Zitatform

Prel, Jean-Baptist du, Johannes Siegrist, Max Rohrbacher & Hans Martin Hasselhorn (2026): Stressful work experience over time and depression in late midlife: results from a longitudinal cohort study in Germany. In: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Jg. 61, H. 3, S. 485-495. DOI:10.1007/s00127-025-03005-z

Abstract

"Previous prospective findings of elevated risk of depression following exposure to stressful work in terms of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) were based on a single exposure measurement. With this study, we set out to analyse longitudinal associations of single and twofold exposure measurement with depression among middle-aged employees. Data were derived from the first two waves (2011 and 2014) of the prospective lidA cohort study in Germany, including 3,104 middle-aged employed men and women. Participants with depression at baseline were excluded. Work stress (effort-reward ER) ratio and work-related over-commitment (WOC) and depression (Beck’s Depression Inventory) were assessed at both waves. Time-invariant (birth year, sex, education) and time-varying covariates (employment, control, physical health) were adjusted for. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the odds of depression for single or twofold high exposure, and generalized estimation equations (GEE) to analyze mean associations between moderate and high exposure and outcome over both waves. 5.9% of male and 9.8% of female participants experienced depression during the observation period. Cases were more frequent among those scoring high on work stress measures, those with poor physical health and part-time work. In the fully adjusted GEE model, the estimated risk ratio of depression was 1.60 (95%-CI: 1.05; 2.44) for moderate and 2.49 (1.67; 3.71) for high exposure to ERI work stress on average over time. Similar effects were observed for WOC. Elevated risk ratios of depression were observed in associations with moderate and high exposure to stressful work (ERI) over time." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

Zitatform

Shvartsman, Elena, Susanne Steffes, Philipp Grunau & Sabine Sonnentag (2026): The call on Sunday: Work-related communication during off-work hours and employee experiences. In: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Jg. 245, 2026-02-17. DOI:10.1016/j.jebo.2026.107500

Abstract

"We utilize longitudinal data from Germany to examine how work-related communication during off-work time is associated with employees’ experiential outcomes in terms of work-to-family conflict, mental health, and job satisfaction. Our rich data allow us to estimate a long-term association net of various confounding factors using individual fixed effects regressions. We find a strong positive association between off-work communication and work-to-family conflict; however, we cannot establish statistically significant relationships with mental health or job satisfaction. Moreover, once we include a set of job and personal characteristics and control for unobserved individual time-invariant heterogeneity, the coefficient estimate for the relationship between off-work communication and work-to-family conflict, albeit still significant, substantially drops in size. We conclude that previous studies may have overestimated the relationship between off-work communication and the experiential outcome variables considered in this study." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.) ((en))

Zitatform

Sintos, Andreas & Michael Chletsos (2026): From Past to Present: How Recessions Shape Job Loss Perceptions in Europe. In: Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Jg. 73, H. 2. DOI:10.1111/sjpe.70043

Abstract

"Past recessions can leave enduring marks on how individuals perceive labor market risks. Drawing on survey data from 29 European countries, this article shows that recessions experienced between ages 18 and 33 heighten perceptions of job loss risk well into adulthood. The persistence of these scars depends on context: education mitigates them, technological change amplifies them, and stronger labor market protections weaken them. The findings suggest that early macroeconomic experiences shape not only economic outcomes but also persistent attitudes toward job security, with implications for resilience and policy design." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Ulstein, Julie, Cedric Andersen Lyngroth & Åsmund Hermansen (2026): Job exposures, employer characteristics, and risk of reduced work capacity: a 10-year cohort study of Norwegian workers. In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jg. 99, H. 1. DOI:10.1007/s00420-025-02195-y

Abstract

"This study investigates the impact of biomechanical and psychosocial job exposures on risk of reduced work capacity in a complete cohort of Norwegian workers, and examines whether this impact varies by employer sector, size, and organizational policies. Using high-quality Norwegian registry data, we followed a cohort of workers from age 40 over a ten-year period. Biomechanical and psychosocial job exposures were estimated using two validated job exposure matrices. Individuals with a prior history of reduced work capacity were excluded to limit confounding. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we assessed the association between levels of job exposure and risk of reduced work capacity, including moderation analyses by employer characteristics. Both biomechanical and psychosocial job exposures were significantly associated with reduced work capacity, particularly among the top 60% of exposed workers. While employer size and organizational policies somewhat moderated this impact, their influence was inconsistent. Notably, policies aimed at retaining workers with reduced capacity did not appear to mitigate the impact of the job exposures, while there was no variation in impact according to employer sector. Biomechanical and psychosocial job exposures are associated with an increased risk of reduced work capacity, with some variation in impact according to employer characteristics. These results indicate the importance of exposure-reducing interventions in the workplace, especially in occupations with high levels of biomechanical and psychosocial exposures." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Vasiakina, Mariia & Christian Dudel (2026): From Efficiency to Illness: Do Highly Automatable Jobs Take a Toll on Health in Germany? In: Industrial relations journal, Jg. 57, H. 4, S. 297-308. DOI:10.1111/irj.70034

Abstract

"Automation transforms work at a rapid pace, with gradually increasing shares of the workforce at risk of being replaced by machines. However, little is known about how this risk is affecting workers. In this study, we examine the relationship between exposure to high automation risk at work and both subjective (self-reported health, anxiety, and health satisfaction) and objective (healthcare use and sickness absence) health outcomes of workers in Germany. We base our analysis on survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) and administrative data from the Occupational Panel for Germany (2013–2022). Employing panel regression, we demonstrate that for workers, exposure to high automation risk at the occupational level is associated with lower self-reported health and health satisfaction, as well as increased sickness absence. No significant effects are observed for anxiety and healthcare use. Our heterogeneity analysis reveals only minor variations in the effects across several demographic and occupational characteristics. We also conduct multiple robustness checks (i.e., alternative model specifications and risk measures with different thresholds), with the results remaining largely consistent with our main findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Wanger, Susanne & Enzo Weber (2026): Teilzeit und Krankenstand - Potenzial für mehr Arbeitsstunden? In: Wirtschaftsdienst, Jg. 106, H. 4, S. 237-243., 2026-03-31. DOI:10.2478/wd-2026-0062

Abstract

"Der demografische Wandel verringert das Erwerbspersonenpotenzial in den kommenden Jahren deutlich, während die durchschnittliche Jahresarbeitszeit pro Erwerbstätigen bereits seit Jahrzehnten einem Abwärtstrend folgt. So liegt die Teilzeitquote mittlerweile bei rund 40 %, und die krankheitsbedingten Fehlzeiten bewegen sich mit knapp 15 Arbeitstagen pro Jahr zuletzt auf einem hohen Niveau. Beide Entwicklungen – mehr Teilzeit und höhere Fehlzeiten – werden zum Teil als Ausdruck sinkender Arbeitsbereitschaft gedeutet. In der öffentlichen Debatte wird daraus teilweise gefolgert, das gesamtwirtschaftliche Arbeitsangebot lasse sich durch restriktivere Regelungen oder erhöhten Druck kurzfristig substanziell ausweiten. Eine differenzierte Analyse zeigt jedoch: Zusätzliche Arbeitsstunden sind durchaus mobilisierbar – allerdings weniger durch pauschale Restriktionen als durch verbesserte Anreizstrukturen und geeignete institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Abstract

"Wo das Personal knapp ist, sind häufig auch die Arbeitsbedingungen schlecht. Dies trifft vor allem auf die frauendominierten Berufe zu – ein wichtiger Aspekt, der in der Debatte um die Fachkräftesicherung kaum Berücksichtigung findet, aber in den Ergebnissen des DGB-Index Gute Arbeit deutlich zu Tage tritt. Auf einem Arbeitsmarkt, der von einer sehr ungleichen Verteilung von Frauen und Männer auf verschiedene Berufe und Branchen geprägt ist, sind Frauen überwiegend in Bildung und sozialen und personennahen Dienstleistungsberufen tätig. Diese sind von hohen Belastungen geprägt. Die breite gesellschaftliche Wertschätzung, die Pfleger*innen oder Erzieher*innen in der Corona-Pandemie zuteilwurde, hat sich nicht in besseren Arbeitsbedingungen niedergeschlagen. Zudem ist in vielen frauendominierten Berufen Niedriglohnbeschäftigung noch immer weit verbreitet. Fachkräftelücken in den frauendominierten Berufen sind nicht nur für die dort Beschäftigten und die Wirtschaft ein Problem, sondern auch für die Gesellschaft als Ganzes. Denn in den frauendominierten Berufen in Bereichen wie Bildung, Pflege, Erziehung und Sozialarbeit werden gesellschaftlich hoch relevante Dienstleistungen erbracht, deren Qualität sinkt, wenn zu wenig Personal vorhanden ist und die Arbeitsdichte steigt. Den Preis zahlen die, die auf die Dienstleistung angewiesen sind: alte, kranke und pflegebedürftige Menschen, Kinder und Jugendliche, Menschen mit besonderen Unterstützungsbedarfen – und am Ende auch die Frauen, die Mängel in der Daseinsvorsorge häufig privat mit unbezahlter Sorgearbeit kompensieren. Gute Arbeit ist ein zentraler Faktor, wenn es darum geht, Fachkräfte zu gewinnen und zu halten. Gute Arbeit ist aber auch eine Voraussetzung für eine qualitativ hochwertige und bedarfsgerechte Versorgung in den Bereichen der sozialen Infrastruktur und Daseinsvorsorge und für die gleichberechtigte Teilhabe von Frauen am Arbeitsmarkt. Politisch Verantwortliche und Arbeitgeber müssen daher handeln! Denn wer Fachkräfte sucht, kann auf Frauen nicht verzichten!" (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

(2026): Psychische Belastung bei Polizeibeschäftigten. (Kompakt : DGB-Index Gute Arbeit 2026,01), Berlin, 10 S.

Abstract

"Die Arbeit von Polizistinnen und Polizisten ist durch besondere Anforderungen gekennzeichnet. Ihre Tätigkeit ist durch Kommunikation und Interaktion mit anderen Menschen geprägt. Dabei kann es zu Konflikten und auch zu körperlichen Auseinandersetzungen kommen. Die damit verbundenen Anforderungen und Belastungen sind Gegenstand der Auswertung des DGB-Index Gute Arbeit "Psychische Belastung bei Polizeibeschäftigten". In den Befragungsdaten wird die Konflikthaftigkeit der Polizeiarbeit deutlich sichtbar. Die Hälfte der befragten Polizist*innen gibt an, bei der Arbeit sehr häufig oder oft Konflikten ausgesetzt zu sein. Bei Beschäftigten aus anderen Berufsgruppen liegt der Anteil im Durchschnitt bei 14 Prozent. Auch von respektloser Behandlung sind Polizist*innen häufiger betroffen als die Angehörigen anderer Berufe. Hohe Werte weisen Polizist*innen auch bei arbeitsbedingten psychischen Belastungen auf. Zeitdruck und widersprüchliche Anforderungen werden jeweils von mehr als der Hälfte der Befragten berichtet. Arbeitsverdichtung betrifft mehr als 40 Prozent in (sehr) hohem Maß. Die Auswertung belegt die starken psychischen und emotionalen Belastungen, mit denen Polizeibeschäftigte bei ihrer Tätigkeit konfrontiert sind, und die Notwendigkeit an einer präventiven und gesundheitsförderlichen Arbeitsgestaltung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

(2026): Bullying in education: Prevalence, impact and responses across countries. (OECD education working papers 341), Paris, 56 S. DOI:10.1787/d9f8bd9f-en

Abstract

"Bullying, whether in person or online, is a barrier to inclusive, high-quality education and to cohesive societies. This OECD working paper documents bullying prevalence and trends across OECD and accession countries between 2015 and 2022, using PISA data. Regression analyses point to marked disparities in bullying exposure across student groups, with socio-economically advantaged boys with an immigrant background facing particularly elevated risks. The paper also synthesises evidence on how bullying can harm individual students, and how these individual effects can spill over to schools and, over time, generate wider social and economic costs. It then reviews strategies to prevent and respond to bullying, encompassing both national-level policies and school-based initiatives. The paper concludes with policy implications concerning a coherent anti-bullying system-level strategy, strengthened school staff capacity, school interventions combining universal prevention with targeted support, routine prevalence monitoring and robust impact evaluations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Arthur, Phoebe, Ben Morrison & Joanne K. Earl (2025): The Job Demand-Resources (JD-R) model through the eyes of financial advisers: A scoping review. In: Australian journal of management. DOI:10.1177/03128962251350337

Abstract

"This scoping review examines the job demands and resources impacting financial advisers through the lens of the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model. Given the significant challenges facing financial advisers, this review identifies key factors contributing to job stress, satisfaction and turnover in the profession. A comprehensive desktop review and thematic analysis of 53 peer-reviewed articles revealed core job demands such as compliance, emotional strain, and work overload, alongside critical job resources like professional development, support and technology. In addition, personal resources, including self-efficacy and optimism, are explored as potential moderators. The findings offer insights into the complex dynamics within the financial advisory industry, providing a foundation for future studies that may look to enhance job satisfaction and retention." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Badura, Bernhard, Antje Ducki, Markus Meyer, Johanna Baumgardt & Helmut Schröder (Hrsg.) (2025): Fehlzeiten-Report 2025. KI und Gesundheit - Möglichkeiten nutzen, Risiken bewältigen, Orientierung geben. (Fehlzeiten-Report 27), Berlin: Springer, 735 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-662-71885-8

Abstract

"Der jährlich erscheinende Fehlzeiten-Report informiert umfassend über die Entwicklung des Krankenstandes von Beschäftigten in Deutschland. Neben detaillierten Sekundäranalysen von Versichertendaten werden empirische Studienergebnisse, zeitgemäße methodische Herangehensweisen und Leuchtturmprojekte der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung vorgestellt. Vor dem Hintergrund aktueller technischer Entwicklungen beleuchtet der Fehlzeiten-Report 2025 schwerpunktmäßig Chancen und Herausforderungen des Einsatzes von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in der Arbeitswelt. Er bietet einen orientierenden Überblick zu den Auswirkungen des Einsatzes von KI auf die betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung, Arbeitsumgebungen, Führung und Beschäftigte in Organisationen und erörtert aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven u.a die folgenden Fragen: - Wie kann KI so zum Einsatz gebracht werden, dass die menschlichen Fähigkeiten erweitert und gleichzeitig die Gesundheit der Beschäftigten und die individuelle Privatsphäre geschützt werden? - Wie gelingt die Entwicklung von KI-Systemen, in denen Mensch und Maschine produktiv zusammenarbeiten? - Welche wissenschaftlich fundierten Lösungsansätze zum menschen- und gesundheitszentrierten Umgang mit KI gibt es im Arbeitsschutz und der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung? Darüber hinaus liefert der Fehlzeiten-Report 2025 in gewohnter Qualität Daten und Analysen zu Fehlzeiten von Beschäftigten in Deutschland: - Aktuelle Statistiken zum Krankenstand in allen Branchen - Vergleichende Analysen nach Berufsgruppen, Bundesländern und Städten - Die wichtigsten für Arbeitsunfähigkeit verantwortlichen Krankheitsarten - Detaillierte Auswertungen u.a. zu Arbeitsunfällen, Langzeitarbeitsunfähigkeit, Burnout und Kinderkrankengeld. Zudem gibt es vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Diskussion um hohe Fehlzeiten einen Beitrag zur Einführung von Karenztagen und möglichen Effekten einer Absenkung der Lohnersatzrate." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Beller, Johannes, Batoul Safieddine, Julia Grasshoff & Jelena Epping (2025): Health patterns in the working population: latent class analysis of physical and psychological complaints in Germany. In: Journal of Public Health, S. 1-11. DOI:10.1007/s10389-025-02472-7

Abstract

"Aim: This study aimed to identify distinct patterns of health complaints among German workers and investigate their associations with socioeconomic factors. Subject and methods: Latent class analysis was performed on data from the BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey, which included 19,320 employed respondents aged 15 years and above. The analysis considered 21 physical and psychological health complaints, such as headache, back pain, fatigue, irritability, and depressiveness. The identified health complaint classes were compared via sociodemographic indicators, including age, gender, occupation, working hours, and education. Results: Four classes of health complaints were identified: “Low Overall Complaints” (low prevalence of all complaints; 40% of the sample), “Physical Complaints” (high prevalence of physical complaints but low prevalence of psychological complaints; 25% of the sample), “Psychological Complaints” (high prevalence of psychological complaints but low prevalence of physical complaints; 20% of the sample), and “High Overall Complaints” (high prevalence of both physical and psychological complaints; 15% of the sample). The classes differed most strongly according to occupational group, gender and education. Participants in high-skilled white-collar occupations were more likely to belong to the Low Overall Complaints and Psychological Complaints classes, while those in blue-collar occupations were more likely to belong to the Physical Complaints and High Overall Complaints classes. Conclusion: This study revealed four distinct patterns of health complaints in the German working population, differing in severity (low symptom burden vs. high symptom burden) as well as content (physical vs. psychological symptoms). A substantial proportion of workers experienced multiple physical, psychological, or overall health issues (60%). The differences between the classes were primarily related to occupation, highlighting the importance of occupational health research for public health. As the world of work evolves with an increasing proportion of high-skilled white-collar occupations, a rise in psychological health complaints is anticipated in the future." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Beller, Johannes, Julia Grasshoff, Batoul Safieddine & Stefanie Sperlich (2025): Health trends among workers in Germany and the role of changing job activities and working conditions. In: Scientific Reports, Jg. 15, H. 1. DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-25692-z

Abstract

"Previous studies have found some evidence for worsening health trends in working age adults. This study aims to further investigate the time trends in self-rated health among workers and explore the potential role of changes in job activities and working conditions in explaining these trends. Data from the BIBB/BAuA Employment Surveys conducted in 2006, 2012, and 2018 were analyzed (N = 53,747, age 15+). The study variables included self-rated health as the dependent variable, and time period, age, gender, education, working hours, physical work activities, cognitive work activities, ergonomic working conditions, environmental working conditions, work intensity, work control, and work support as predictors. Logistic regression and mediation analyses were employed to study the associations between these variables and self-rated health over time periods. The findings revealed a significant deterioration in self-rated health among workers over the study period, alongside an aging and more educated workforce. Additionally, several working conditions and work activities underwent changes, with work becoming generally less physically demanding and more cognitively and psychosocially demanding. The changes in job activities and working conditions partly explained the negative trends in self-rated health, with work control and environmental conditions being most important. In conclusion, worsening trends in self-rated health among the working population were found. While changes in the world of work (especially perceived work control and hazardous environmental conditions) contribute to these trends, they constitute only part of the explanation. Further research is needed to identify further intermediary determinants driving these trends and develop targeted interventions to promote worker health and well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Blomberg, Agneta, Gunnel Hensing, Monica Bertilsson, Carin Staland-Nyman, Christian Ståhl & Lisa Björk (2025): Mental well-being and work capacity: a cross-sectional study in a sample of the Swedish working population. In: BMC public health, Jg. 25. DOI:10.1186/s12889-025-24015-1

Abstract

"Background: Mental health problems are common in the working-age population. More knowledge is needed on how to support work participation and reduce sickness absence. The objective of the study was to estimate the distribution of mental well-being and work capacity in women and men in a working population and assess the association between mental well-being and work capacity, while adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and working positions. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected through an online survey distributed to individuals who were currently working. The study population consisted of 8462 employees (58% women). The WHO-5 Mental Well-being Index (scale ranging from 0 to 100 with higher scores representing a better mental well-being) and the Capacity to Work Instrument (C2WI) (scale ranging from 14 to 56 with higher scores representing a more strained work capacity) were used. Univariable and multivariable linear regressions were used to assess the associations between self-perceived mental well-being and capacity to work, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and working positions. Results: Low self-perceived mental well-being and strained work capacity were more common among women, particularly younger aged (18–34 years). Poor health status was associated with strained work capacity in both men and women. Regression analyses showed that lower self-perceived mental well-being was significantly associated with strained work capacity. Among women, the fully adjusted model showed a regression coefficient (B) of − 0.253 (95% CI: −0.264 to − 0.242); among men, it was − 0.225 (95% CI: −0.237 to − 0.213). Conclusions: This study, focusing on a currently working population, identified disparities in self-perceived mental well-being and work capacity across gender and age groups. These findings underscore the importance of early workplace interventions to support mental well-being and work capacity in these sub-groups. Notably, the association between the WHO-5 and C2WI may be partly attributable to item-level overlap, as certain C2WI items may capture symptoms related to mental health. This potential overlap should be considered when interpreting the findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Blomgren, Jenni & Riku Perhoniemi (2025): Occupational-class trends in diagnosis-specific sickness absence in Finland: a register-based observational study in 2011–2021. In: BMJ open, Jg. 15, H. 2. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-098001

Abstract

"Objectives: To examine the prevalence and days of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) by occupational class and by most important diagnostic groups in Finland during 2011–2021. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting and participants: National comprehensive register data were linked for all employed persons and entrepreneurs in Finland aged 25–64 for years 2011–2021 (yearly number of individuals in the study population around 2 million persons). Main outcome measures: LTSA was measured by sickness allowance that covers over 10-day long absences. Yearly age-standardised LTSA prevalences and average number of LTSA days were calculated for women and men in four occupational classes, separately for all-cause LTSA and LTSA due to mental disorders, musculoskeletal diseases and injuries. Modified Poisson regression and negative binomial regression models were run to assess relative differences between occupational classes, adjusted for age, marital status, education and region of residence. Results: All-cause LTSA slightly decreased between years 2011 and 2021, but the trends varied by occupational class and diagnostic group. LTSA due to mental disorders increased in all occupational classes after 2016 among both sexes, while LTSA due to musculoskeletal diseases and injuries continued to decrease in all occupational classes. The increase in LTSA due to mental disorders was largest among lower non-manual employees, especially among women, whereby all-cause LTSA prevalence among female lower non-manual employees reached the level of female manual workers. Men showed broadly similar trends, but manual workers still had the highest all-cause LTSA prevalence at the end of the study period. The main results were similar adjusted for covariates. Conclusions: The magnitude and order of the occupational-class differences in LTSA changed between 2011 and 2021, along with increasing LTSA due to mental disorders, especially among employees, and decreasing LTSA due to somatic diagnoses, especially among manual workers. Occupational-class differences should be taken into account when aiming to prevent LTSA and especially further increases in LTSA due to mental disorders." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Brunsen, Hendrik, Britta Busse, Kevin Wolnik & Lisbeth Wenzel (2025): Gute Arbeit in Berlin. Ergebnisse einer Beschäftigtenbefragung im Rahmen des ‚DGB-Index Gute Arbeit‘. Berlin, 119 S.

Abstract

"Die Ergebnisse zeigen, an welchen Stellen Beschäftigte ausgebremst oder benachteiligt werden und wo gewonnene Energie eingebüßt wird, aber auch was Beschäftigte an ihrer Arbeit schätzen und woraus sie Motivation und Antrieb ziehen. Dazu wurden beispielsweise Fragen zu den Themen Personalmangel, Einkommen und flexible Arbeitszeiten gestellt und diese unter anderem nach Gleichstellungskriterien ausgewertet. Als Senatorin für Arbeit, Soziales, Gleichstellung, Integration, Vielfalt und Antidiskriminierung ist es mir besonders wichtig, arbeitsmarktrelevante Verbesserungen anzustoßen. Für weitergehende Überlegungen und Diskussionen bieten die vorliegenden Daten eine hervorragende Grundlage. Wobei auch klar ist: Es geht um mehr als Zahlen - es geht um Menschen. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass 47 Prozent der Beschäftigten in Berlin in (sehr) hohem Maß von den Folgen des Personalmangels betroffen sind. Besonders deutlich wird dieser Mangel in den Gesundheitsberufen, den Informatikberufen, den naturwissenschaftlichen Berufen sowie in den Verkehrs-, Logistik-, Sicherheits- und Reinigungsberufen bemerkbar. Für Beschäftigte heißt dies häufig zusätzliche Aufgaben und Überlastung, was zur Verschlechterung der Arbeitsbedingungen und der Arbeitsqualität sowie zu sinkender Arbeitszufriedenheit führen kann. Die Umbrüche durch Digitalisierung, demographischen Wandel und die klimagerechte Transformation von Wirtschaft und Arbeitswelt werden branchenbezogene Personal- und Fachkräftebedarfe weiter erhöhen. Der Senat arbeitet auch vor diesem Hintergrund an einer umfassenden Fachkräftestrategie, die Unternehmen und Beschäftigte bei der Transformation unterstützt, bisher ungenutzte Fachkräftepotentiale erschließt und die Aus- und Weiterbildung künftiger Fachkräfte befördern soll. Schlechte Arbeitsbedingungen und Unzufriedenheit der Beschäftigten haben unterschiedliche Ursachen. Eine der am häufigsten angegebenen Belastungsgründe ist eine nicht auskömmliche Bezahlung. Insgesamt 78 Prozent der Befragten, die ihr Einkommen als nicht ausreichend einschätzen, fühlen sich davon (eher) stark belastet. Männer fühlen sich von geringerer Bezahlung stärker belastet. Frauen sind aber in der Regel diejenigen, die durchschnittlich weniger Einkommen erzielen. So lag der Gender-Pay-Gap 2024 immer noch bei 16 Prozent. Um die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf besser meistern zu können, sind neben der Bezahlung auch alternative Unterstützungsangebote von Arbeitgebenden wie die Nutzung von Homeoffice oder flexible Arbeitszeiten insbesondere für Beschäftigte, die Care Arbeit leisten, sehr wichtig. Vornehmlich in Bezug auf Homeoffice ist hier in über der Hälfte der Betriebe noch Luft nach oben. Ein umso erfreulicheres Ergebnis der Befragung ist, dass sich insgesamt nur sehr wenige Befragte Sorgen um ihre berufliche Zukunft machen. Es ist besonders wichtig, in Mitarbeitende zu investieren und sie weiterzubilden, um ihnen Fähigkeiten im Umgang mit neuen Entwicklungen wie künstlicher Intelligenz mitzugeben." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Chadambuka, Cyndirela, Prossy Kiddu Namyalo, Rhea Raghunauth, Navya Arora, Fiona Kouyoumdjian & Beverley M. Essue (2025): Precarious employment and gender-based violence against migrant women. A scoping review mapping the intersections. In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 20, H. 12. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0337690

Abstract

"The risk of gender-based violence (GBV) against migrant women is largely exacerbated by precarious employment opportunities available to them as they go through the resettlement process. Despite the risk that the connection of precarious employment and GBV pose to migrant women’s health and wellbeing, critical gaps exist in literature. Our scoping review sought to identify and synthesize evidence on the interconnectedness of GBV and precarious employment among migrant women. Six electronic databases were searched for empirical literature and two reviewers independently conducted title/abstract and full text screening of studies that met the inclusion criteria. Data synthesis was guided by the intersectionality theory and the Feminist Political Economy framework. 50 articles met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Our findings reveal that precarious employment plays both a catalytic and consequential role in GBV. Findings highlighted how post-migration shifts in gender roles, schedule unpredictability leading to work-life imbalance, and debt bondage trap migrant women in cycles of exploitation and abuse. Few studies highlighted how human trafficking is intertwined with precarious labor markets, where the exploitation and abuse of migrant women mirror the characteristics of human trafficking. This review underscores the urgent need for integrated policy responses that are not only focused on individual supports but also address the structural drivers or labor precarity and protect migrant women from GBV and human trafficking. By applying an intersectional lens, policies and intervention programs can tackle systemic oppression across economic, and social systems essential in reducing exploitation and abuse to advance migrant women’s wellbeing." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

De Moortel, Deborah, Rebeka Balogh, Miriam Engels & Julie Vanderleyden (2025): Employment Quality and Mental Health in Germany: the Mismatch of Low Employment Quality with Work and Family Values by Gender. In: Social Science & Medicine, Jg. 371. DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117906

Abstract

"Empirical evidence on whether low-quality employment is detrimental to workers’ mental health is mostly cross-sectional and empirical evidence on pathways linking employment quality (EQ) to mental health remains scarce. Consequently, this study examines subsequent mental health associations of low-quality employment. Associations between EQ and mental health are investigated through a typology of employment arrangements. This study also investigates whether the relation between EQ types and subsequent mental health is different for workers with varying intensities of work and family values (i.e., importance of success at work and of having children, respectively) across genders. Using a large representative German panel dataset and Latent Class Cluster Analysis, EQ types are built and linked to mental health two years later. We assess two- and three-way interactions between EQ types and values, and between EQ types, gender and values, respectively. We found six EQ types: SER-like, precarious unsustainable, precarious full-time, SER-light, portfolio and protected part-time employment. Controlled for socio-demographic characteristics, precarious unsustainable employment for men and precarious full-time employment for women were associated to lower mental health after two years, compared to SER-like employment. Although protected part-time employment related to worse mental health for those with moderate to strong work and family values, compared to those with mild values, the interactions show an unclear pattern of the moderating role of values for the relation between EQ and subsequent mental health, for both men and women. This study should be replicated in other countries to confirm similar associations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.) ((en))

Zitatform

Elling, Jan Mathis, Christian Hetzel, Sarah Hampel, Adelheid von Spee & Greta Ollertz (2025): Wie steht es um die Gesundheit pflegender erwerbstätiger Personen? Analyse einer Erwerbstätigenbefragung mittels Propensity Score Matching. In: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie, Jg. 58, H. 4, S. 296-302. DOI:10.1007/s00391-024-02387-0

Abstract

"Hintergrund: Der Großteil der pflegebedürften Menschen in Deutschland wird zu Hause von Angehörigen oder anderen Bezugspersonen gepflegt. Viele informell Pflegende sind zudem erwerbstätig und stehen somit vor der Herausforderung, die Anforderungen beider Lebensbereiche zu vereinbaren. Dabei besteht die Gefahr, dass die eigene Gesundheit der Pflegenden leidet. Fragestellungen: (1) Inwiefern steht eine Pflegeverantwortung im privaten Umfeld bei Erwerbstätigen mit gesundheitlichen Beschwerden im Zusammenhang? (2) Innerhalb der Gruppe der pflegenden erwerbstätigen Personen, inwiefern stehen der Umfang von informeller Pflege und Erwerbsarbeit mit gesundheitlichen Beschwerden im Zusammenhang? Material und Methoden: Die Datenbasis dieser Sekundärdatenanalyse ist die BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018. Um systematische Strukturunterschiede zwischen Pflegenden und Nichtpflegenden in den Analysen zu berücksichtigen, wurde das Propensity Score Matching angewendet. Ergebnisse und Diskussion: Pflegende Erwerbstätige haben häufiger psychosomatische und körperliche Beschwerden als Erwerbstätige ohne Pflegeverantwortung. Erwerbsarbeitszeit und Pflegeumfang stehen in Beziehung zueinander, und ein hoher Umfang in beiden Lebensbereichen ist mit schlechterer Gesundheit assoziiert. Schlussfolgerung: Personen, die neben ihrer Berufstätigkeit Pflegeaufgaben übernehmen, sind häufig gesundheitlich belastet. Daher sind gezielte Interventionen zur Gesundheitsförderung notwendig, um diese Gruppe zu unterstützen und ihre Gesundheit zu verbessern." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Eyjólfsdóttir, Harpa S., Tale Hellevik, Katharina Herlofson, Axel West Pedersen, Carin Lennartsson & Marijke Veenstra (2025): Poor psychosocial work environment: a ticket to retirement? Variations by gender and education. In: European Journal of Ageing, Jg. 22. DOI:10.1007/s10433-025-00855-z

Abstract

"Many countries, including Norway, are implementing policies to delay retirement and encourage older workers to remain in the labour market. Improving psychosocial working conditions may motivate older workers to continue working. While research has linked psychosocial working characteristics to retirement intentions and work exit, there is a knowledge gap regarding gender and socioeconomic differences in these influences. This study investigates the impact of psychosocial working characteristics on employment exit among older workers, examining variations by gender and educational attainment. Data were drawn from the Norwegian Life Course, Ageing, and Generation study (NorLAG) collected in 2007 and 2017 (N = 2,065) linked to income register data for four subsequent years. Time-to-event analyses revealed that poorer psychosocial working environment increased the likelihood of employment exit. For women, low autonomy was significant, while for men significant associations were found for high job stress, low job variety, lack of appreciation, limited learning opportunities, accumulation of poor job resources, and job strain. Interaction analysis showed only significant gender differences for few learning opportunities and poor job resources. Separate analyses stratified by educational attainment showed no significant association for those with compulsory education, while those with higher levels of education were more likely to retire if faced with low job variety, low autonomy, and poor job resources–yet interaction analysis showed no significant differences. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at delaying retirement should consider gender and socioeconomic differences, providing older workers with more control over their tasks and equitable access to learning opportunities and resources." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))