Zitatform

Holte, Bjørn Hallstein, Ignatius Swart & Keikki Hiilamo (2019): The NEET concept in comparative youth research. The Nordic countries and South Africa. In: Journal of youth studies, Jg. 22, H. 2, S. 256-272. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2018.1496406

Abstract

"The NEET concept has become widely used internationally since its emergence in the UK almost two decades ago. This article reviews the adoption of the concept in two extreme contexts in terms of NEET rates, youth opportunities and youth welfare: the Nordic countries and South Africa. The article discusses the situations of NEET young people in the two contexts, and how the concept is used in the wealthy and relatively homogenous Nordic welfare states and in relatively poorer and racially divided South Africa. While the concept has been problematised in different ways in Nordic youth research, it has been more readily accepted by South African researchers. We argue that, in both contexts, the NEET concept can be taken as an invitation to look beyond individual life situations and biographies, and to focus on how structural forces such as the political economy shape young people's lives. The NEET concept provides a way of discussing changing opportunity structures and how global social forces such as globalisation and neoliberalisation shape young people's lives in different contexts. The NEET concept is useful in comparative youth research." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Hvinden, Bjørn, Jacqueline O'Reilly & Christer Hyggen (Hrsg.) (2019): Negotiating early job insecurity well-being, scarring and resilience of European youth. Cheltenham: Elgar, 264 S. DOI:10.4337/9781788118798

Abstract

"Offering new knowledge and insights into European job markets, this book explores how young men and women experience job insecurity. By combining analysis of original data collected through a variety of innovative methods, it compares the trajectories of early job insecurity in nine European countries. Focusing on the ways in which young adults deal with this by actively increasing their chances of getting a job through a variety of methods, as the book shows how governmental policies can be altered to reduce early job insecurity." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Hvinden, Bjørn, Christer Hyggen, Mi A. Schoyen & Tomáš Sirovátka (Hrsg.) (2019): Youth unemployment and job insecurity in Europe. Problems, risk factors and policies. Cheltenham: Elgar, 272 S. DOI:10.4337/9781788118897

Abstract

"Providing original insights into the factors causing early job insecurity in European countries, this book examines its short- and long-term consequences. It assesses public policies seeking to diminish the risks to young people facing prolonged job insecurity and reduce the severity of these impacts. Based on the findings of a major study across nine European countries, this book examines the diverse strategies that countries across the continent use to help young people overcome employment barriers." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Kiepenheuer-Drechsler, Barbara, Michael Steinbach, Wolfgang Wittig & Susanne Kretschmer (2019): Evaluierung der Jugendberufsagentur Berlin. Zweiter Zwischenbericht der Evaluation Forschungsinstitut Betriebliche Bildung. Berichtszeitraum 01.01.2017 - 31.12.2018. (Drucksache / Abgeordnetenhaus von Berlin Dr. 18/1864 v. 02.05.2019), Berlin, 105 S.

Abstract

"Mit der Jugendberufsagentur (JBA) Berlin konnte seit 2016 ein gemeinsames Dach geschaffen werden, unter dem eine enge, abgestimmte Leistungserbringung für junge Menschen am Übergang von der Schule in den Beruf durch die Agenturen für Arbeit, die Jobcenter, die Jugendhilfe und die Berater/innen der beruflichen Schulen ermöglicht wird. Eine systematische und kontinuierliche Vernetzung entsprechend eines 'One-Stop-Government' wurde als verbindliches Leitziel in der landesweiten Kooperationsvereinbarung verankert. Um diesen Entwicklungsprozess zu begleiten, wurde das Forschungsinstitut Betriebliche Bildung (f-bb) mit der Evaluation beauftragt. Die Evaluation dient der Erfolgskontrolle und soll die strategische Steuerung und Koordinierung der JBA Berlin unterstützen. Im hier vorgelegten zweiten Zwischenbericht werden zum Stand 31.12.2018 ein Zwischenfazit zum derzeitigen Umsetzungsstand der JBA Berlin gezogen, Aspekte der rechtskreisübergreifenden Zusammenarbeit, der aufsuchenden Beratung, zum Angebot der sozialintegrativen Leistungen und zu zentralen Schnittstellen der JBA zu Schule, Fallmanagement und der Reha-Beratung analysiert. Der Bericht enthält darüber hinaus erste Aussagen aus der Wirkungsanalyse und Empfehlungen zur Weiterentwicklung. Herausgehoben werden kann, dass sich die JBA Berlin nach etwas mehr als drei Jahren weiterhin in einem positiv zu wertenden, andauernden Entwicklungsprozess befindet. Verstehen die Partner die JBA Berlin als entwicklungsoffenes, lernendes System, bietet sich eine große Chance für die Ausgestaltung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen den einzelnen Institutionen in ihren jeweiligen Rechtskreisen und den verschiedenen Verwaltungsebenen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Klier, Julia, Mathias Klier, Lea Thiel & Ritu Agarwal (2019): Power of Mobile Peer Groups: A Design-Oriented Approach to Address Youth Unemployment. In: Journal of Management Information Systems, Jg. 36, H. 1, S. 158-193. DOI:10.1080/07421222.2018.1550557

Abstract

"To investigate the societal value of digital peer groups in the context of youth unemployment, one of society’s most pressing problems, we developed a novel mobile peer-group-based career counseling approach. Following a design-oriented methodology, we constructed an intervention in which we supplement offline one-on-one counseling sessions between youths and career counselors with mobile peer groups where youths can support one another in a trusting environment, independent of time and place. We evaluated the career counseling intervention, implemented on a WhatsApp platform, in a randomized field experiment conducted at the German Federal Employment Agency. Results suggest that the mobile peer-group-based career counseling approach offers substantial added value compared with traditional career counseling. It significantly increases a youth’s chances of finding employment while improving his or her attitude towards career choice, career maturity, and career search intensity. Our study contributes to literature on the societal impacts of information and communication technologies and to research in design science. The proposed mobile intervention has important policy implications for addressing youth unemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Kougias, Konstantinos (2019): Youth-oriented active labour market policies and economic crisis. Explaining policy effort in Greece and Portugal. In: International social security review, Jg. 72, H. 4, S. 79-105. DOI:10.1111/issr.12222

Abstract

Der Ausgangspunkt dieser Studie ist die Umsetzung scheinbar ähnlicher jugendorientierter Arbeitsmarktmaßnahmen in Griechenland und Portugal. Beide Länder litten unter einer hohen Jugendarbeitslosigkeit und sahen sich gezwungen, ihren Arbeitsmarkt im Rahmen der Rettungspakete, die während der Staatsschuldenkrise in Europa verabschiedet wurden, zu restrukturieren. Trotz vieler Gemeinsamkeiten der politischen Gestaltung ergaben sich bei den Beschäftigungsergebnissen beträchtliche Unterschiede. Die Politik für die Jugend war in Portugal zielgerichteter und besser strukturiert. Ihre Umsetzung war wirksamer, und von Beginn der Krise an wurden die Sozialpartner eingebunden. In Griechenland hingegen wurde die Dynamik der jugendorientierten politischen Maßnahmen durch Mängel in der politischen Gestaltung, durch administrative Schwächen und durch ungünstige makroökonomische Bedingungen gebremst, so dass sich die Unsicherheit für junge Menschen erhöht hat. Diese zwei unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen zeigen, dass ähnliche politische Inhalte manchmal zu sehr unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen führen können. (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Landauer, Doris (2019): Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene beim AMS Wien. Datenanalyse der im Zeitraum eines Jahres vorgemerkten Personen bis 25 Jahre. Wien, 75 S.

Abstract

"61.286 Personen im Alter zwischen 15 und 25 Jahren waren zwischen 1. Juli 2017 und 30. Juni 2018 zumindest einen Tag beim AMS Wien vorgemerkt. Sie werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit anhand von Basisdaten des AMS näher beschrieben und bildeten die Zielgruppe für eine differenzierte Befragung zu ihrer Betreuung durch das AMS, die in einer gesonderten Studie veröffentlicht wird." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Marques, Paulo & Felix Hörisch (2019): Promoting workplace-based training to fight youth unemployment in three EU countries : Different strategies, different results? In: International journal of social welfare, Jg. 28, H. 4, S. 380-393. DOI:10.1111/ijsw.12381

Abstract

"During the economic crisis, youth unemployment grew exponentially in many European countries. It was argued that countries with a high level of firm involvement in the provision of initial vocational training were better equipped to address this problem. Boosting workplace-based training was therefore seen as the right strategy to tackle unemployment. Using Denmark, Spain and the UK as case studies, this article analyses how countries with different skill formation systems have improved this type of training. While the UK reinforced the voluntaristic character of its training regime, Denmark improved the quality of its vocational education, and Spain made reforms to the training and apprenticeship contract. Interestingly, the countries achieved different results. To explain this divergence, it is argued that while the reforms made in the UK and Denmark were compatible with the national institutions and coordination mechanisms, this was not the case in Spain, where reforms were implemented in a non-complementary way. Key Practitioner Message: After the economic crisis it was argued that countries with a high level of firm involvement in the provision of initial VET were better equipped to fight youth unemployment. The study analysed how countries with different skill formation systems improved this type of training and assessed their relative success. The article shows that when implementing reforms policy makers must take into account the institutions and mechanisms of coordination that prevail in each country. Otherwise, reforms may be unsuccessful. " (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

Zitatform

Pastore, Francesco & Marco Pompili (2019): Assessing the impact of off- and on-the-job training on employment outcomes. A counterfactual evaluation of the PIPOL program. (GLO discussion paper / Global Labor Organization 333), Maastricht, 27 S.

Abstract

"This evaluation study aims to assess the impact of PIPOL, an integrated program of active labor policies, on the employment integration of benefit recipients. To address the issue, we have resorted to a counterfactual approach with data from two main sources: the program administration and compulsory communications on employment and unemployment spells. We found a net impact of +5pp on average; we found positive effects for on-the-job training, but no impact for off-the-job training. On-the-job training also affects the probability to find permanent work (+3pp). This is consistent with the view that young people have excellent theoretical, but very little work-related competences. Off-the-job training does affect the probability to experience at least one labor contract after 2016. These results are partly due to a lock-in effect, namely the tendency of those who attend training programs to delay their job search. Interestingly, we found that the program has a different impact for different typologies of recipients and different types of intervention. In a nutshell, active labor policy works when it generates work-related competences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Rodríguez-Modroño, Paula (2019): Youth unemployment, NEETs and structural inequality in Spain. In: International journal of manpower, Jg. 40, H. 3, S. 433-448. DOI:10.1108/IJM-03-2018-0098

Abstract

"Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply an intersectional analysis to assess the impact of structural factors on the risk of being a NEET for youth in Spain. The author study if inequalities have changed after the economic crisis, once youth policies designed to improve the Spanish school-to-work transition (SWT) system were implemented.
Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on microdata from the Spanish Survey on Income and Living Conditions, the paper compares the probability of becoming not in employment, education or training (NEET) of young men and women born inside or outside Spain and living in different types of households.
Findings
Although unemployment rates have improved since the end of the crisis, the situation regarding youth employment, poverty and inequalities remains challenging. Gender and other structural differences are usually ignored in policy debates and in the measures adopted to fight youth unemployment, leading to the persistance of inequalities.
Research limitations/implications
The analysis illustrates new lines and trajectories in the segmentation of youth labor markets along the lines of gender, household and country of origin.
Practical implications
The findings highlight the need for introducing an analysis of the different sources of vulnerability in policy designs in order to promote a real and sustainable change in SWTs.
Originality/value
The contribution of this research to the literature on NEET and SWT is to introduce a framework that allows for the intersectional analysis of gender and other structural inequalities." (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group) ((en))

Zitatform

Sansale, Rebecca, Stephen B. DeLoach & Mark Kurt (2019): Unemployment duration and the personalities of young adults workers. In: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, Jg. 79, H. April, S. 1-11. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2019.01.002

Abstract

"As in many countries, young adult workers in the United States have experienced tremendous employment volatility in recent years. In this paper, we examine the role personality plays in determining the duration of unemployment among young adults in the United States between 2008 and 2015. Evidence from estimation of a Competing Risks Model shows that when faced with unemployment, conscientious individuals are significantly more likely to find employment. Individuals scoring higher in neuroticism are more likely to leave the workforce and less likely to go back to school, while more agreeable individuals are more likely to go back to school. Because personality remains malleable for young adults, these results have implications for the literature related to job-search behavior as well as for educational and job-training programs." (Author's abstract, © 2019 Elsevier) ((en))

Zitatform

Schels, Brigitte, Hans Dietrich, Anette Haas, Vasilis Angelis & Annie Tubadji (2019): On the extremes: poverty of young adults in Greece and Germany (2008 - 2012). In: M. Grimm, B. Ertugrul & U. Bauer (Hrsg.) (2019): Children and adolescents in times of crises in Europe, S. 81-103, 2018-07-07. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-16331-0_6

Abstract

"This article investigates changes in the poverty risks of 18- to 29-year-olds in Greece and Germany after the Great Recession. The authors discuss the two countries as examples for different welfare state regimes, Germany as an example for a conservative welfare state and Greece for a sub-protective welfare state. After 2008, Greece was one of the European countries to experience a particularly hard economic recession. In contrast, the consequences of the recession in Germany were weak and only of short duration. Given these different contexts, the authors investigate the differences in young people's poverty risks and similarities across place and time. The authors draw on results from descriptive analyses, multivariate regression and decomposition analyses which show that young adults in Greece experienced impoverishment over time, while the poverty risks of young adults in Germany were rather stable. Among other things, their studies show that the employment intensity of the household is the major influencing factor in both countries. In both countries, the associations between the employment intensity of the household and relative income poverty seem to be stronger than between employment intensity and severe material deprivation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Schäfer, Holger (2019): Jugendarbeitslosigkeit in Europa: Besserung in Sicht. (IW-Kurzberichte / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2019,51), Köln, 3 S.

Abstract

"Die Jugendarbeitslosigkeit stieg nach der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise im Jahr 2009 in den meisten europäischen Ländern stark an, zum Teil lag die Arbeitslosenquote bei über 40 Prozent. Aussagekräftiger ist allerdings der Anteil der Jugendlichen, die nicht beschäftigt und nicht im Bildungssystem sind. Dieser ist weit niedriger. Zudem sinkt die Beschäftigungslosigkeit von Jugendlichen seit einigen Jahren wieder deutlich." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Selenko, Eva & Kerstin Pils (2019): The after-effects of youth unemployment. More vulnerable persons are less likely to succeed in Youth Guarantee programmes. In: Economic and Industrial Democracy, Jg. 40, H. 2, S. 282-300. DOI:10.1177/0143831X16653186

Abstract

"This article investigates unemployed adolescents' success in re-employment programmes. It proposes that not being in employment, education, or training indicates a setback in the achievement of important life goals, which affects mental health and success in re-employment programmes. Adolescents who are more affected by the experience of unemployment will be even less likely to succeed. An analysis of longitudinal archival records of 300 adolescents in a Youth Guarantee apprenticeship scheme confirms the expectations. Adolescents who were more vulnerable during unemployment and who had a worse relationship with their parents when starting the apprenticeship were more likely to drop out within the first year. The effect of age was moderated by relationship quality. The results show that taking the prior experience of not being in employment, education and training into account can offer a new understanding for the success of re-employment programmes. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Strittmatter, Anthony (2019): Heterogeneous earnings effects of the job corps by gender. A translated quantile approach. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 61. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2019.101760

Abstract

"Several studies of the Job Corps tend to find more positive earnings effects for males than for females. This effect heterogeneity favouring males contrasts with the results of the majority of other training programmes’ evaluations. Applying the translated quantile approach of Bitler, Hoynes, and Domina (2014), I investigate a potential mechanism behind the surprising findings for the Job Corps. My results provide suggestive evidence that the effect of heterogeneity by gender operates through existing gender earnings inequality rather than Job Corps trainability differences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2020 Elsevier) ((en))

Zitatform

Symeonaki, Maria, Dimitrios Parsanoglou & Glykeria Stamatopoulou (2019): The evolution of early job insecurity in Europe. In: SAGE Open, Jg. 9, H. 2, S. 1-23. DOI:10.1177/2158244019845187

Abstract

"The present study proposes a meaningful multidimensional index of early job insecurity for European countries based on raw micro-data drawn from the European Union's Labor Force Survey (EU-LFS), and captures its evolution over time, before and during the years of the post - 2008 economic crisis. More specifically, a number of different indicators capturing various domains of early job insecurity are estimated, utilizing the data behind the EU-LFS survey for all European Union (EU) member states. These indicators are then composed into a single indicator of early job insecurity, which is used to apprehend and compare the degree of early job insecurity in EU member states, during these years. The proposed indicator captures the whole range of early job insecurity aspects, such as labor market conditions, job quality, school-to-work transitions, and job security, in an overall measurement providing a way of estimating and comparing early job insecurity among different countries. The results uncover the considerable differences between EU countries when early job insecurity is considered. Moreover, countries are ranked according to the degrees of early job insecurity for the years 2008-2014." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Tosun, Jale, Oliver Treib & Fabrizio De Francesco (2019): The impact of the European Youth Guarantee on active labour market policies. A convergence analysis. In: International journal of social welfare, Jg. 28, H. 4, S. 358-368. DOI:10.1111/ijsw.12375

Abstract

"The European Union's (EU) Youth Guarantee aims to improve the labour market situation of young people. Rather than prescribing a uniform policy model, it acknowledges that supportive measures need to align with national, regional and local circumstances. It thus seeks to promote mutual policy learning through the open method of coordination. As an innovative measure, the EU has deployed funding programmes to support the domestic measures related to the Youth Guarantee. We therefore examined in this study whether this mix of recommendations and financial incentives has entailed a convergence of member state policies. Our analysis of policy outputs for the period 2007-2014 yields a mixed empirical picture. There is catching-up convergence regarding policies' sectoral coverage but increasing divergence concerning the number of adopted policy instruments. The first two years of financial incentives did not produce any effect on enhancing policy experimentation among less active member states. We offer an optimistic and a pessimistic interpretation of these findings." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

Zitatform

Tsekoura, Maria (2019): A case study analysis of the youth guarantee scheme implementation in Italy (Lombardy region). In: Young. Nordic Journal of Youth Research, Jg. 27, H. 5, S. 486-501. DOI:10.1177/1103308818817891

Abstract

"Using the implementation of the Youth Guarantee (YG) in the Italian context (Lombardy) as its point of departure, this article exemplifies the introduction of the YG scheme in national realities. Through review of relevant policy documents, the article identifies a contradiction between the policy model implied through the YG that builds upon a concept of active citizenship and an employment context that in reality offers limited structural opportunities for the enactment of these principles during processes of youth transition. This article will argue that initiatives for youth employment that are de-contextualized and lack a clear vision of youth lives can reinforce the existing order and power imbalances as they offer limited support for young people to develop a sense of success, self-determination and agency in terms of employability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Umkehrer, Matthias (2019): The impact of declining youth employment stability on future wages. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 56, H. 2, S. 619-650., 2017-11-08. DOI:10.1007/s00181-018-1444-5

Abstract

"Has the early career become less stable during the 1980s and 1990s? And does a lack of early-career employment stability inhibit wage growth? I analyze exceptionally rich administrative data on male graduates from Germany's dual education system to shed more light on these important questions. The data indicate a decline in youth employment durations since the late 1970s, limited to already relatively short durations. Controlling for endogeneity of employment in youth with training firm fixed effects and by exploiting institutional variation in the timing of nationwide macroeconomic shocks, I find significant returns to early-career employment stability in terms of higher wages in adulthood. These returns decline not only across the wage distribution, but also with cohort age. The findings suggest less stable employment in the early years of a career to have become increasingly costly during the 1990s for the least advantaged workers." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

Zitatform

Verd, Joan Miquel, Oriol Barranco & Mireia Bolíbar (2019): Youth unemployment and employment trajectories in Spain during the Great Recession. What are the determinants? In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 53, S. 1-20. DOI:10.1186/s12651-019-0254-3

Abstract

"Since the beginning of the recession period in Europe, unemployment has greatly affected the young adult population. In this context, Spain is regarded as an extreme case, due to its exceptionally high youth unemployment rates. This article seeks to identify the determinants that have led certain groups of Spanish young people to suffer labour market trajectories with higher levels of unemployment and instability during the Great Recession than others. To do this, retrospective data from the 2012 Catalan Youth Survey are used. With these data and using cluster analysis, a typology of labour market trajectories is constructed. Next, multinomial logistic regressions are used to identify what individual socio-demographic characteristics and pre-crisis employment experiences are connected to these different typological career paths. Results show that the highly differentiated career paths are associated with different social profiles and differences in the presence of unemployment. Moreover, interesting differences among the most unstable career paths appear. For the most vulnerable social profiles the employment trajectory prior to the crisis seems to point towards the existence of an entrapment in low-skilled jobs that alternate with situations of unemployment. For those with a slightly better position their employment situation after the initiation of the crisis seems to have been impacted by their brief labour market trajectory before the crisis and their resulting work experience gap." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Zuccotti, Carolina V. & Jacqueline O'Reilly (2019): Ethnicity, Gender and Household Effects on Becoming NEET. An Intersectional Analysis. In: Work, employment and society, Jg. 33, H. 3, S. 351-373. DOI:10.1177/0950017017738945

Abstract

"Surprisingly little attention has been given to an integrated understanding of the interaction between ethnicity, gender and parental household's employment status affecting young people's educational and labour market outcomes. Drawing on data from Understanding Society, the article compares youth probabilities of becoming NEET (not in employment, education or training) in the UK, focusing on the outcomes for young men and women from different ethnic groups and from four types of 'households of origin': workless, one-earner, single-parent-earner and two-earner. The article shows that while, on average, young people with workless parents have a higher likelihood of becoming NEET compared to individuals from households with at least one employed parent, this does not apply universally to all ethnic minority groups, nor equally to young men and women. Having workless parents is much less detrimental for second-generation Indian and African men, and for second-generation Bangladeshi men and women, than for white British individuals. An intersectional analysis illustrates the universal and differentiated effects of disadvantage among youth." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

(2019): Beschäftigungsinitiative für junge Menschen - Effizienz der eingesetzten EU-Fördermittel. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion der AfD (Drucksache 19/10819). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 19/11552 (12.07.2019)), 19 S.

Abstract

Die Bundesregierung antwortet auf die Anfrage der Fraktion der AfD zum Thema Beschäftigungsinitiative für junge Menschen - Effizienz der eingesetzten EU-Fördermittel. (IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

(2019): Zukunft und Weiterentwicklung der Berufseinstiegsbegleitung. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/9072). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 19/9679 (24.04.2019)), 7 S.

Zitatform

Anghel, Liliana-Luminita & John McGrath (2018): Implementation of the Youth Guarantee by the Public Employment Services. Success factors and key challenges. (Social Europe), Brüssel, 70 S. DOI:10.2767/052550

Abstract

"''A new study on the Youth Guarantee in light of changes in the world of work looks at the implementation of the Youth Guarantee and emerging challenges related to young people's transition into the labour market, with a particular focus on changes in the world of work. These changes relate to increasingly complex school-to-work transitions and new challenges arising from rapid technological developments that may affect the labour market prospects of young people.
Public Employment Services are central players in the implementation of the Youth Guarantee. They cover a wide range of responsibilities in management, coordination and direct service provision, being the main providers of employment interventions. A new study on the implementation of the Youth Guarantee by the Public Employment Services discusses the success factors and key challenges that Public Employment Services experience in the delivery of the Youth Guarantee. The study is based on six country case studies (Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Lithuania, Portugal and Sweden).
The study comes up with a number of recommendations to improve the implementation of the Youth Guarantee by the Public Employment Services, including:
- the creation of a national Youth Guarantee coordination committee
- more flexibility regarding the provision of offers
- holistic service provision for young people
- pro-active outreach
- early career-guidance
- additional indicators
- and better tracking systems." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Axelrad, Hila, Miki Malul & Israel Luski (2018): Unemployment among younger and older individuals. Does conventional data about unemployment tell us the whole story? In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 52, S. 1-12. DOI:10.1186/s12651-018-0237-9

Abstract

"In this research we show that workers aged 30 - 44 were significantly more likely than those aged 45 - 59 to find a job a year after being unemployed. The main contribution is demonstrating empirically that since older workers' difficulties are related to their age, while for younger individuals the difficulties are more related to the business cycle, policy makers must devise different programs to address unemployment among young and older individuals. The solution to youth unemployment is the creation of more jobs, and combining differential minimum wage levels and earned income tax credits might improve the rate of employment for older individuals." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

Zitatform

Balcazar, Fabricio E., Jessica Awsumb, Shawn Dimpfl, F. L. Fredrik G. Langi & Jazmin Lara (2018): Jobs for youth program. An intervention to improve transition outcomes of former dropout minority youth. In: Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, Jg. 41, H. 3, S. 166-174. DOI:10.1177/2165143417747225

Abstract

"This study describes an intervention developed to implement several best transition practices with a high risk/high need population. In all, 116 students with disabilities from a charter school for dropouts participated. All students were interviewed at different points in time to track their progress as they completed the program. Records of participant's activities and outcomes were collected. Results suggest a positive impact on students' graduation rate (95%), enrollment in vocational rehabilitation (100%), proportion of students obtaining certificates for employment (56%), and paid internship (37%). Overall, 35% of the vocational rehabilitation cases were closed successfully with students meeting the 90-day employment requirement after graduation. Results inform future work on the implementation of interventions designed to help low-income minority youth with disabilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Basedow, Andrea (2018): Traumafolgen als Vermittlungshemmnis. In: Innovative Verwaltung, Jg. 67, H. 2, S. 42-48.

Abstract

"Junge Menschen, die durch ein Trauma belastet sind, haben es beim Übergang von der Schule in den Beruf oft schwer.
Der Beitrag nimmt Bezug auf den aktuellen Forschungsstand der Psychotraumatologie und Traumapädagogik und beschreibt die Probleme, die infolge komplexer Traumatisierungen entstehen können. Er geht der Frage nach, wie die Integration in den Arbeitsmarkt trotz traumabedingter Belastungen gelingen kann und erläutert traumapädagogische Ansätze zur Bewältigung der Statuspassage." (Autorenreferat, IAB Doku)

Zitatform

Besse, Christine, Philippe Handschin, Koorosh Massoudi, Danièle Spagnoli, Jérôme Rossier & Charles Bonsack (2018): Traits de personnalité, insertion socio-professionnelle et employabilité chez les jeunes en mesure d'insertion. In: Annales médico-psychologiques, Jg. 176, H. 1, S. 89-93. DOI:10.1016/j.amp.2017.11.002

Zitatform

Botric, Valerija & Iva Tomic (2018): EU-Mediterranean youths in the crisis. Substitution vs. income effect. In: Journal of youth studies, Jg. 21, H. 5, S. 653-668. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2017.1406073

Abstract

"The economic crisis that erupted in 2008 has had particularly adverse effects on the youth labour market outcomes in the European Union Mediterranean economies. So far little evidence is available on the reaction of the young to the adverse conditions their household members faced due to the crisis. Youths could have decided to prolong or stay in education instead of participating on the labour market (substitution effect) or they could have decided to increase their participation (income effect). By using the EU Labour Force Survey data, we explore the probability of young adults changing their labour market status from (i) inactivity to employment, (ii) inactivity to unemployment, (iii) employment to education, and (iv) unemployment to education in response to labour market outcome changes in their households: (i) both parents losing the job; (ii) one of the parents losing the job, (iii) both parents becoming inactive, (iv) one of the parents becoming inactive, and (v) both parents remaining unemployed. Estimated probit models include seven EU Mediterranean countries during the 2006-2015 period. Results support both income and substitution effect, without clear identification of the dominance of one effect over the other." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Caliendo, Marco, Jochen Kluve, Jonathan Stöterau & Stefan Tübbicke (2018): Study on the Youth Guarantee in light of changes in the world of work. Part 2, Emerging challenges related to young people's transition into the labour market. (Social Europe), Brüssel, 52 S. DOI:10.2767/508325

Abstract

"'A new study on the Youth Guarantee in light of changes in the world of work looks at the implementation of the Youth Guarantee and emerging challenges related to young people's transition into the labour market, with a particular focus on changes in the world of work. These changes relate to increasingly complex school-to-work transitions and new challenges arising from rapid technological developments that may affect the labour market prospects of young people.
The second part provides a comprehensive overview of the current and future challenges for youth in the labour market, looks at how these challenges will affect different groups of young people and examines the potential role of public policies in addressing them." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Caliendo, Marco, Jochen Kluve, Jonathan Stöterau & Stefan Tübbicke (2018): Study on the Youth Guarantee in light of changes in the world of work. Part 1, Youth Guarantee: Intervention models, sustainability and relevance. (Social Europe), Brüssel, 58 S. DOI:10.2767/371432

Abstract

"A new study on the Youth Guarantee in light of changes in the world of work looks at the implementation of the Youth Guarantee and emerging challenges related to young people's transition into the labour market, with a particular focus on changes in the world of work. These changes relate to increasingly complex school-to-work transitions and new challenges arising from rapid technological developments that may affect the labour market prospects of young people.
The first part of the study identifies key aspects of Youth Guarantee implementation and develops a Youth Guarantee typology. The overall findings highlight the role of EU funding, the increased spending on active labour market policies in some Member States and the introduction of reforms to national youth employment policies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Caroleo, Floro Ernesto, Olga Demidova, Enrico Marelli & Marcello Signorelli (Hrsg.) (2018): Young people and the labour market. A comparative perspective. (Routledge Studies in labour economics), Abingdon: Routledge, 266 S.

Abstract

"Young people are a vulnerable category of workers, finding themselves in a delicate phase of their working life: their first entry into the labour market. In many European countries, youngsters are unemployed or have difficulty finding and obtaining jobs. This situation has deteriorated particularly after the crises, recessions and stagnation that has impacted European economies in recent years. In addition to the cyclical or crisis impact, structural factors are also very important. Additionally, prolonged crises, as in some Eurozone countries, have transformed a significant part of cyclical unemployment in structural (long term) unemployment.
Young People and the Labour Market: A Comparative Perspective explores the condition of young people in the labour market. The authors present new evidence from several countries, with a special focus on Europe, and offer a comparative perspective. They investigate questions such as which structural conditions and labour market institutions guarantee better youth performance, which education systems and school-to-work processes are more effective and in which countries is gender differentiation less of an issue. All of the aforementioned, as well as many other comparisons which the authors make, are significant in helping to facilitate the successful design of labour and education policies." (Publisher's text, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Conrads, Ralph, Thomas Freiling & Angela Ulrich (2018): Wissenschaftliche Begleitstudie "Assistierte Ausbildung". Kurzfassung der Forschungsergebnisse. Mannheim ; Schwerin, 24 S.

Abstract

"Der Verwaltungsrat sowie der Vorstand der Bundesagentur für Arbeit (BA) beauftragten im Juli 2017 die Hochschule der Bundesagentur für Arbeit (HdBA) mit der Durchführung einer Begleitstudie zur Evaluation der Assistierten Ausbildung (AsA). Wesentliches Ziel der Studie ist die Generierung einer objektivierten Datenbasis als Grundlage für die Ableitung von Weiterentwicklungsimpulsen und zur Gewinnung vertiefter Erkenntnisse zur Fortführung der AsA. Besonders zu berücksichtigen sind hierbei die Praxiserfahrungen der Beteiligten. Die Ergebnisse sollen Rückschlüsse auf die bisherige Durchführung zulassen und einen Beitrag zur Modifizierung und inhaltlichen Neuausrichtung eines weiterführenden Instruments zur Ausbildungsbegleitung leisten. Im Forschungsbericht wurde darauf Wert gelegt, die befragten Interview- und Praxispartnerinnen und -partner möglichst authentisch zu Wort kommen zu lassen. Zitate aus den Interviews werden daher zur Bebilderung der Ergebnisse verwendet." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Curth, Anette (2018): Continued education offers under the Youth Guarantee. Experience from the ground. (Social Europe), Brüssel, 42 S. DOI:10.2767/885331

Abstract

"Since its launch in 2013, the Youth Guarantee has supported millions of young people across the European Union to find a job, a traineeship, an apprenticeship or to continue in education. Yet despite this, too many young Europeans are still without work. Across the EU, more effort is needed so that all young people can benefit from quality offers under the Youth Guarantee.
This report looks at the role of education and training in developing the relevant skills of young people, and thus supporting them in their transition into employment. It is one in a series of five reports on Youth Guarantee delivery, presenting existing practices from the ground from the first five years of its implementation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Demetriades, Stavroula (2018): Youth in Greece. (Eurofound ad hoc report), Dublin, 14 S. DOI:10.2806/879954

Abstract

"The purpose of this short report is to provide a synthesis of Eurofound data and analysis regarding the situation of young people in Greece for the Greek government. The recent economic crisis has exacerbated the problem of youth integration in the labour market in the EU and Greece has been disproportionately affected. While youth unemployment in the country has long been part of the policy debate, conditions today are very different to those prior to the crisis. The economic crisis, socioeconomic developments, globalisation, and the pervasive effect of information technology and digitalisation have all changed labour market characteristics. Young people's transitions to adulthood and the labour market follow different trajectories and have become more complex." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Dietrich, Hans (2018): European youth unemployment in the aftermath of the Great Recession. In: IAB-Forum H. 02.07.2018, o. Sz., 2018-06-26.

Abstract

"As a consequence of the Great Recession, starting in most European countries in 2009, the number of unemployed young people increased significantly. Using 2008 as the reference point, where most European countries were performing quite well economically, the total number of unemployed young people aged 15 to 24 years was 4.2 million according to Eurostat. In the recession years European youth unemployment rose to 5.6 million in 2012 and declined thereafter to 3.8 million in 2017. However, the development of youth unemployment figures differs across Europe. Whilst the majority of European countries recovered in terms of youth unemployment, some countries are still suffering." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Dietrich, Hans, Annie Tubadji, Brigitte Schels, Anette Haas, Ioanna Tsokas, Vasilis Angelis & Katerina Dimaki (2018): Youth unemployment and the transition from school to work in Germany and Greece. In: F. E. Caroleo, O. Demidova, E. Marelli & M. Signorelli (Hrsg.) (2018): Young people and the labour market : a comparative perspective, S. 127-157.

Abstract

"In summary, the current chapter presents a descriptive analysis and logistic regression models with average marginal effects presented for Greece and Germany. Based on the extensive micro-level data sets of the Eurostat Labour Force Survey, the analysis explores young people's unemployment risk in Germany and Greece. In contrast to the literature, where unemployment in the youth stage (below the age of 25) is used, here, individuals' first five years on the labour market are addressed." (Excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Dvouletý, Ondřej, Monika Mühlböck, Julia Warmuth & Bernhard Kittel (2018): 'Scarred' young entrepreneurs. Exploring young adults' transition from former unemployment to self-employment. In: Journal of youth studies, Jg. 21, H. 9, S. 1159-1181. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2018.1450971

Abstract

"The recent increase in youth unemployment has major implications for the current and future development of European labour markets. Previous studies reveal the long lasting 'scarring effects' of early unemployment experience on later career prospects, including a higher probability of future unemployment or social exclusion. Self-employment is often advocated as a potential remedy for unemployment in general and youth unemployment in particular. In this study, we investigate the individual-level factors that lead young people with the 'scar' of previous unemployment to engage in self-employment. Based on a recent survey among young adults in eleven European countries, we show that previous unemployment has a significant moderating effect on other individual-level characteristics usually associated with a higher likelihood of being self-employed. While the overall propensity of self-employment is not affected by unemployment experience, the reasons for becoming one's own boss differ considerably between those young adults who have and those who have not experienced unemployment in the past." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Goglio, Valentina & Roberto Rizza (2018): Young adult occupational transition regimes in Europe. Does gender matter? In: The international journal of sociology and social policy, Jg. 38, H. 1/2, S. 130-149. DOI:10.1108/IJSSP-04-2017-0052

Abstract

"Purpose
The objective of this paper is to achieve a greater understanding of the transitions young adults experience into and out of the labor market and the influence that gender and married/cohabiting status have on employment careers.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper focuses on young adults (25-34 years old) in four European countries - Italy, Netherlands, United Kingdom and Norway - that are representative of different youth transition regimes. Using longitudinal data from EU-SILC survey (for the years 2006-2012) and event history analysis we investigate: the effect of the particular set of institutional features of each country, the effect of the cohort of entry and of gender differences in determining transitions across labour market status.
Findings
Findings show that the filter exercised by the national institutions has a selective impact on the careers of young adults, with some institutional contexts more protective than others. In this respect, the condition of inactivity emerges as an interesting finding: on one side, it mainly involves women in a partnership, on the other side it is more common in protective youth regimes, suggesting that it may be a chosen rather than suffered condition.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to existing literature by: i) focusing on a specific category, young adults from 25 to 34 years old, which is increasingly recognized as a critical stage in the life course though it receives less attention than its younger counterpart (15-24); ii) integrating the importance of family dynamics on work careers by analysing the different effects played by married/cohabiting status for men and women." (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group) ((en))

Zitatform

Hallstein Holte, Bjørn (2018): Counting and Meeting NEET Young People. Methodology, Perspective and Meaning in Research on Marginalized Youth. In: Young. Nordic Journal of Youth Research, Jg. 26, H. 1, S. 1-16. DOI:10.1177/1103308816677618

Abstract

"The concept of 'not in education, employment, or training' (NEET) has gained wide usage in youth research over the last two decades. This article reviews the concept's background and discusses how it is linked to population statistics. Drawing on literature within the fields of anthropology, sociology and educational research, as well as field research conducted in Norway, the article discusses how, by meeting young people categorized as NEET for interviews and participant observation, researchers can address other aspects of their lives than have been counted. Researchers who meet young people find that the concept means different things in everyday speech than in published research. The article concludes by suggesting how research based on meeting young people categorized as NEET can contribute to a body of knowledge that has mainly been produced by counting NEET young people." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Humm, Jakob (2018): Von der juristisch angeordneten stationären Unterbringung in die Erwerbsarbeit. Defensive und Produktive Anpassungsleistungen. Zwei Fallbeispiele. In: Soziale Passagen, Jg. 10, H. 2, S. 211-230. DOI:10.1007/s12592-018-0302-9

Abstract

"Übergänge erweisen sich in vielen Fällen als krisenhafte Momente, in welchen gesellschaftliche Anforderungen und subjektive Möglichkeiten in konkreten Situationen ausgehandelt werden müssen, was in besonderem Maße auch für den ersten Eintritt in den Arbeitsmarkt gilt. Dies ist die Ausgangslage, von welcher aus die Integrationsprozesse ehemals strafrechtlich sanktionierter Jugendlicher in die Erwerbsarbeit dargestellt werden. Grundlage dafür sind teilnarrative Interviews, welche im Rahmen einer Längsschnittstudie in der Schweiz erhoben werden konnten. Es zeigt sich dabei, dass alle interviewten Jugendlichen der Erwerbsarbeit einen hohen Stellenwert beimessen, auch wenn das Finden einer stimmigen Anstellung sich in vielen Fällen als hindernisreich erweist. Diese Passungsprozesse sind oft verbunden mit Revisionen der Wünsche und Ziele, wobei letztlich aber der Anspruch bleibt, in der Erwerbsarbeit zu verbleiben. Dieses Schaffen von Passungsverhältnissen scheint sich für die ehemals sanktionierten Jugendlichen nicht kategorisch zu unterscheiden von den Schwierigkeiten anderer, nicht strafrechtlich belangter aber anderweitig belasteter Arbeitssuchender. Der vorliegende Artikel zeigt anhand von zwei ausgewählten Fallbeispielen auf, in welcher Art und Weise Entlassene versuchen, Sinn in Erwerbsarbeit für sich herzustellen." (Autorenreferat, © Springer-Verlag)

Zitatform

(2018): Jugendmobilität als europäische Strategie. Wer und was bewegt Jugendliche? (Loccumer Protokolle 2017,66), Hildesheim: Universitätsverlag Hildesheim, 91 S. DOI:10.18442/778

Abstract

"Die Mobilität von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen in Europa - zu Bildungszwecken im engeren und weiteren Sinne, zum Kennenlernen anderer Länder und Kulturen sowie zum Sammeln erster praktischer Berufserfahrungen - kann positive Effekte für die Jugendlichen sowie die gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung Europas und seiner Mitgliedstaaten haben. Diese Mobilität zu erforschen, war Ziel des internationalen, vom EU-Rahmenprogramm für Forschung und Innovation Horizont 2020 geförderten Forschungsprojektes 'Move: Mapping mobility - pathways, institutions and structural effects of youth mobility in Europe'. Der Band dokumentiert die Ergebnisse einer Fachtagung, die dazu diente, die aus diesem Projekt resultierenden Erkenntnisse zu diskutieren und auf Lehren für die Praxis zu befragen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Marimpi, Maria & Pierre Koning (2018): Youth minimum wages and youth employment. In: IZA journal of labor policy, Jg. 7, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1186/s40173-018-0098-4

Abstract

"This paper performs a cross-country level analysis on the impact of the level of specific youth minimum wages on the labor market performance of young individuals. We use information on the use and level of youth minimum wages, as compared to the level of adult minimum wages as well as to the median wage (i.e., the Kaitz index). We complement these data with variables on the employment, labor force participation, and unemployment rates of 5-year age interval categories - all derived from the official OECD database. We distinguish between countries without minimum wages, countries with uniform minimum wages for all age groups, and countries with separate youth and adult minimum wages. Our results indicate that the relative employment rates of young individuals below the age of 25 - as compared to the older workers - in countries with youth minimum wages are close to those in countries without minimum wages at all. Turning to the smaller sample of countries with minimum wages, increases in the level of (youth) minimum wages exert a substantial negative impact on the employment rate for young individuals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

McTier, Alexander & Alan McGregor (2018): Influence of work-welfare cycling and labour market segmentation on employment histories of young long-term unemployed. In: Work, employment and society, Jg. 32, H. 1, S. 20-37. DOI:10.1177/0950017017697857

Abstract

"The onset of the 'Great Recession' from 2008 was associated with a significant increase in long-term unemployment among young people. Work - welfare cycling has been put forward as a contributory factor. Drawing on a large-scale survey of long-term unemployed young people, this article argues that segmented labour market theory provides a strong explanatory framework for understanding the nature of long-term unemployment among young people, with the literature on work - welfare cycling contributing to an understanding of one of the processes by which precarious employment impacts on employability and labour supply. A second key finding is the heterogeneous nature of the young long-term unemployed, which in turn requires policy responses more customized to the needs of the different groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Mohoric, Andrea, Nadja Konrad, Claudia Ruhland & Wolfgang Wittig (2018): Evaluation des BMWi-Förderprogramms betrieblichen Beratung zur Erhöhung der grenzüberschreitenden Mobilität von Auszubildenden und jungen Fachkräften ("Berufsbildung ohne Grenzen" - BoG). Abschlussbericht. Berlin, 96, CIII S.

Abstract

"Die Evaluation bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 2016 und 2017. Die programmeigenen Zielgrößen umfassen die Anzahl der durchgeführten Beratungen und Informationsveranstaltungen, die Anzahl der beratenen/teilnehmenden Betriebe und die durchgeführten Auslandspraktika. Auf Basis eines geeigneten Wirkungsmodells wurden eine Zielerreichungs-, Wirkungs- und Wirtschaftlichkeitskontrolle durchgeführt und auf Grundlage der Evaluationsergebnisse Handlungsempfehlungen zur Fortführung des Förderprogramms formuliert. Die Evaluation enthält methodisch eine Dokumentenanalyse und qualitative Interviews mit Akteuren. Darüber hinaus enthält sie Befragungen der Zielgruppen KMU, Auszubildende/junge Fachkräfte und Kammern auf Basis einer repräsentativen Stichprobe." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Pastore, Francesco (2018): Why is youth unemployment so high and different across countries? Young people experience worse labor market outcomes than adults worldwide but the difference varies greatly internationally. (IZA world of labor 420), Bonn, 11 S. DOI:10.15185/izawol.420

Abstract

"Ungeachtet eines kontinuierlich steigenden Bildungsniveaus sehen sich junge Menschen im Vergleich zu Älteren immer noch mit weniger Beschäftigung und Einkommen, niedrigeren Erwerbsquoten und deutlich höherer Arbeitslosigkeit konfrontiert. Der Anteil der Sekundar- und Hochschulabsolventen, die Jobs unterhalb ihres Qualifikationsniveaus annehmen, ist in vielen Ländern sehr hoch. Hauptgrund dafür ist das geringe Niveau arbeitsbezogene Kompetenzen junger Menschen. Diese Befähigungen zu schaffen, sollte für moderne Bildungssysteme oberste Priorität haben. Flexiblere Arbeitsmärkte sollten einen früheren Eintritt in den Arbeitsmarkt ermöglichen, sich jedoch nicht nur auf befristete Verträge stützen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Pisoni, Delia (2018): Activating the most disadvantaged youth in Switzerland. Administratively too risky, politically too costly? In: International social security review, Jg. 71, H. 4, S. 51-70. DOI:10.1111/issr.12189

Abstract

Um die Chancen der Integration junger Menschen in die Arbeitsmärkte der heutigen europäischen Wissensgesellschaften zu erhöhen, setzen viele politische Systeme auf eine Investition in das Humankapital der Jugend. Da man davon ausgeht, dass Berufslehrsysteme den Übergang von der Schule in die Arbeitswelt vereinfachen, scheint dies ein besonders vielversprechender Weg zu sein. Untersuchungen zeigten jedoch, dass die am stärksten benachteiligten Mitglieder der Gesellschaft von der Sozialpolitik oft nicht erreicht werden. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, die Gründe und Mechanismen dieses Phänomens mit dem Namen Matthäus-Effekt anhand einer einzigen eingebetteten Fallstudie eines Berufsbildungs- und Ausbildungsprogramms für benachteiligte junge Menschen in der Schweiz zu beleuchten. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass die Kundendienstmitarbeiter oft Praktiken des Rosinenpickens anwenden, um die strikten Beurteilungskriterien einhalten zu können. Die Verteilung von Haushaltsmitteln gemäß einer politisch-administrativen Logik fördert solche Praktiken, die angewendet werden, um solide Ergebnisse zu erzielen, damit wiederum die politische und damit finanzielle Unterstützung erhalten bleibt." (Autorenreferat, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons)

Zitatform

Schels, Brigitte (2018): Young adults' risk of long-term benefit receipt and parents' socioeconomic background. In: Acta sociologica, Jg. 61, H. 1, S. 17-33., 2016-09-14. DOI:10.1177/0001699316681828

Abstract

"This study investigates social differences in the risk of long-term benefit receipt of young adults in Germany. Although employment is a major route to end social benefit receipt, it may not result in financial independence for all social groups in their early working lives as this also depends on the status of their parents: Do young benefit recipients have unequal chances of making the transition from benefit receipt as soon as they take up employment? How stable is the impact of parents' socioeconomic status on the transition once young adults complete their vocational education? This study conducts an empirical analysis of the careers of a cohort of 18-to-24-year-old Germans who received benefits in 2005 by combining survey data and register data for a six-year observation period. Event history analyses indicate that social differences persist when young adults claim social benefits. In particular, parents' socioeconomic status is positively associated with their offspring's likelihood of ending receipt of social benefits as soon as they are in full-time employment. Parents' socioeconomic status has a relatively stable impact for young beneficiaries irrespective of whether they have completed vocational qualifications or not. The findings suggest that these social differences persist during early working life." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Schmillen, Achim & Matthias Umkehrer (2018): The scars of youth. Effects of early-career unemployment on future unemployment experience. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 156, H. 3/4, S. 465-494., 2016-12-01. DOI:10.1111/ilr.12079

Abstract

"Does early-career unemployment cause future unemployment? The authors approach this question using German administrative matched employer - employee data that track almost 700,000 individuals over 24 years. Instrumenting early-career unemployment with firm-specific labour demand shocks, they find significant and long-lasting 'scarring effects'. In the mean, each additional day of unemployment during the first eight years on the labour market increases unemployment in the following 16 years by half a day. However, quantile regressions show that the scarring effects are much stronger for individuals who already suffer from lengthy and repeated spells of unemployment." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

Zitatform

Schropp, Helen (2018): Glücksförderung lohnt sich! Wer benachteiligten Jugendlichen den Weg ins Erwerbsleben erleichtern will, muss positive Impulse setzen. In: IAB-Forum H. 02.02.2018, o. Sz.

Abstract

"Junge Menschen, denen der Übergang von der Schule in Ausbildung oder Arbeit misslingt, weisen nicht selten verhaltensbezogene, emotionale und kognitive Probleme auf. Fördermaßnahmen, die individuelle Potenziale stärken, können in diesen Fällen wertvolle Impulse für eine positive Entwicklung geben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)