Arbeitsbedingungen und Gesundheit von Beschäftigten
Der Zusammenhang von Arbeitsbedingungen bzw. Arbeitsbelastungen und der Gesundheit von Beschäftigten erhält durch die demografische Entwicklung, Digitalisierung und Klimawandel neues Gewicht. Wie muss Arbeit gestaltet sein, damit die Beschäftigten langfristig und gesund erwerbstätig sein können?
Dieses Themendossier dokumentiert die Ergebnisse empirischer Forschung der letzten Jahre.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Health Care and the Labor Market: Learning from the German Experience (2018)
Zitatform
Amelung, Volker, Sherry Glied & Angelina Topan (2018): Health Care and the Labor Market: Learning from the German Experience. In: Journal of health politics, policy and law, Jg. 28, H. 4, S. 693-714. DOI:10.1215/03616878-28-4-693
Abstract
"Many observers have begun to question the U.S. reliance on an employment-based private health insurance system. In thinking about the future of this system, it is instructive to examine the German experience. The German health insurance system is almost entirely organized and financed around the labor market. In recent years, the German labor market has changed in several ways. Among other changes, more German women now work, the proportion of retirees in the population has increased, the share of manufacturing in employment has declined, and the economy has become more open. These labor market changes have made it more difficult to organize health insurance around employment in Germany. Recent changes in the German health insurance system have, to some extent, decoupled health insurance from employment. This decoupling is likely to continue as the labor market changes further. We explore the implications of this experience for the United States." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Burnout in the workplace: A review of data and policy responses in the EU (2018)
Aumayr-Pintar, Christine; Cerf, Catherine; Parent-Thirion, Agnès;Zitatform
Aumayr-Pintar, Christine, Catherine Cerf & Agnès Parent-Thirion (2018): Burnout in the workplace. A review of data and policy responses in the EU. (Eurofound research report / European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions), Dublin, 39 S. DOI:10.2806/957351
Abstract
"This report looks at the extent of burnout experienced by workers in the EU, based on national research. As a starting point, the report sets out to consider whether burnout is viewed as a medical or occupational disease. It then examines the work determinants associated with burnout and looks at the effects of burnout, including psychosocial and physical work factors, work intensity and work organisation. It also reviews national strategies and policies regarding this issue, the involvement of the social partners in the current debate, as well as preventive actions currently in place." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Die Rolle von Niedriglohnperipherien in den globalen Wertschöpfungsketten der Automobilindustrie: der Fall Mittelosteuropas (2018)
Zitatform
Krzywdzinski, Martin (2018): Die Rolle von Niedriglohnperipherien in den globalen Wertschöpfungsketten der Automobilindustrie. Der Fall Mittelosteuropas. In: Prokla, Jg. 48, H. 4, S. 523-544. DOI:10.32387/prokla.v48i193.1144
Abstract
"Die Rolle von Niedriglohnperipherien in den globalen Wertschöpfungsketten der Automobilindustrie. Der Fall Mittelosteuropas. Welche Perspektiven bietet die Inklusion in die globalen Wertschöpfungsketten der Automobilindustrie für Niedriglohnperipherien? Am Beispiel Mittelosteuropas zeigt der vorliegende Artikel eine ambivalente Entwicklung. Auf der einen Seite haben die mittelosteuropäischen Standorte der Automobilindustrie eine tiefgreifende Modernisierung von Produkten und Technologien durchlaufen. Auf der anderen Seite bleibt die Region höchst abhängig von Verbrennungsmotortechnologien, während Innovationsaktivitäten im Bereich von Zukunftstechnologien (z.B. Elektromobilität) sehr begrenzt sind. Zudem hat die Dominanz neoliberaler Politikstrategien in Mittelosteuropa eine Entkopplung der wirtschaftlichen von der sozialen Entwicklung in Form stagnierender Löhne sowie fehlender Investitionen in Aus- und Weiterbildung gefördert." (Autorenreferat, © Verlag Westfälisches Dampfboot)
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Literaturhinweis
Women's job quality across family life stages: an analysis of female employees across 27 European countries (2018)
Zitatform
Piasna, Agnieszka & Anke Plagnol (2018): Women's job quality across family life stages. An analysis of female employees across 27 European countries. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 139, H. 3, S. 1065-1084. DOI:10.1007/s11205-017-1743-9
Abstract
"There is little empirical evidence on how working conditions affect women's employment and fertility choices, despite a number of studies on the impact of individual-level and institutional factors. The article addresses this gap by examining how family life stages are related to particular aspects of job quality among employed women in 27 European countries. The central argument of the analysis is that high-quality jobs are conducive to both transitions to motherhood and employment after childbirth as women select into these roles. Accordingly, mothers of young children, if employed, are expected to have relatively better quality jobs. Four dimensions of job quality are considered: job security, career progression, working time and intrinsic job quality. The results indicate that mothers with young children are more likely to hold high-quality jobs than women at other life stages with respect to working time quality and job security, but with some variation across countries for job security. The findings highlight the importance of high-quality jobs for women's fertility decisions and labour market attachment after childbirth, with implications for European employment policy." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job quality, health and productivity: an evidence-based framework for analysis (2018)
Zitatform
Saint-Martin, Anne, Hande Inanc & Christopher Prinz (2018): Job quality, health and productivity. An evidence-based framework for analysis. (OECD social, employment and migration working papers 221), Paris, 64 S. DOI:10.1787/a8c84d91-en
Abstract
"The nature, content and milieu of work - i.e. the quality of the working environment - matter in many ways for people, firms and society as a whole. There is a great deal of evidence to show clear associations between job quality and the health of workers, their ability to successfully combine work and life while fully mobilising their skills and abilities to build a career, and their productivity. Investments in quality working environments can be welfare enhancing and economically efficient. Policies and practices reflect these findings insufficiently, an apparent paradox that finds its roots in various market failures. There is scope for public intervention to raise awareness, to ensure better coordination of key stakeholders (employers, workers' representatives and various public entities) and to put in place the right financial incentives for firms to invest in better working conditions. Action in this field is also important in view of ongoing considerable changes in the labour market. The future of work is very uncertain at this stage; the digitalisation and uberisation of work have the potential for improvements in working conditions but also bear the risk of de-skilling, lower pay, lower job security and poor working conditions for parts of the labour force." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Collection of biomeasures in a cross-national setting: Experiences in SHARE (2018)
Zitatform
Weiss, Luzia M., Joseph Sakshaug & Axel Börsch-Supan (2018): Collection of biomeasures in a cross-national setting. Experiences in SHARE. In: T. P. Johnson, B.- E. Pennell, I. Stoop & B. Dorer (Hrsg.) (2018): Advances in comparative survey methods : multinational, multiregional and multicultural contexts (3MC), S. 623-642, 2018-03-04.
Abstract
"This chapter provides an overview of strategies and methods used to collect biomeasures cross-nationally. The chapter covers a range of practical issues associated with ensuring comparability of biomeasure collection across multiple countries. The overview is based on the experiences of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), a multinational study that surveys the older adult population and collects biomeasures in 20 European countries (plus Israel). SHARE faces an assortment of operational and legal issues related to the collection of biomeasures. We summarize these issues and describe how they are handled in SHARE. The intent of the chapter is to provide readers with a general understanding of biomeasure collection in a cross-national context and up-to-date knowledge of current practices." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gender inequality in self-reported health among the elderly in contemporary welfare countries: a cross-country analysis of time use activities, socioeconomic positions and family characteristics (2017)
Zitatform
Adjei, Nicholas Kofi, Tilman Brand & Hajo Zeeb (2017): Gender inequality in self-reported health among the elderly in contemporary welfare countries. A cross-country analysis of time use activities, socioeconomic positions and family characteristics. In: PLoS one, Jg. 12, H. 9, S. 1-24. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0184676
Abstract
"Background: Paradoxically, despite their longer life expectancy, women report poorer health than men. Time devoted to differing social roles could be an explanation for the observed gender differences in health among the elderly. The objective of this study was to explain gender differences in self-reported health among the elderly by taking time use activities, socio-economic positions, family characteristics and cross-national differences into account.
Methods: Data from the Multinational Time Use Study (MTUS) on 13,223 men and 18,192 women from Germany, Italy, Spain, UK and the US were analyzed. Multiple binary logistic regression models were used to examine the association between social factors and health for men and women separately. We further identified the relative contribution of different factors to total gender inequality in health using the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method.
Results: Whereas time allocated to paid work, housework and active leisure activities were positively associated with health, time devoted to passive leisure and personal activities were negatively associated with health among both men and women, but the magnitude of the association varied by gender and country. We found significant gender differences in health in Germany, Italy and Spain, but not in the other countries. The decomposition showed that differences in the time allocated to active leisure and level of educational attainment accounted for the largest health gap.
Conclusions: Our study represents a first step in understanding cross-national differences in the association between health status and time devoted to role-related activities among elderly men and women. The results, therefore, demonstrate the need of using an integrated framework of social factors in analyzing and explaining the gender and cross-national differences in the health of the elderly population." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Job quality, health and at-work productivity (2017)
Zitatform
Arends, Iris, Christopher Prinz & Femke Abma (2017): Job quality, health and at-work productivity. (OECD social, employment and migration working papers 195), Paris, 39 S. DOI:10.1787/43ff6bdc-en
Abstract
"Many countries invest considerable resources into promoting employment and the creation of jobs. At the same time, policies and institutions still pay relatively little attention to the quality of jobs although job quality has been found to be a major driver of employee wellbeing and may be an important factor for work productivity. Eventually, job quality might also influence labour supply choices and lead to higher employment. Providing robust evidence for the relationship between job quality and worker productivity could make a strong case for labour market policies directed at the improvement of job quality. This paper reviews existing evidence on the relationship between the quality of the work environment and individual at-work productivity, defined as reduced productivity while at work, and assesses the effect of health on this relationship.
After screening 2 319 studies from various fields and disciplines, including economics and medicine, 48 studies are reviewed. Strong evidence is found for a negative relationship between job stress or job strain and individual at-work productivity and for a positive relationship between job rewards and productivity. Moderate evidence is found for a negative relationship between work-family conflict and at-work productivity and for a positive relationship between fairness at work and social support from co-workers and productivity. Health influences the relationship between the quality of the work environment and productivity. Specifically, the relationship is stronger for people in good health.
Job quality needs a more prominent place in labour market policy. More attention needs to be paid to workers' perceptions of the quality of their work environment and how policies and practices at both the level of the worker and the work environment may influence this. Furthermore, as health-related factors significantly influence the relationship between job quality and productivity, multidisciplinary approaches are needed to support at-work productivity" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Determinants of health at work in the EU15: elaboration of synthetic indicators of working conditions and their impacts on the physical and mental health of workers (2017)
Zitatform
Coupaud, Marine (2017): Determinants of health at work in the EU15. Elaboration of synthetic indicators of working conditions and their impacts on the physical and mental health of workers. In: International journal of manpower, Jg. 38, H. 1, S. 93-126. DOI:10.1108/IJM-02-2016-0040
Abstract
"Purpose: Workers' health is a main concern in industrialized countries. The structural evolution of the labor market should have encouraged better working conditions, as should have increasing interest in corporate social responsibility. But work arduousness takes new forms as work organizations evolve. All workers are potentially affected by onerous working conditions. The purpose of this paper is to explore all types of working conditions that may affect workers.
Design/methodology/approach: The author creates four indicators of working conditions using the multiple correspondence analysis and also analyzes how they relate to the workers' physical and mental health using a logit model.
Findings: Performing the analysis on data from the third and fifth waves of the European Working Conditions Survey, the author presents the results showing the growing importance of interpersonal relationships at work and observes a rise in inequalities in terms of health over the period 2000-2010 for people belonging to the vulnerable categories: women and lower-income groups.
Originality/value: The author offers to describe the evolution of the working conditions of the European workers over an interesting period during which many changes took place. Moreover, this paper investigates the respective impacts of different types of working conditions to come up with policy recommendations." (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
The 'healthy worker effect': do healthy people climb the occupational ladder? (2017)
Zitatform
Font, Joan Costa & Martin Ljunge (2017): The 'healthy worker effect': do healthy people climb the occupational ladder? (CESifo working paper 6712), München, 60 S.
Abstract
"The association between occupational status and health has been taken to reveal the presence of health inequalities shaped by occupational status. However, that interpretation assumes no influence of health status in explaining occupational standing. This paper documents evidence of non-negligible returns to occupation status on health (which we refer as 'healthy worker effect'). We use a unique empirical strategy that addressed reverse causality, namely an instrumental variable strategy using the variation in average health in the migrant's country of origin, a health measure plausibly not determined by the migrant's occupational status. Our findings suggest that health status exerts significant effects on occupational status in several dimensions; having a supervising role, worker autonomy, and worker influence. The effect size of health is larger than that of an upper secondary education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Absenteeism as a reaction to harmful behavior in the workplace from a stress theory point of view (2017)
Zitatform
Martin, Albert & Wenzel Matiaske (2017): Absenteeism as a reaction to harmful behavior in the workplace from a stress theory point of view. In: Management Revue, Jg. 28, H. 2, S. 227-254. DOI:10.5771/0935-9915-2017-2-227
Abstract
"The paper gives an overview as to the extent of socially harmful behavior in the workplace. Data comes from European Survey on Working Conditions. We draw upon the information from the surveys which were carried out in 2000, 2005 and 2010 in the EU-15. Unfortunately, the findings show that the number of employees who suffer socially harmful behavior in their work environment is not low. Following the assumption that stressful working conditions increase the probability of harmful behavior it is shown that the reaction to harmful behavior depends on what resources are available to the person affected. Social support and satisfying working conditions prove to be effective buffers against hostile behavior. Nevertheless, behavioral buffers can only play a supporting role in detecting and removing the causes of hostile behavior. The paper adds new insights into the topic and in addition to an overview, we identify empirically significant determinants and conduct a stress theoretic analysis of different ways of reacting to socially aversive behavior." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Repräsentationen weiblicher Erwerbstätigkeit in japanischen und deutschen Frauenzeitschriften (2017)
Maurer, Marissa;Zitatform
Maurer, Marissa (2017): Repräsentationen weiblicher Erwerbstätigkeit in japanischen und deutschen Frauenzeitschriften. München: Iudicium Verlag, 331 S.
Abstract
"In Japan und Deutschland hat sich die Rolle der Frau in den vergangenen Dekaden signifikant verändert. Einen der wichtigsten Faktoren dieses äußerst komplexen Wandlungsprozesses stellt die Bedeutungszunahme respektive -verschiebung einer außerhäuslichen Erwerbstätigkeit im Leben der Frauen dar. Da das Medium Frauenzeitschrift in besonderer Weise durch die inhaltliche Ausrichtung auf die Spezifika weiblicher Lebenszusammenhänge gekennzeichnet ist, wird mit der vorliegenden Studie der Frage nachgegangen, wie sich japanische und deutsche Frauenzeitschriften dem Themenkomplex Erwerbstätigkeit nähern und welchen möglichen Beitrag sie für ihre Leserinnen wie auch den öffentlichen Diskurs zur weiblichen Erwerbstätigkeit zu leisten vermögen. Im Mittelpunkt der Studie steht die Analyse der redaktionellen Beiträge der japanischen Frauenzeitschriften Nikkei Woman, Oggi und Marisol sowie der deutschen Titel Cosmopolitan, Brigitte Woman und Emotion im Hinblick auf die formale Präsentation und inhaltliche Konstruktion des Themas weibliche Erwerbstätigkeit. Ergänzt wird die primär inhaltsanalytisch basierte Studie im Rahmen einer nicht repräsentativen Befragung durch die Perspektive der Rezipientinnen." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis bei der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek -
Literaturhinweis
Explaining Implementation through Varieties of Capitalism Theory: The Case of the Telework and Work-related Stress Agreements (2017)
Zitatform
Prosser, Thomas (2017): Explaining Implementation through Varieties of Capitalism Theory. The Case of the Telework and Work-related Stress Agreements. In: Journal of Common Market Studies, Jg. 55, H. 4, S. 889-908. DOI:10.1111/jcms.12514
Abstract
"Despite extensive literature on the implementation of European 'soft' law and Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) theory, no existing work has attempted to explain the implementation of soft law with reference to VoC. In this article, on the basis of a study of the implementation of the non-legally binding European Telework and Work-related Stress Agreements in four countries, we attempt to address this gap. Four hypotheses are developed, based on key tenets of VoC theory, which aim to explain divergent national implementation outcomes of the agreements. The predictive power of VoC emerges as mixed. Though a hypothesis concerning the propensity of Coordinated Market Economies (CMEs) to implement the agreements via collective agreements is confirmed, evidence for remaining hypotheses is more ambiguous. Implications for theories of soft law implementation and VoC theory are reflected upon in conclusion." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does rising income inequality affect mortality rates in advanced economies? (2017)
Rebeira, Mayvis; Grootendorst, Paul; Aguirregabiria, Victor; Coyte, Peter C.;Zitatform
Rebeira, Mayvis, Paul Grootendorst, Peter C. Coyte & Victor Aguirregabiria (2017): Does rising income inequality affect mortality rates in advanced economies? (Economics. Discussion papers 2017-12), Kiel, 28 S.
Abstract
"What effect does rising income inequality have on mortality rates in developed countries? In particular, does the rise of the super-wealthy or the top 0.01% of the population effect overall health of the population? This paper focuses on the effect of rising income inequality on mortality rates of men and women in a subset of OECD countries over six decades from 1950 - 2008. The authors used adult mortality as the outcome measure and the inverted Pareto-Lorenz coefficient as the preferred measure of income inequality and obtained the latest and precise data on the income inequality measure. They used a panel co-integration econometric framework to address some of the challenges posed by more conventional methods. The findings show that for industrialized countries with co-integrated series, income inequality appears to have a long-run significant negative effect on mortality risk for both men and women, that is, an increase in income inequality does not appear to lower annualized adult mortality rates." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Counting injuries and illnesses in the workplace: an international review (2017)
Tedone, Thomas S.;Zitatform
Tedone, Thomas S. (2017): Counting injuries and illnesses in the workplace. An international review. In: Monthly labor review, Jg. 140, H. September, S. 1-27. DOI:10.21916/mlr.2017.23
Abstract
"This article reviews salient features of national occupational safety and health surveillance systems within a cross section of countries, including the United States. Special attention is paid to differences in system scope and in methods of injury and illness data collection." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of extended working hours on health and social well-being: a comparative analysis of four independent samples (2017)
Wirtz, Anna; Nachreiner, Friedhelm;Zitatform
Wirtz, Anna & Friedhelm Nachreiner (2017): The effects of extended working hours on health and social well-being. A comparative analysis of four independent samples. In: Chronobiology international : the journal of biological and medical rhythm research, Jg. 27, H. 5, S. 1124-1134. DOI:10.3109/07420528.2010.490099
Abstract
"Using structural equation modeling, it can be shown that long weekly working hours and work on weekends, nights, and in shifts have detrimental effects on psychovegetative health. Employees' reported subjective work-life balance also decreases with increasing number of hours worked/week, days worked on weekends, or at nights, and with working shifts. A decrease in work-life balance in turn increases the risk of psychovegetative impairments (PVIs). Thus, long and unusual working hours increase the risk of psychovegetative health impairments both directly and indirectly, moderated by the subjective work-life balance. In fact, the indirect effects of working time on PVIs via the work-life balance seem to be stronger than the direct effects. Results of a cross-validation study of four independent and representative samples from Germany and the European Union (N?>?50,000) indicate high structural stability of these results and thus an increased validity and range for generalization." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Determinants of the annual duration of sickness presenteeism: empirical evidence from European data (2016)
Arnold, Daniel;Zitatform
Arnold, Daniel (2016): Determinants of the annual duration of sickness presenteeism. Empirical evidence from European data. In: Labour, Jg. 30, H. 2, S. 198-212. DOI:10.1111/labr.12053
Abstract
"Sickness presenteeism, i.e. going to work while sick, can cause substantial productivity losses. Focusing on work-related characteristics, we investigate the determinants of the annual duration of sickness presenteeism using representative European cross-sectional data. We find work autonomy, workload, tenure, and the work environment to be the quantitatively most relevant determinants of sickness presenteeism days. Work autonomy (control over one's work, being supervisor), workload (weekly working hours, time pressure), and tenure are positively related to the number of sickness presenteeism days. In contrast, a good work environment (good working conditions and social support) comes along with fewer presenteeism days." Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons
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Literaturhinweis
Does job insecurity deteriorate health?: a causal approach for Europe (2016)
Zitatform
Caroli, Eve & Mathilde Godard (2016): Does job insecurity deteriorate health? A causal approach for Europe. In: Health Economics, Jg. 25, H. 2, S. 131-147. DOI:10.1002/hec.3122
Abstract
"This paper estimates the causal effect of perceived job insecurity - that is, the fear of involuntary job loss - on health in a sample of men from 22 European countries. We rely on an original instrumental variable approach on the basis of the idea that workers perceive greater job security in countries where employment is strongly protected by the law and more so if employed in industries where employment protection legislation is more binding; that is, in induastries with a higher natural rate of dismissals. Using cross-country data from the 2010 European Working Conditions Survey, we show that, when the potential endogeneity of job insecurity is not accounted for, the latter appears to deteriorate almost all health outcomes. When tackling the endogeneity issue by estimating an instrumental variable model and dealing with potential weak-instrument issues, the health-damaging effect of job insecurity is confirmed for a limited subgroup of health outcomes; namely, suffering from headaches or eyestrain and skin problems. As for other health variables, the impact of job insecurity appears to be insignificant at conventional levels." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit und gesundheitliche Ungleichheit: Die ungleiche Verteilung von Arbeitsbelastungen in Deutschland und Europa (2016)
Zitatform
Dragano, Nico, Morten Wahrendorf, Kathrin Müller & Thorsten Lunau (2016): Arbeit und gesundheitliche Ungleichheit. Die ungleiche Verteilung von Arbeitsbelastungen in Deutschland und Europa. In: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, Jg. 59, H. 2, S. 217-227. DOI:10.1007/s00103-015-2281-8
Abstract
"Arbeitsbelastungen könnten einen Anteil an der Entstehung sozial ungleicher Erkrankungsrisiken im Erwachsenenalter haben, wenn Beschäftigte aus benachteiligten Berufsklassen von diesen Belastungen häufiger betroffen sind. Empirische Daten für die Beurteilung dieser Annahme fehlen für Deutschland weitgehend.
Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Forschung zur berufsbezogenen gesundheitlichen Ungleichheit. Anhand von Daten einer europäischen Beschäftigtenbefragung wird zudem die Verteilung eines breiten Spektrums von Arbeitsbelastungen über unterschiedliche berufliche Positionen untersucht.
Die Analysen basieren auf Daten des European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS). Die deutsche Teilstichprobe (n?=?2096) und die Stichprobe für EU-27 Länder (n?=?34.529) wurden vergleichend ausgewertet. Die berufliche Position wurde anhand des EGP-Klassenschemas operationalisiert und die Prävalenz von 16 Arbeitsbelastungen für diese EGP-Berufsklassen geschlechtsspezifisch berechnet. In Regressionsmodellen wurde zudem geprüft, ob Unterschiede in der selbstberichteten Gesundheit zwischen Berufsklassen durch ein ungleiches Auftreten von Belastungen erklärt werden könnten.
Für zahlreiche Arbeitsbelastungen zeigte sich eine höhere Prävalenz bei manuellen Berufen und einfachen Angestellten. Dies gilt gleichermaßen für physische und psychische Belastungen. Die Ergebnisse für Männer und Frauen sowie für die deutsche und die europäische Stichprobe stimmten zum großen Teil überein.
Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass gesundheitlich belastende Arbeitsbedingungen einen Anteil an der Ausprägung sozial ungleicher Gesundheitschancen in der Bevölkerung haben. " © Springer-Verlag -
Literaturhinweis
Health inequality and the uses of time for workers in Europe: policy implications (2016)
Zitatform
Giménez-Nadal, José Ignacio & José Alberto Molina (2016): Health inequality and the uses of time for workers in Europe. Policy implications. In: IZA journal of European Labor Studies, Jg. 5, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1186/s40174-016-0055-4
Abstract
"This paper analyses the relationship between health inequality and the time allocation decisions of workers in six European countries, deriving some important policy implications in the context of income tax systems, regulation of working conditions, and taxes on leisure activities. Using the Multinational Time Use Study, we find that a better perception of own health is associated with more time devoted to market work activities in all six countries and with less time devoted to housework activities for both men and women. However, the evidence for the associations between health and leisure is mixed. This study represents a first step in understanding cross-country differences in the relationship between health status and time devoted to a range of activities for workers, in contrast with other analyses that have mainly focused only on market work. A better understanding of these cross-country differences may help to identify the effects of public policy on inequalities in the uses of time." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))