- One result of this employability enhancement strategy has been that the number of persons in the marginal group (of which the majority are unemployed persons who are members of an unemployment insurance fund or participate in an employability enhancement programme), has been halved since 1993." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Lissenburg, Stephen (2000): New deal for the long-term unemployment pilots. Baseline report. (Employment Service. Research and development report 59), Sheffield, 53 S.

Abstract

"The New Deal for the Long-Term Unemployed (ND25+) Pilots are one of the most original aspects of the government's welfare-to-work strategy. They were introduced in November 1998 as an extension of national New Deal provision for the long-term unemployed (introduced in June 1998), with the express intention to try out innovative approaches to helping people back to work. More specifically, their aim is to test the effectiveness of intervening after 12 months and 18 months of unemployment (the June measures apply only to those unemployed for two years) and to try a range of innovative approaches to enhancing the employability of people who have been out of work for a significant period so they can move back into the labour market. The Pilots were introduced in 28 areas of the country, after a process of competitive tendering to run the Pilots. The areas selected were constrained to cover the different regions and a range of different types of delivery unit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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O'Connor, William, Sara Bruce & Jane Ritchie (2000): New deal for young people. National follow through. Findings from a qualitative study amongst individuals. (Employment Service. Research and development report 47), Sheffield, 57 S.

Abstract

"New Deal for Young People (NDYP) has a central role in the government's Welfare To Work programme. Launched in twelve Pathfinder areas in January 1998, and extended nationally in April 1998, the programme aims to assist young people who have been unemployed for six months or more in finding sustainable employment. NDYP is managed and delivered by the Employment Service (ES). In order to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of NDYP, a major programme of research and statistical monitoring is being undertaken. ... In addition, a NDYP evaluation database has been established by the Employment Service which will provide statistical information about the participants' progress through, and beyond, the programme. One component of the evaluation consists of a programme of qualitative research amongst NDYP participants, which is being carried out by a research team from the National Centre for Social Research (formerly SCPR). This involves six studies that explore, in depth, the impact of New Deal for Young People on individuals as they progress through the three stages, or leave the programme." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Regnér, Håkan (2000): Ändrade förutsättningar för arbetsmarknadspolitiken? In: Fritzell, Johan (Hg.). Välfärdens förutsättningar. Arbetsmarknad, demografi och segregation. (Reports of the Government Commissions (SOU) 2000, 37), Stockholm.

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Ritchie, Jane (2000): New Deal for Young People. Participants' perspectives. In: Policy Studies, Jg. 21, H. 4, S. 301-312. DOI:10.1080/713691372

Abstract

"New Deal for Young People (NDYP) plays a central role in current welfare to work strategies. Launched in 12 Pathfinder areas in January 1998, and extended nationally in April 1998, the programme aims to assist young people who have been unemployed for 6 months or more in finding sustainable employment. This article examines some key features of NDYP from the perspectives of participants. It first considers the considerable diversity of young unemployed people who enter the programme and their very differing needs. It then examines the patterns of departure into employment from the programme and explores whether some routes appear more durable than others. Finally, some discussion is devoted to the variety of ways in which 'employability' can be strengthened during NDYP and to the qualities of the programme that most enhance them. The analysis is based on accumulated evidence from a series of qualitative studies carried out as part of the main evaluation programme." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Salonen, Tapio (2000): Outsiders and activation in Swedish labour market policy. Paper presented at European research seminar 'The activating welfare states. New ways of fighting poverty and social exclusion in Europe', Lund University October 27-28, 2000.

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Thomson, Margit Helle (2000): Den kommunale aktivering i helsingör - en analyse af maal, midler og perspectiver. Taastrup.

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Woodfield, Kandy, Sara Bruce & Jane Ritchie (2000): New deal for young people. The national options. Findings from a qualitative study amongst individuals. (Employment Service. Research and development report 37), Sheffield, 86 S.

Abstract

"A qualitative study of young peoples' views and experiences of New Deal for Young People aged 18-24 years, options in national areas. Based on qualitative interviews and group discussions with young people, covering both ongoing participants and leavers from the programme." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Anderton, Bob, Rebecca Riley & Garry Young (1999): The new deal for young people. First year analysis of the implications for the macroeconomy. (Employment Service. Research and development report 33), Sheffield: Empoyment Service, 38 S.

Abstract

"This report summarises results from the macro evaluation of the New Deal for Young People (NDYP) in the first year after its national roll-out. It incorporates the results of both the DfEE internal analysis and the evaluation undertaken by the National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR). The purpose of the macro evaluation is to assess the overall impact of the NDYP on youth unemployment and employment, on unemployment of other groups in the labour market, and on the wider economy. The programme has had a positive effect on the numbers of young people leaving the claimant count and is estimated to have reduced youth unemployment in Great Britain by approximately 30 thousand relative to what it would otherwise have been. This is equivalent to a reduction in youth long-term unemployment of nearly 40 per cent." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Gustavsson, Jan, Maria Hemström & Susanne Ackum Agell (1999): Kvinnoforums arbetsmarknadsprogram. (Forskningsrapport 1999:1), Uppsala.

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Hales, Jon & Debbie Collins (1999): New deal for young people. Leavers with unknown destinations. (Employment Service. Research and development report ESR 21), Sheffield: Employment Service, 47 S.

Abstract

"The Employment Service (ES) commissioned the National Centre for Social Research (formerly SCPR) to conduct a study of New Deal leavers with unknown destinations to establish the economic activities in which these people were engaged. In addition, it was intended that the study would provide an assessment of the extent to which the New Deal had met the needs of these people, in particular those from disadvantaged groups. Interviewing was conducted between mid-December 1998 and the end of January 1999 with those leaving New Deal between April and August 1998. This allows activities immediately after New Deal to be compared with the activities in which the sample members were involved around six months later." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Johansson, Kerstin (1999): Resursarbete - en uppföjlning. (Forskningsrapport 1999:4), Uppsala.

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Martinson, Sara (1999): Aktivare användningen av arbets-löshetsersättningen - en uppföljning. (Forskningsrapport 1999:7), Uppsala.

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Perjos, Solveig & Lena Ståhl (1999): Tummen up. (Ungdomsstyrelsen Rapporterar 17), Stockholm.

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Ståhl, Lena (1999): Utvecklingsgarantin för långtidsarbetslösa ungdomar i 10 kommuner. (Ungdomsstyrelsens Utredningar Nr. 16), Stockholm.

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Blackburn, Vicky, Camilla Child, Isabelle Darmon, Kari Hadjivassiliou, Julie Hills, Murray Saunders, Elliot Stern & Sadie Williams (1998): New deal for young unemployed people. Case studies of delivery and impact in pathfinder areas. (Employment Service. Research report ESR 07), Sheffield: Employment Service, 192 S.

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Giddens, Anthony (1998): The third way. The renewal of social democracy. Cambridge u.a.: Polity Press, 176 S.

Abstract

"The idea of finding a 'third way' in politics has been widely discussed over recent months - not only in the UK, but in the US, Continental Europe and Latin America. But what is the third way? Supporters of the notion haven't been able to agree, and critics deny the possibility altogether. Anthony Giddens shows that developing a third way is not only a possibility but a necessity in modern politics." (author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Glaser, Barney G. & Anselm L. Strauss (1998): Grounded theory. Strategien qualitativer Forschung. (Hans Huber Programmbereich Pflege), Bern u.a.: Hogrefe und Huber, 270 S.

Abstract

Grounded Theory ist eine von Glaser und Strauss entwickelte Strategie der qualitativen Sozialforschung zur Theorieentwicklung durch Analyse quantitativer und qualitativer Daten: Durch systematisches Erheben und Analysieren von Daten, die sich auf das entdeckte Phänomen beziehen, werden Theorien mittlerer Reichweite ausgearbeitet und vorläufig bestätigt. Aus der Untersuchung der Phänomene werden Theorien abgeleitet, welche die Phänomene abbilden. Datensammlung, Analyse und die Theorie stehen somit in einer wechselseitigen Beziehung zueinander. Das Buch behandelt drei Aspekte der Grounded Theory: Die Theoriegenerierung mittels komparativer Analyse, den flexiblen Gebrauch quantitativer und qualitatitver Daten sowie die Implikationen der Grounded Theory, insbesondere Glaubwürdigkeit, Anwendung und die Rolle des Einfalls als Quelle von Theorien. (IAB)

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Legard, Robin, Jane Ritchie, Jill Keegan & Rachel Turner (1998): New deal for young unemployed people. The gateway. (Employment Service. Research and development report 08), Sheffield: Employment Service.

Abstract

"In-depth interviews and group discussions with New Deal participants on Gateway in four Pathfinder districts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Nes, Peter J. van, M. M. Cluitmans & Jaap de Koning (1998): Evaluatie van activering. Werkdocument. Eindversie. In opdracht van Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid, Divisie Arbeid en Onderwijs, Rotterdam. Rotterdam.

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Lammerts, Rob (1997): Perspectief voor langdurig baanlozen. Evaluatie van het project. Utrecht: Verwey-Jonker Instituut Publicaties.

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(1997): Kommunernas ansvar för arbetslösa ungdomar - En utvärdering. (Ungdomsstyrelsens Utredningar Nr. 8), Stockholm.

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Lipsey, Mark W. (1994): Identifying potentially interesting variables and analysis. In: H. Cooper & L. V. Hedges (Hrsg.) (1994): The handbook of research synthesis, S. 111-124.

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Klein, Thomas (1993): Zweckmässigkeit staatlicher Regelungen der Arbeitsvermittlung. (Archiv der deutschen Hochschulwissenschaften 1), Baden-Baden: Löw & Vorderwülbecke, 306 S.

Abstract

"Eine leistungsfähige gesamtgesellschaftliche Arbeitsvermittlung hat hohen arbeitsmarkt- und sozialpolitischen Stellenwert. Theoretische Überlegungen und empirische Befunde haben gezeigt, daß eine privatwirtschaftlich organisierte Arbeitsvermittlung maximale allokative Effizienz erwarten läßt und für die überwiegende Zahl der Arbeitsmarktteilnehmer auch unter sozialpolitischen Gesichtspunkten unproblematischen Konditionen tätig wird. Ein öffentliches Alleinvermittlungsrecht hat sich vor diesem Hintergrund weder unter arbeitsmarkt- noch unter sozialpolitischen Gesichtspunkten als zweickmäßig erwiesen. Es läßt in arbeitsmarktpolitischer Hinsicht beträchtliche Effizienzverluste gegenüber einer privatwirtschatlich organisierten Arbeitsvermittlung erwarten, was aufgrund der hohen sozialen Bedeutung einer quantitativ und qualitativ hohen Matchingleistung auch unter sozialpolitischen Gesichtspunkten als wenig erwünscht einzustufen ist. Die bei völlig ungeregelter privater Arbeitsvermittlung zu erwartenden Schädigungspotentiale lassen sich durch subjektive Zulassungsvoraussetzungen und geeignete Berufsausübungsregelungen im Rahmen einer Lizenzpflicht für private Arbeitsvermittler deutlich begrenzen, jedoch nicht völlig beseitigen. Betroffen von diesem "Restrisiko" sind vor allem weniger wettbewerbsfähige Arbeitsmarktteilnehmer, die durch eigene Anstrengungen keinen geeigneten Kontraktpartner finden können. Der Staat ist daher aufgerufen, seiner Pflicht zur subsidiären Daseinsvorsorge nachzukommen und eine Informationsversorgung dieser Marktteilnehmer zu für sie annehmbaren Konditionen sicherzustellen. Eine öffentliche Bereitstellung von Vermittlungsdienstleistungen hat sich zu diesem Zweck als einziger wirksamer und praktikabler Weg erwiesen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)

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Esping-Andersen, Gøsta (1991): The three worlds of welfare capitalism. Cambridge: Policy Press, 248 S.

Abstract

Im Rahmen einer international vergleichenden Analyse werden theoretische und empirische Aspekte wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Entwicklung behandelt. Dabei werden drei wohlfahrtsstaatliche Typen herausgearbeitet: der konservative, der liberale und der sozialdemokratische Wohlfahrtsstaat. (IAB)