Gender und Arbeitsmarkt
Das Themendossier "Gender und Arbeitsmarkt" bietet wissenschaftliche und politiknahe Veröffentlichungen zu den Themen Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen und Männern, Müttern und Vätern, Berufsrückkehrenden, Betreuung/Pflege und Arbeitsteilung in der Familie, Work-Life-Management, Determinanten der Erwerbsbeteiligung, geschlechtsspezifische Lohnunterschiede, familien- und steuerpolitische Regelungen sowie Arbeitsmarktpolitik für Frauen und Männer.
Mit dem Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
- Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen
- Erwerbsbeteiligung von Männern
- Kinderbetreuung und Pflege
- Berufliche Geschlechtersegregation
- Berufsrückkehr – Wiedereinstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt
- Dual-Career-Couples
- Work-Life
- Geschlechtsspezifische Lohnunterschiede
- Familienpolitische Rahmenbedingungen
- Aktive/aktivierende Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Arbeitslosigkeit und passive Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- geografischer Bezug
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Literaturhinweis
Maintaining a Sustainable Work-Life Balance: An Interdisciplinary Path to a Better Future (2024)
Zitatform
Kruyen, Peter M., Stéfanie André & Beatrice Van der Heijden (Hrsg.) (2024): Maintaining a Sustainable Work-Life Balance. An Interdisciplinary Path to a Better Future. (New Horizons in Management series), Boca Raton: Elgar, 260 S. DOI:10.4337/9781803922348
Abstract
"This thought-provoking book provides a detailed exploration of work–life balance, considering the perspectives of specific groups such as parents, academics, the self-employed, and migrants. Moreover, it sheds more light on the dynamics of self-care, childcare as well as informal care. Collaborative and interdisciplinary in its approach, featuring researchers ranging from quantitative to interpretative scholars, it highlights the importance of a sustainable work–life balance and the instruments needed to improve this. Focusing on both working arrangements and life events, this book assembles a diverse range of researchers to provide a holistic understanding of work–life balance, with chapters covering the organizational aspects of work-life balance and the effects of digitalization. The authors analyse the experiences of working parents and how work–life balance changes after retirement, and provide diagnostic instructions for employees and employers to re-organize the way they work across the life-span in order to maintain and enhance work–life balance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elgar) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Defamilization? Not for everyone. Unequal labor-market participation among informal caregivers in Europe (2024)
Zitatform
Laschinski, Miriam (2024): Defamilization? Not for everyone. Unequal labor-market participation among informal caregivers in Europe. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 34, H. 4, S. 419-436. DOI:10.1177/09589287241251990
Abstract
"Growing care dependencies among the elderly due to population ageing in Europe challenge the labor-market participation of informal caregivers. While familiarized care regimes incentivize family caregiving by providing many cash-for-care-benefits, resulting in reduced labor supply, defamiliarized care regimes allocate more public spending to care infrastructure, alleviating the care responsibilities placed on family members. At the same time, care provision on the micro-level is distributed unequally across gender, age, and socioeconomic status. The question then emerges: Does the labor-market participation of informal caregivers vary between and within countries depending on the social-expenditure policy of welfare states? To answer this research question, a multilevel design was used, employing SHARE data and macro-indicators from OECD and Eurostat databases. The results reveal higher probabilities of labour-market participation for informal caregivers in general when social expenditures on formal care infrastructure are higher. However, labor-market participation was observed as being unequally distributed among the heterogeneous group of persons with and without caregiving duties. Women and individuals of lower socioeconomic status did not benefit from social expenditures in the same way as their counterparts, leading to lower levels of labor-market participation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The interactive effect of maternity leaves and child care enrollment on maternal employment (2024)
Zitatform
Lee, Sung-Tae & Sun-Moon Jung (2024): The interactive effect of maternity leaves and child care enrollment on maternal employment. In: Economic analysis and policy, Jg. 84, S. 344-353. DOI:10.1016/j.eap.2024.08.034
Abstract
"This cross-country empirical research investigates the impact of maternity leaves and the child care enrollment rates on increasing maternal employment. By analyzing data from OECD countries with country-fixed effects, we find that the child care enrollment for 0–2 year olds increases the maternity employment rate. We confirm an inverted U-shaped relationship between the maternity leave duration and the maternity employment rate, as evidenced in prior studies. More interestingly, we find that an interaction term between child care enrollment and maternity leave duration is significantly positive, suggesting that two variables play a complement role in enhancing maternal employment rate. By examining the independent and complementary effects of extended maternity leave and child care enrollment rates, our study suggests that their combined use significantly enhances maternal employment rates, highlighting a complementary relationship that policymakers should consider to support working mothers effectively." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, ©2024 Economic Society of Australia (Queensland)) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gendered Parenthood-Employment Gaps from Midlife: A Demographic Perspective Across Three Different Welfare Systems (2024)
Zitatform
Lorenti, Angelo, Jessica Nisén, Letizia Mencarini & Mikko Myrskylä (2024): Gendered Parenthood-Employment Gaps from Midlife: A Demographic Perspective Across Three Different Welfare Systems. In: European Journal of Population, Jg. 40. DOI:10.1007/s10680-024-09699-2
Abstract
"Women’s labor force participation has increased in Western countries, but gender gaps remain, especially among parents. Using a novel comparative perspective, we assess women’s and men’s employment trajectories from midlife onward by parity and education. We provide insights into the gendered parenthood-employment gaps examining the long-term implications of parenthood beyond the core childbearing ages by decomposing years lived between ages 40–74, in years of employment, joblessness, and retirement. Using multistate incidence-based life tables, we compare different cultural and institutional contexts: Finland, Italy, and the USA. Our results document large cross-national variation, with education playing a key role. In Finland, the number of years of employment increases with parity for women and men, and the gender gap is small; in the USA, the relationship between parity and years of employment is relatively flat, although a gender gap emerges among those with two or more children; in Italy, the number of years of employment decreases sharply for women as parity increases, while it increases for men. Notably, education has a similar positive impact on years of employment across all groups in Finland. In contrast, in the USA and Italy, the gender gap is only half as large among highly educated mothers as it is among low educated mothers. The employment trajectories of childless women and men differ greatly across countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Alles beim Alten: Der Gender Care Gap in der Erwerbsbevölkerung (2024)
Zitatform
Lott, Yvonne (2024): Alles beim Alten: Der Gender Care Gap in der Erwerbsbevölkerung. (WSI Policy Brief / Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliches Institut 83), Düsseldorf, 17 S.
Abstract
"Beim Gender Care Gap, also der Verteilung von unbezahlter Arbeit zwischen erwerbstätigen Frauen und Männern, ist alles beim Alten: Erwerbstätige Frauen stemmen nach wie vor den Löwenanteil an Kinderbetreuung, Pflege, Hausarbeit und Co. Insgesamt arbeiten sie durchschnittlich eine Stunde länger in der Woche als erwerbstätige Männer. Dies zeigt eine Sonderauswertung auf Basis der Zeitverwendungserhebung 2022 für die Erwerbstätigen in Deutschland." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The Cost of Fair Pay: How Child Care Work Wages Affect Formal Child Care Hours, Informal Child Care Hours, and Employment Hours (2024)
Löffler, Verena;Zitatform
Löffler, Verena (2024): The Cost of Fair Pay: How Child Care Work Wages Affect Formal Child Care Hours, Informal Child Care Hours, and Employment Hours. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 1205), Berlin, 81 S.
Abstract
"The debate on the effects of child care policies on household and individual behavior is substantial but lacks a discussion of the unintended consequences of rising wages in the child care work sector. To address this gap in the debate, the relation between rising pay and formal child care hours, informal child care hours, and employment hours is analyzed empirically with a case study on child care in Germany between 2012 and 2019. Among other findings, the evidence demonstrates that the consumption of formal child care hours of middle- and high-income households in eastern Germany correlates negatively with child care work wages, indicating price elasticity." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Grand-parenthood and retirement (2024)
Zitatform
Malisa, Amedeus (2024): Grand-parenthood and retirement. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 90. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102547
Abstract
"This paper uses Swedish administrative data to examine the impact of grandparenthood on retirement behaviour. For causal identification, I exploit conditionally random variation in the births of first grandchildren using an event study design. The results show a significant increase in the retirement probability for grandmothers and grandfathers when the first grandchild is born, with no significant differences between them. The effects of the arrival of the grandchild on retirement increase over time after the grandchild is born. The incremental effects are larger among grandparents in the upper half of the earnings distribution than among their counterparts. The findings suggest that grandparenthood makes grandfathers and grandmothers less elastic to financial incentives and other regulations that also promote longer working lives in a country with generous family policies, such as Sweden." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Caring fathers in Europe: Toward universal caregiver families? (2024)
Martínez-Pastor, Juan-Ignacio; Jurado-Guerrero, Teresa; Castellanos-Serrano, Cristina ; Fernández-Lozano, Irina ;Zitatform
Martínez-Pastor, Juan-Ignacio, Teresa Jurado-Guerrero, Irina Fernández-Lozano & Cristina Castellanos-Serrano (2024): Caring fathers in Europe: Toward universal caregiver families? In: Gender, work & organization, Jg. 31, H. 5, S. 1616-1638. DOI:10.1111/gwao.12948
Abstract
"Increasingly, men are challenging the assumption that care is a feminine task and are involving themselves in childcare and the care of dependent adults. However, this does not necessarily have consequences for their work, as they very rarely make costly adaptations in their working lives. In this study, we propose a definition of a man in care (MIC) as a working father who, in order to meet care needs, has adapted his working life in a way that potentially entails a financial penalty. We analyze the prevalence of men in care among men living with children below the age of 15 across the EU-27 plus Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, and the UK using recent representative data (the European Labour Survey and its 2018 ad hoc module on work-life balance). We find that although the number of men engaging in costly work adaptations is still very low when compared to their female counterparts, the characteristics of these men can be clearly outlined: they have a non-manual occupation (managers excluded), they have temporary contracts or are self-employed, they are partnered to women who hold jobs of 40 or more hours a week and have a high educational attainment, and they work in family-friendly companies. Also, at the context level, the prevalence of MIC is clearly related to gender equality and values. However, we do not find evidence of any country having reached the universal caregiver model proposed by Nancy Fraser, including those with more advanced gender and welfare regimes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Über die (Nicht‑) Akzeptanz in Anwesenheit des Kindes zu arbeiten. Wie Eltern das Kind und ihre elterlichen Verantwortlichkeiten konstruieren (2024)
Zitatform
Mikats, Jana (2024): Über die (Nicht‑) Akzeptanz in Anwesenheit des Kindes zu arbeiten. Wie Eltern das Kind und ihre elterlichen Verantwortlichkeiten konstruieren. In: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie, Jg. 49, H. 3, S. 439-459. DOI:10.1007/s11614-024-00574-2
Abstract
"The work-family literature suggests a contradictory relationship between working parenthood and (good) childhood, with disruptive or neglected children on the one side and absent or overburdened parents on the other. While the child occupies a complicated space in this relation, their position is rarely examined. Against this background, I explore the position of the child by turning to children’s copresence during parents’ performance of home-based paid work and ask how parents construct the child and their corresponding parental responsibilities. Following a practice-theoretical framework, I approach parents’ accounts as practices of representation in which the boundaries of what was perceived as (not) acceptable ways of doing family and work were sketched out. For this purpose, I analyzed 25 qualitative interviews with and about home-based working parents in the Austrian creative industries with positional maps. The parents had between one and three children in kindergarten or primary school. Parents’ constructions of the child were complex and ambiguous, as were the corresponding parental responsibilities. Meeting the child’s needs and not harming the child emerged as a common ground, yet the parents’ commitment to paid work was not questioned. Conversely, home-based work was seen as a way to meet both work and care demands. These findings suggest that home-based work may bridge ideas of good childhood and working parenthood. The paper contributes to an understanding of work and family that goes beyond simple dualism and offers new insights into parental home-based work, which remains relevant in the post-pandemic era." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
'It's One Rule for Them and One for Us': Occupational Classification, Gender and Worktime Domestic Labour (2024)
Zitatform
Monroe, Julie, Steve Vincent & Ana Lopes (2024): 'It's One Rule for Them and One for Us': Occupational Classification, Gender and Worktime Domestic Labour. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 38, H. 5, S. 1175-1196. DOI:10.1177/09500170241235864
Abstract
"In this article, we focus on gender and class to investigate worktime domestic labor. Methodologically, we extend a novel, comparative critical realist method in which occupation-based and gendered positions in productive and reproductive labor are foregrounded. By building theoretical connections between labor process conditions and collective rule-following practices, we illustrate how inequalities are inscribed organisationally. Our analysis provides a more critical contextualisation of technological affordances to develop the literature on how technology is implicated in the reproduction of social inequality. Moreover, our analysis identifies multi-level causal processes, which combine to explain the presence and actualisation of worktime domestic labour or its absence, which is due, principally, to fear of sanction. For realist researchers interested in diversity-based challenges, absences are important because they can point towards specific discriminatory mechanisms. Our investigation thus revealed a surprising level of class-related in-work inequality within the gendered dynamics of domestic work." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The division of housework and childcare from a dyadic perspective: Discrepancies between partners’ reports across the transition to parenthood (2024)
Zitatform
Naujoks, Tabea (2024): The division of housework and childcare from a dyadic perspective: Discrepancies between partners’ reports across the transition to parenthood. In: Demographic Research, Jg. 51, S. 927-964. DOI:10.4054/demres.2024.51.30
Abstract
"BACKGROUND There is a large body of research on the gendered division of domestic labor, but differences between women’s and men’s reported contributions to childcare and housework remain a puzzle. OBJECTIVE This study examines the reporting gap in the division of housework and childcare to understand how this gap changes across the transition to parenthood and how it is influenced by the couples’ constellations of educational and working hours. METHODS I use data from the German Family Panel (pairfam). The survey’s multi-actor design allows including both partners’ reports on the labor division. The sample consists of cohabiting different-sex couples who had their first child during the observation period, going from one year before the birth to two years after (n = 414). I employ logistic regressions to examine how the educational and working hours constellations are associated with reporting gaps. RESULTS This study reveals sizable reporting gaps in housework (45%) and childcare (38%) among couples during the transition to parenthood. Homogamous couples with tertiary education have the lowest predicted probability of reporting gaps. For the childcare reporting gap, I find that couples with a highly educated male partner and a medium or low-educated female partner exhibit the highest predicted probability of a reporting gap. The working hours constellation is unrelated to reporting gaps in either housework or childcare. CONTRIBUTION This study underscores that reporting gaps are systematically distributed, emphasizing the need for researchers to be aware of these patterns. Moreover, distinct results for housework and childcare emphasize the importance of analyzing them separately." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Max-Planck-Institut für demographische Forschung) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Eine Frage des Geschlechts? Arbeitsbedingungen aus der Perspektive von Männern und Frauen (2024)
Zitatform
Peters, Eileen (2024): Eine Frage des Geschlechts? Arbeitsbedingungen aus der Perspektive von Männern und Frauen. (FES diskurs), Bonn, 14 S.
Abstract
"Die Arbeitswelt befindet sich derzeit in einem großen Wandel. Digitalisierung, Fachkräftemangel und Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie treiben diesen stetig voran, um nur ein paar der gegenwärtigen Herausforderungen zu nennen. Das Alleinverdienermodell in Familien scheint zunehmend ausgedient zu haben, Pflege und Sorgearbeit müssen daher mit Erwerbsarbeit in Einklang gebracht werden. Doch noch immer arbeiten mehr Frauen in Teilzeit als Männer, sie übernehmen oftmals auch den größeren Anteil an Sorgearbeit und Pflege in den Familien. Wie wirken sich diese Veränderungen und Anforderungen auf die Wahrnehmung der Arbeitsbedingungen bei Frauen und Männern aus? Die vorliegende Studie zeigt, dass vor allem Frauen mit Kindern die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie als äußerst wichtiges Arbeitsmerkmal erachten. Gleichzeitig bewerten vor allem Frauen ohne Kinder ihre Arbeitsbelastungen als hoch. Der Beitrag ergänzt die aktuelle Debatte um eine moderne Arbeitswelt, die den geänderten Bedürfnissen der Arbeitnehmer:innen gerecht wird. Besonders in Zeiten des Arbeits- und Fachkräftemangels ist dies ein dringender Appell." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Multiple Dimensions of Gender Ideologies: How They Relate to Normative Judgments of the Gender Division of Parental Leave (2024)
Zitatform
Philipp, Marie-Fleur (2024): Multiple Dimensions of Gender Ideologies: How They Relate to Normative Judgments of the Gender Division of Parental Leave. In: Social Politics, Jg. 31, H. 2, S. 404-428. DOI:10.1093/sp/jxae004
Abstract
"Previous research has found that gender ideologies are multidimensional. Additionally, their influence on work–care practices depends on the context, including the life stage, presence of children, and partners ’ resources, which has received less attention. This study contributes to the understanding of the conditionality of gender ideologies by examining how dimensions of gender ideologies relate to more specific normative judgments regarding the division of parental leave and testing whether the association depends on partners’ relative earnings. I draw on data from a vignette experiment implemented in the representative German GESIS Panel and apply ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models with cluster-robust standard errors to 8,185 vignette evaluations of 2,249 respondents. More egalitarian ideologies regarding the division of employment and housework and less essentialist ideologies are associated with less traditional judgments of the division of parental leave. Support for individual choice is only associated with less traditional judgments on the condition that the mother earns more." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How Daycare Quality Shapes Norms around Daycare Use and Parental Employment: Experimental Evidence from Germany (2024)
Zitatform
Philipp, Marie-Fleur, Silke Büchau, Pia S. Schober, Viktoria Werner & C. Katharina Spieß (2024): How Daycare Quality Shapes Norms around Daycare Use and Parental Employment: Experimental Evidence from Germany. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16729), Bonn, 47 S.
Abstract
"Not only the quantity of formal daycare provision for young children, but also its quality has become an issue of political concern. This experimental study investigates how a hypothetical improvement in the quality of daycare facilities shapes normative judgements regarding daycare use and working hours norms for parents with young children in Germany. The analysis is framed using capability-based explanations combined with theoretical concepts of ideals of care and normative policy feedback theories. We draw on a factorial survey experiment implemented in 2019/2020 in the German Family Panel (pairfam) measuring underlying work-care norms for a couple with a 15-month-old child under different contextual conditions. Ordered logistic and linear multilevel regressions were conducted with 5,324 respondents. On average, high hypothetical daycare quality for young children leads respondents to recommend greater daycare use and longer working hours for mothers and fathers by about 1 hour per week. Respondents who hold more egalitarian gender beliefs, those with tertiary education, native Germans and parents tend to respond more strongly to higher daycare quality by increasing their support for full-daycare use. The results consistently point to the relevance of high quality for increasing the acceptance and subsequently take-up of formal daycare." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
With a Little Help from Nurseries. Childcare Services and Mothers' Employment in Italy (2024)
Zitatform
Puccioni, Chiara & Daniela Vuri (2024): With a Little Help from Nurseries. Childcare Services and Mothers' Employment in Italy. (CEIS Tor Vergata research papers 588), Rom, 41 S.
Abstract
"This study evaluates the impact of an Italian government initiative launched in 2007, which allocated e1 billion to regional governments to enhance early childhood care services for children aged 0-2, targeting both public and private childcare options. Exploiting variations in the timing of implementation across regions, we assess the program's effectiveness in increasing the public provision of early childcare services and maternal labor market participation. Results show a significant increase in both public childcare slots and labor market participation among mothers. However, the initiative had limited effects on less-educated women, likely due to the service's relatively high costs, which may hinder broader accessibility." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Effects of Health Shocks on Adult Children's Labor Market Outcomes and Well-Being (2024)
Zitatform
Ramirez Lizardi, Eduardo, Elisabeth Fevang, Knut Røed & Henning Øien (2024): Effects of Health Shocks on Adult Children's Labor Market Outcomes and Well-Being. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17232), Bonn, 45 S.
Abstract
"Using Norwegian administrative register data, we assess the impact of health shocks hitting lone parents, specifically stroke and hip fractures, on labor market outcomes and the well-being of adult offspring. We identify small, but statistically significant immediate responses in terms of an increase in physician-certified sickness absences and a higher risk of diagnosed mental disorders. However, these effects tend to fade out quickly, and the negative impacts on subsequent employment and earnings are small and only borderline statistically significant. In general, our results suggest that the responses to the deteriorating health of a parent tend to be short-lived and mostly manifest as temporary absences from work rather than complete detachment from the labor market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Methodenbericht der Beschäftigtenbefragung: „Die Wahl zwischen Zeit oder Geld: neue Flexibilität für eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatem?“ (2024)
Zitatform
Ruf, Kevin, Alexandra Mellies, Anja-Kristin Abendroth, Dana Müller & Olga Moths (2024): Methodenbericht der Beschäftigtenbefragung. „Die Wahl zwischen Zeit oder Geld: neue Flexibilität für eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatem?“. Bielefeld, 51 S. DOI:10.4119/unibi/2990331
Abstract
"Das von der Hans-Böckler-Stiftung geförderte Projekt „Die Wahl zwischen Zeit oder Geld: neue Flexibilität für eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatem?“ untersucht die u.a. von den Gewerkschaften IGM, IGBCE, EVG und ver.di verhandelten tariflichen Wahloptionen, bei denen sich Beschäftigte jährlich zwischen mehr Zeit oder Geld entscheiden können. Diese sind auch unter den Stichworten Wahlmodell, individuelles Zukunftskonto, Entlastungszeit, Umwandlungsoption oder T-Zug bekannt und werden im Folgenden von uns unter dem Begriff Wahloption zusammengefasst. Während die Option ‚Zeit‘ je nach Tarifvertrag zusätzliche Urlaubstage oder eine verkürzte Wochenarbeitszeit beinhaltet, aber nicht Lebenszeitkonten und Sabbaticals, umschreibt die Option ‚Geld‘ eine Sonderzahlung oder monatliche Entgelterhöhung. Die Wahloption unterscheidet sich in ihrer Ausgestaltung jedoch zwischen den jeweiligen Tarifverträgen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Making and Breaking Gender Inequalities in Work (2024)
Rönnmar, Mia; Hayter, Susan;Zitatform
Rönnmar, Mia & Susan Hayter (Hrsg.) (2024): Making and Breaking Gender Inequalities in Work. (ILERA Publication series), Boca Raton: Elgar, 206 S. DOI:10.4337/9781035337477
Abstract
"This timely book expertly analyses the persistence of gender inequalities in work. Despite the progress made through frameworks regulating work and employment relations, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed and exacerbated gender divides in labour markets. The authors present innovative ways to promote gender equality in a variety of industrial relations systems, welfare state models and labour market sectors." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elgar) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Preventing Child Maltreatment: Beneficial Side Effects of Public Childcare (2024)
Zitatform
Sandner, Malte, Stephan L. Thomsen & Libertad González (2024): Preventing Child Maltreatment: Beneficial Side Effects of Public Childcare. In: The Economic Journal, Jg. 135, H. 665, S. 321-353., 2024-07-16. DOI:10.1093/ej/ueae070
Abstract
"We investigate the impact of public childcare provision on the incidence of severe child maltreatment. For identification, we exploit a reform that expanded early childcare in Germany, generating large temporal and spatial variation in childcare coverage at the county level. Using high-quality administrative data covering all reported cases of child maltreatment in Germany by county and year, we find that an increase in childcare slots by one percentage point in a county reduced child maltreatment cases leading to out-of-home placement by about 1%. Our results suggest that the provision of universal public childcare may be more cost effective than previously thought." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Vereinbarkeit von Erwerbstätigkeit und häuslicher Pflege: Einflussfaktoren auf eine pflegebedingte Erwerbstätigkeitsreduktion und arbeitsbezogene Wünsche pflegender Angehöriger (2024)
Zitatform
Scheuermann, Julia-Sophia, Elmar Gräßel & Anna Pendergrass (2024): Vereinbarkeit von Erwerbstätigkeit und häuslicher Pflege: Einflussfaktoren auf eine pflegebedingte Erwerbstätigkeitsreduktion und arbeitsbezogene Wünsche pflegender Angehöriger. In: Das Gesundheitswesen, Jg. 86, H. S 01, S. S45-S53. DOI:10.1055/a-2191-2074
Abstract
"Hintergrund: Die Vereinbarkeit von häuslicher Pflege und Erwerbstätigkeit stellt für viele pflegende Angehörige eine Herausforderung dar. Ziele dieses Beitrags sind die Identifikation von Einflussfaktoren einer pflegebedingten Erwerbstätigkeitsreduktion und die Erfassung arbeitsbezogener Wünsche zur Verbesserung der Vereinbarkeit von Pflege und Erwerbstätigkeit pflegender Angehöriger. Methodik: Die Analysen basieren auf der Querschnittsstudie Benefits of Being a Caregiver mit 426 erwerbstätigen pflegenden Angehörigen eines pflegebedürftigen älteren Menschen. Die erhobenen Daten beziehen sich auf Charakteristika der Pflegebedürftigen, der pflegenden Angehörigen und der Pflege- sowie der Erwerbstätigkeitssituation. Die potentiellen Einflussfaktoren einer pflegebedingten Reduktion der Erwerbstätigkeit wurden mittels binär logistischer Regression analysiert. Die Wünsche zur Vereinbarkeit von häuslicher Pflege und Erwerbstätigkeit wurden mittels strukturierter Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring deskriptiv betrachtet. Ergebnisse: Ein Viertel der erwerbstätigen pflegenden Angehörigen (n=108) hat die Erwerbstätigkeit pflegebedingt reduziert. Das Profil der Einflussfaktoren für eine pflegebedingte Reduktion der Erwerbstätigkeit setzt sich aus höherem Arbeitsstundenumfang, höherem Pflegeaufwand für die Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens und Zusammenleben mit dem Pflegebedürftigen zusammen. Erwerbstätige pflegende Angehörige äußern vor allem den Wunsch nach Flexibilisierung der Arbeitszeit, Reduktion der Arbeitszeit und Entgegenkommen bei Fehltagen. Schlussfolgerungen: Durch eine externe Entlastung der pflegenden Angehörigen bei den Pflegeaktivitäten des täglichen Lebens in Form von formellen und informellen Unterstützungsangeboten kann die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer pflegebedingten Reduktion der Erwerbstätigkeit unter Umständen vermindert werden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen
- Erwerbsbeteiligung von Männern
- Kinderbetreuung und Pflege
- Berufliche Geschlechtersegregation
- Berufsrückkehr – Wiedereinstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt
- Dual-Career-Couples
- Work-Life
- Geschlechtsspezifische Lohnunterschiede
- Familienpolitische Rahmenbedingungen
- Aktive/aktivierende Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Arbeitslosigkeit und passive Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- geografischer Bezug