Berufswahl
Was will ich werden? Welche Ausbildung, welches Studium passt zu mir und bietet langfristig sichere Perspektiven auf dem Arbeitsmarkt? Die Wahl eines Berufes gehört zu den wichtigen biographischen Weichenstellungen, auch wenn sie heute keine Festlegung für ein ganzes (Berufs-)leben mehr darstellt. Sie hat Auswirkungen auf die spätere ökonomische Sicherheit, den sozialen Status und auf Chancen zur Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit.
Dieses Themendossier bietet eine Auswahl von Literatur- und Forschungsprojektnachweisen zur Berufswahlforschung in Deutschland und anderen Ländern. Sie gibt einen Überblick über theoretische Ansätze und empirische Befunde zur Erklärung des Berufswahlverhaltens, zu Motiven der Berufswahl bei besonderen Personengruppen sowie zu Bestimmungsgründen und Einflussfaktoren bei der Entscheidungsfindung.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Personenzentrierte Berufsberatung: Grundlagen, Praxis, Kritik (2025)
Griepentrog, Martin;Zitatform
Griepentrog, Martin (2025): Personenzentrierte Berufsberatung. Grundlagen, Praxis, Kritik. (Pädagogik), Bielefeld: transcript, 240 S.
Abstract
"Staatliche Berufsberatungen haben nicht immer einen guten Ruf – zu Recht? Martin Griepentrog wertet mehr als 30 Jahre einschlägige Arbeitserfahrung aus und stellt die konzeptionellen Grundlagen und gesellschaftlichen Hintergründe der Berufsberatung dar. Dabei plädiert er für eine berufliche Beratung, die als personenzentrierte, ergebnisoffene, freiwillig und flexibel nutzbare sozialstaatliche Dienstleistung Menschen als Individuen in beruflichen und gesellschaftlichen Umbrüchen solidarisch und stärkend begleitet. Praxisrelevante Haltungen und Handlungsmuster ergänzen die Analyse und stellen die arbeitsmarktpolitische Instrumentalisierung von Beratung in Frage." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Bridging the gap: gender-specific preferences in STEM occupations in vocational education and training (2025)
Zitatform
Gutfleisch, Tamara & Richard Nennstiel (2025): Bridging the gap: gender-specific preferences in STEM occupations in vocational education and training. In: Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training, Jg. 17. DOI:10.1186/s40461-025-00187-3
Abstract
"Women’s underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has been widely studied, particularly in the context of general and tertiary education. However, less is known about gendered STEM sorting within vocational education and training (VET), despite VET systems playing a key role in occupational gender segregation. This study investigates gender differences in the likelihood of choosing a STEM occupation in VET using nationally representative data from Switzerland. We examine to what extent commonly studied individual-level mechanisms—such as math achievement, math self-concept, and career values—can explain the gender gap in STEM participation. To assess whether these mechanisms operate similarly across educational pathways and outcome types, we compare students pursuing or intending to pursue VET to those aspiring to an academic degree, and examine three STEM-related outcomes: intended VET occupation, aspirations for a STEM job at age 30, and intentions to pursue a math-intensive job. We find that the gender gap in STEM participation is largest in VET occupations and considerably smaller for the other two outcomes. Moreover, a larger share of the gender gap can be explained regarding occupational aspirations as opposed to VET occupations, and among students aspiring to academic education. These findings suggest that theoretical models of STEM sorting should be adapted to better reflect the specific features of VET and the types of occupations it comprises." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Geschlechtsspezifische und geschlechtsübergreifende Gründe für die Berufswahl „Chirurg*in“ – ein Scoping Review (2025)
Hirsch, Johanna; Schüttpelz-Brauns, Katrin; Bäcker, Vanessa;Zitatform
Hirsch, Johanna, Vanessa Bäcker & Katrin Schüttpelz-Brauns (2025): Geschlechtsspezifische und geschlechtsübergreifende Gründe für die Berufswahl „Chirurg*in“ – ein Scoping Review. In: Das Gesundheitswesen, Jg. 87, H. 10, S. 619-627. DOI:10.1055/a-2390-2343
Abstract
"Einleitung: Die Verfügbarkeit von hochqualifiziertem chirurgischen Personal in Deutschland ist seit Jahren eine Herausforderung. Trotz verschiedener Initiativen, um die Attraktivität der chirurgischen Weiterbildungen zu erhöhen, bestehen weiterhin Probleme, motivierte und qualifizierte Ärzt*innen für die Chirurgie zu gewinnen. Um passgenaue Angebote zur Nachwuchsgewinnung zu entwickeln, müssen die Entscheidungsfaktoren bekannt sein. Ziel: Darstellung der geschlechtsspezifischen und geschlechtsübergreifenden Gründe für die Wahl einer chirurgischen Facharztweiterbildung. Methode: Im Rahmen eines Scoping Reviews wurden über PubMed sowie einer anschließenden Rückwärtssuche Studien zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage identifiziert. Die aus den Studien extrahierten Daten wurden narrativ zusammenfasst und Kategorien herausgearbeitet. Ergebnisse: Die Auswertung von 12 Studien ergab, dass Männer und Frauen aufgrund der Merkmale des chirurgischen Fachs, personenbezogener Faktoren und Faktoren der Weiterbildungsstelle Chirurg*in werden möchten. Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede konnten ebenfalls identifiziert werden. Es werden konkrete Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen, um Nachwuchs in der Chirurgie zu fördern." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The Causal Effect of Parent Occupation on Child Occupation: A Multivalued Treatment with Positivity Constraints (2025)
Zitatform
Lundberg, Ian, Daniel Molitor & Jennie E. Brand (2025): The Causal Effect of Parent Occupation on Child Occupation: A Multivalued Treatment with Positivity Constraints. In: Sociological methods & research, Jg. 54, H. 4, S. 1435-1462. DOI:10.1177/00491241251338412
Abstract
"To what degree does parent occupation cause a child’s occupational attainment? We articulate this causal question in the potential outcomes framework. Empirically, we show that adjustment for only two confounding variables substantially reduces the estimated association between parent and child occupation in a U.S. cohort. Methodologically, we highlight complications that arise when the treatment variable (parent occupation) can take many categorical values. A central methodological hurdle is positivity: some occupations (e.g., lawyer) are simply never held by some parents (e.g., those who did not complete college). We show how to overcome this hurdle by reporting summaries within subgroups that focus attention on the causal quantities that can be credibly estimated. Future research should build on the longstanding tradition of descriptive mobility research to answer causal questions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Career readiness in Madrid, Spain: Insights from a survey of young adults (19-26) (2025)
Mann, Anthony; Diaz, Jonathan; Posada, Sara Zapata;Zitatform
Mann, Anthony, Jonathan Diaz & Sara Zapata Posada (2025): Career readiness in Madrid, Spain. Insights from a survey of young adults (19-26). (OECD education working papers 331), Paris, 230 S. DOI:10.1787/73cdc17d-en
Abstract
"This paper reports the results of a survey of young adults aged 19-26 who were educated in the Community of Madrid, Spain. The study asks users of career guidance systems within secondary education to share perspectives on their usefulness from the vantage point of the labour market participation. The study finds that overwhelmingly respondents who participated in career development activities as teenagers found them to be useful to their post-secondary transitions with many stating that they were very useful. They wished however that they had received more support from their schools, especially with regard to practical activities related to integration into the working world. Analysis finds many strong relationships between participation in career development and the quality of transitions. It is less likely for young adults who engaged more deeply in career development as teenagers to report that they were Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEET) at the time of the survey and they expressed more positive attitudes about their transitions and the value of the support received from their schools." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Origins of Entrepreneurship: How Parental Role Models and Socialization Shape Later Entrepreneurial Intentions (2025)
Zitatform
Schneck, Stefan (2025): The Origins of Entrepreneurship: How Parental Role Models and Socialization Shape Later Entrepreneurial Intentions. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 1233), Berlin, 34 S.
Abstract
"This exploratory study examines the effects of parental socialization and parental role models at ages 7 to 10 on the entrepreneurial intentions of their children in adolescence. Analysis of German household data and more than 1,400 observations shows a moderation effect between parental role models and socialization. An adolescent's willingness to become self-employed in the future is influenced by parental role models and moderated by parental child-rearing practices related to risk-taking during childhood. While child-rearing practices not focused on risk-avoidance reinforce the parental role model effect and increase an adolescent's intentions to become self-employed, parental child-rearing practices geared toward risk aversion nullify any positive effects of having self-employed parents as role models. Parental socialization during childhood thus casts a long-term shadow and may explain why some children with self-employed parents have as little intention of becoming self-employed as children of employees. Early parental socialization practices may, thus, contribute to explaining the lack of willing entrepreneurs and family business successors." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
It Runs in the Family: Occupational Choice and the Allocation of Talent (2025)
Sigurdsson, Jósef; Kramer, John;Zitatform
Sigurdsson, Jósef & John Kramer (2025): It Runs in the Family: Occupational Choice and the Allocation of Talent. (CEPR discussion paper / Centre for Economic Policy Research 20099), London, 25 S.
Abstract
"Children tend to choose the same occupations as their parents. We examine the implications of this tendency for talent allocation and intergenerational mobility. Using Swedish data on skills and personality traits, we estimate a general equilibrium Roy model with unequal occupational access depending on parental background. Equalizing access halves occupational following and increases intergenerational earnings mobility by a third, benefiting low-income sons most. Exploiting long-run declines in fathers’ occupations, we find that reduced following improves sons ’ skill-matching and raises earnings, aligning with our model. Our results suggest that facilitating more occupational mobility would increase intergenerational income mobility without reducing output." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Can Gender Stereotypes Explain the Gender‐Equality Paradox? A Reassessment (2025)
Zitatform
Uunk, Wilfred (2025): Can Gender Stereotypes Explain the Gender‐Equality Paradox? A Reassessment. In: Sociology Compass, Jg. 19, H. 10. DOI:10.1111/soc4.70117
Abstract
"The social science literature surprisingly found that gender differences in the choice of and preference for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) study majors are larger in more gender-equal and affluent countries. This phenomenon is known as the Gender-Equality Paradox (GEP). Some scholars attributed GEP regarding students' mathematics intentions entirely to gender stereotypes, particularly the stereotype that “math is not for girls”. In this study, I reassess the finding that gender stereotypes can explain GEP because (a) the stereotype measure was not independently assessed from the prime respondents, overestimating the stereotype effect, (b) gender-STEM stereotypes may not associate with gender equality and societal affluence, and (c) the effect of gender-STEM stereotypes on gendered mathematics intentions may decrease with societal affluence. Multilevel analyses of data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 support my suggestions. A measure of gender-science stereotypes independently assessed from PISA—the Implicit Association Test—cannot satisfactorily account for GEP regarding students' mathematics intentions. The reasons are a weak association between gender-science stereotypes and societal affluence/gender equality, an only partially significant effect of these stereotypes on the gender gap in mathematics intentions, and a normative effect that decreases with societal affluence. Therefore, GEP remains a puzzling issue that warrants further investigation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are parents an obstacle to gender-atypical occupational choices? (2025)
Zitatform
Wolter, Stefan C. & Thea S. Zöllner (2025): Are parents an obstacle to gender-atypical occupational choices? In: Journal of Population Economics, Jg. 38, H. 4. DOI:10.1007/s00148-025-01121-3
Abstract
"Despite numerous measures intended to enhance gender equality, gender-specific study and career choices remain a persistent concern for policymakers and academics globally. We contribute to the literature on gendered career choices by focusing on explicitly stated parental preferences for their children’s occupations, using a large-scale randomized survey experiment with 5940 adults in Switzerland. Adolescents consistently name their parents as the most influential factor in career decisions, motivating the focus on parents (and hypothetical parents). In the experiment, respondents are presented with a realistic choice scenario in which they must advise on two proposed apprenticeships for their hypothetical daughter or son. The experiment randomly selects the occupations from 105 pairs, without disclosing their gender distribution. Results show that adults are gender neutral when advising a daughter but have a pronounced preference for male-dominated occupations when advising sons. The latter are found across all ages of adults and for parents and non-parents." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Correcting Beliefs About Job Opportunities and Wages: A Field Experiment on Education Choices (2025)
Zitatform
de Koning, Bart K., Didier Fouarge & Robert Dur (2025): Correcting Beliefs About Job Opportunities and Wages: A Field Experiment on Education Choices. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17951), Bonn, 72 S.
Abstract
"We run a field experiment in which we provide information to students about job opportunities and hourly wages of occupations they are interested in. The experiment takes place within a widely-used career orientation program in the Netherlands, and involves 28,186 pre-vocational secondary education students in 243 schools over two years. The information improves the accuracy of students' beliefs and leads them to change their preferred occupation to one with better labor market prospects. Administrative data that covers up to four years after the experiment shows that students choose (and remain in) post-secondary education programs with better job opportunities and higher hourly wages as a result of the information treatment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Welche Erwartungen Abiturient*innen mit einem Studium oder einer Berufsausbildung verbinden (Serie "Berufsorientierung Jugendlicher") (2024)
Anger, Silke ; Patzina, Alexander ; Toussaint, Carina ; Lerche, Adrian; Sandner, Malte ; Dietrich, Hans ; Knau, Felix; Bernhard, Sarah ;Zitatform
Anger, Silke, Sarah Bernhard, Hans Dietrich, Felix Knau, Adrian Lerche, Alexander Patzina, Malte Sandner & Carina Toussaint (2024): Welche Erwartungen Abiturient*innen mit einem Studium oder einer Berufsausbildung verbinden (Serie "Berufsorientierung Jugendlicher"). In: IAB-Forum H. 03.09.2024, 2024-09-02. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20240903.01
Abstract
"Nach dem Abitur eröffnen sich jungen Menschen alle weiterführenden Bildungswege. Neben der Wahl der Fachrichtung steht die Entscheidung zwischen Studium oder Berufsausbildung im Vordergrund. Hier geht es neben persönlichen Interessen und Fähigkeiten um die Erwartungen der Abiturient*innen hinsichtlich der Aussichten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt und in Bezug auf die Arbeitsbedingungen nach einem Studium oder einer Ausbildung. Diese Erwartungen unterscheiden sich je nachdem, ob sie eher zu einem Studium oder einer Ausbildung tendieren." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Anger, Silke ; Patzina, Alexander ; Toussaint, Carina ; Lerche, Adrian; Sandner, Malte ; Dietrich, Hans ; Bernhard, Sarah ; -
Literaturhinweis
Berufliche Pläne von Haupt- und Realschüler*innen: Der Anteil der Unentschlossenen steigt (2024)
Anger, Silke ; Galkiewicz, Agata Danuta; Siedler, Thomas ; Hörl, Tobias; Christoph, Bernhard ; Margaryan, Shushanik ; Sandner, Malte ; Peter, Frauke ; Maushart, Milan;Zitatform
Anger, Silke, Bernhard Christoph, Agata Danuta Galkiewicz, Tobias Hörl, Shushanik Margaryan, Milan Maushart, Frauke Peter, Malte Sandner & Thomas Siedler (2024): Berufliche Pläne von Haupt- und Realschüler*innen: Der Anteil der Unentschlossenen steigt. In: IAB-Forum H. 24.09.2024 Nürnberg, 2024-09-12. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20240924.01
Abstract
"Der Anteil der Jugendlichen, die sich sicher sind, eine Ausbildung absolvieren zu wollen, sinkt zusehends. Zuletzt traf dies nur noch auf 42 Prozent der befragten Hauptschüler*innen und auf 37 Prozent der Realschüler*innen in den jeweiligen Abschlussklassen zu.." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
From Movements to Managers: Crossing Organizational Boundaries in the Field of Sustainability (2024)
Zitatform
Augustine, Grace & Brayden G. King (2024): From Movements to Managers: Crossing Organizational Boundaries in the Field of Sustainability. In: Work and occupations, Jg. 51, H. 2, S. 207-248. DOI:10.1177/07308884221142215
Abstract
"This study investigates a route to occupational activism whereby individuals with significant experience in a social movement enter organizational positions that have been established to address those same movement's concerns. Utilizing data on the career pathways of 800 individuals from the field of sustainability in higher education, we formulate and test hypotheses related to whether or not individuals with more experience in the environmental movement gain access to sustainability manager positions, and whether or not entry patterns change as the roles become more institutionalized. These questions matter because although movements pressure organizations to address issues such as equality, diversity, and sustainability, it is individuals inside organizations who are best positioned to institutionalize movement-aligned practices and policies. And if those individuals have movement backgrounds, they can be carriers of movement praxis and ideals. Through our analyses, we find that although individuals with more experience in the environmental movement have a higher likelihood of entering sustainability manager positions overall, their advantage diminishes as the positions become institutionalized as formalized organizational roles. Our findings contribute to scholarship on occupational activism and in particular to outstanding questions regarding the role of occupations and occupational members in furthering social movement ideals and initiatives inside organizations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Economic returns to reproducing parents' field of study (2024)
Zitatform
Birkelund, Jesper Fels (2024): Economic returns to reproducing parents' field of study. In: The British journal of sociology, Jg. 75, H. 3, S. 303-321. DOI:10.1111/1468-4446.13090
Abstract
"Research on the influence of family background on college graduates' earnings has not considered the importance of the match between parents' and children's field of study. Using a novel design based on within-family comparisons, I examine long-term earnings returns to reproducing parents' field of study in Denmark. I find that individuals whose field of study matches that of a parent have earnings that are 2 percent higher than those of their siblings with college degrees in different fields, on average. Earnings returns to field inheritance are highest in the fields of law (9 percent), medicine (6 percent), and engineering (4 percent) and are driven mainly by income from self-employment. I find no direct evidence of nepotism as the earnings advantage does not arise from inheritance of parents' firms or employment in parents' occupational network. My findings indicate that, although a college degree generally equalizes family background differences in economic outcomes, there are additional payoffs to field inheritance, particularly in traditional fields characterized by a high degree of social closure and self-employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Tertiary Education, Changing One's Educational Decision and the Role of Parental Preferences (2024)
Zitatform
Christoph, Bernhard, Heike Spangenberg & Heiko Quast (2024): Tertiary Education, Changing One's Educational Decision and the Role of Parental Preferences. In: Research in Higher Education, Jg. 65, H. 2, S. 283-302., 2023-08-08. DOI:10.1007/s11162-023-09752-9
Abstract
"Unequal access to university and the decision processes that give rise to it are important factors in the accumulation of educational inequalities. In this paper, we investigate a specific aspect of such decision processes by focusing on those students who change their original plans to start a (nontertiary) vocational education and decide to pursue a tertiary degree instead. In doing so, we find that more than one-fifth of the students in our sample who originally planned to pursue a vocational education change their original decision in this way. Moreover, while students from a more advantaged background are more likely to go to university in the first place, those among them that initially opted for a vocational education are also more likely to change their decision and go to university instead. We also find that parental preferences for tertiary education play an important role in the process of changing one’s mind, even for adult children. Moreover, we find that differential parental preferences contribute to both the emergence of social background effects and - as a result - the perpetuation of educational inequalities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Parental networks, wage expectations, and the intergenerational educational mobility (2024)
Zitatform
Damdinsuren, Erdenebulgan, Mariya Mitkova & Anna Zaharieva (2024): Parental networks, wage expectations, and the intergenerational educational mobility. In: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Jg. 218, S. 146-175. DOI:10.1016/j.jebo.2023.12.004
Abstract
"We develop a novel theoretical framework for studying the relationship between parental social networks and educational choices of children allowing us to analyze the implications of network structure, especially size and homophily, for intergenerational schooling mobility. When the market skill premium is unobservable, families rely on noisy wage information obtained from their social contacts giving rise to heterogeneous expectations across families. Under skill homophily, children in low skill families are stronger affected by imprecise information due to a smaller number of interactions with high skill families, hence, their expectations are more dispersed and they are less likely to study. This yields a positive intergenerational schooling correlation. Empirically, a larger share of high skill parental friends is positively associated with a probability of studying, in line with the model, after controlling for the education of parents, cognitive abilities and personality traits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Perspektive Pflege? Die Sicht der Eltern auf die Berufswahl (2024)
Zitatform
Driesel-Lange, Katja, Jerusha Klein, Iris Morgenstern, Lore Funk & Wenka Wentzel (2024): Perspektive Pflege? Die Sicht der Eltern auf die Berufswahl. In: Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik - online H. Spezial HT2023, S. 1-19.
Abstract
"Um die Berufswahl zu meistern, wünschen sich Jugendliche vor allem Unterstützung durch ihre Eltern (vgl. Ulrich et al. 2019, 300). Eltern gelten als Einflussfaktor für Bildungs- und Berufsverläufe (vgl. Kracke/Middendorf/Buck 2018, 1). Darüber hinaus nehmen sie u. a. durch ihr Engagement Einfluss auf berufliche Entwicklungsprozesse (vgl. Kracke/Noack 2005, 187). Die elterliche Sicht wurde bisher, vor allem mit Blick auf unterschiedliche berufliche Domänen, wenig differenziert beleuchtet (z. B. Calmbach/Schleer 2020). 1599 Eltern wurden zu Einstellungen zur Berufswahl der Kinder und ihrer Sicht auf Berufsfelder befragt. In diesem Beitrag werden vor allem Gesundheitsberufe betrachtet, die als dynamische Domäne sowohl in ökonomischer als auch gesamtgesellschaftlicher Hinsicht von großer Bedeutung sind (vgl. Weyland 2020, 337). Nur ein Zehntel der Eltern bekundet, dass ihre Kinder Perspektiven in Gesundheitsberufen nachgehen. Sie schätzen ferner diese Berufe, im Vergleich mit naturwissenschaftlichen und technischen Berufen, vor allem im Hinblick auf Verdienst und Karrieremöglichkeiten, eher kritisch ein. Erkennbar ist eine Hierarchie der Berufe, die sich möglicherweise aus vermuteten Erträgen und Perspektiven in spezifischen Berufen ergibt. Ausgehend von den Erkenntnissen zu den elterlichen Perspektiven der hier adressierten Domänen und Berufe sollen Implikationen für die Elternarbeit herausgestellt werden. Diese Befunde sind vor dem Hintergrund der von Eltern geäußerten Aufgabe des Aufzeigens von zukunftssicheren Berufen und der Breite an Ausbildungen und Studiengängen (vgl. Calmbach/Schleer 2020, 44) für Konzepte der Beruflichen Orientierung zu diskutieren." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Compromises in occupational choice and premature termination of vocational education and training: gender type, prestige, and occupational interests in focus (2024)
Zitatform
Fischer-Browne, Melanie, Lea Ahrens, Corinna Kleinert & Brigitte Schels (2024): Compromises in occupational choice and premature termination of vocational education and training: gender type, prestige, and occupational interests in focus. In: Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training, Jg. 16, 2024-06-14. DOI:10.1186/s40461-024-00168-y
Abstract
"This study examines whether premature termination of vocational education and training (VET) is more likely when trainees have to make compromises between their realistic occupational aspirations and the occupation for which they are trained in terms of the occupational dimensions of gender type, prestige, and occupational interests. Specifically, it examines the relative importance of the three compromise dimensions on premature VET termination. The study is based on a sample of 3,241 VET entrants from a cohort of ninth graders in 2010 in the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS-SC4) in combination with aggregated data on occupational characteristics. Results from discrete hazard rate models indicate a higher risk of premature VET termination for trainees whose VET occupation differs from their realistic occupational aspiration from their school days. While compromises in prestige have no overall effect, both compromises in interests and gender type threaten the stability of VET. The results also indicate that compromises in interests have the strongest effect on the risk of premature VET termination and that the effects of compromises in gender type are partly mediated by the effects of compromises in interests. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis revealed that the main effects of compromises in gender type and prestige are gender specific." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Die duale Berufsausbildung im Handwerk: Immer mehr junge Menschen bleiben ihrem erlernten Beruf treu (2024)
Zitatform
Hell, Stefan, Duncan Roth, Holger Seibert & Gabriele Wydra-Somaggio (2024): Die duale Berufsausbildung im Handwerk: Immer mehr junge Menschen bleiben ihrem erlernten Beruf treu. (IAB-Kurzbericht 18/2024), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2418
Abstract
"Vielen Betrieben in Deutschland fällt es aktuell schwer, ihren Fachkräftebedarf zu decken. Zur Sicherung dieser Bedarfe spielt die duale Berufsausbildung eine zentrale Rolle. Doch selbst wenn ein Betrieb ausbildet, bedeutet dies nicht zwangsläufig, dass die Absolvent*innen in ihrem Ausbildungsbetrieb oder -beruf verbleiben. Dieser Kurzbericht widmet sich der Entwicklung der Ausbildung im Handwerk sowie der Betriebs- und Berufstreue von Absolvent*innen in diesem Bereich." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
- Entwicklung des Arbeitsmarktstatus der Ausbildungsabsolvent*innen im Handwerk einen Monat und zwölf Monate nach Ausbildungsende
- Beschäftigung der Ausbildungsabsolvent*innen im Handwerk einen Monat und zwölf Monate nach Ausbildungsende
- Anzahl und Entwicklung der jährlichen Ausbildungsabsolvent*innen im Handwerk
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Literaturhinweis
Parental job loss and children’s career choices (2024)
Zitatform
Huttunen, Kristiina & Krista Riukula (2024): Parental job loss and children’s career choices. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 90. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102578
Abstract
"We examine how shocks to parents’ careers affect the children’s educational choices and career outcomes. Using Finnish administrative data, we find that a father’s job loss decreases the likelihood of a child choosing the father’s study field. Children of displaced fathers have lower earnings and are more likely to choose study fields with lower predicted earnings; however, we find no effects on the outcomes measured before study choices are made, such as school grades, inactivity and juvenile delinquency. The results suggest that labor market shocks can carry over to the next generation through children’s career choices." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))