Digitale Arbeitswelt – Chancen und Herausforderungen für Beschäftigte und Arbeitsmarkt
Der digitale Wandel der Arbeitswelt gilt als eine der großen Herausforderungen für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Wie arbeiten wir in Zukunft? Welche Auswirkungen hat die Digitalisierung und die Nutzung Künstlicher Intelligenz auf Beschäftigung und Arbeitsmarkt? Welche Qualifikationen werden künftig benötigt? Wie verändern sich Tätigkeiten und Berufe? Welche arbeits- und sozialrechtlichen Konsequenzen ergeben sich daraus?
Dieses Themendossier dokumentiert Forschungsergebnisse zum Thema in den verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen und Regionen.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
- Gesamtbetrachtungen/Positionen
- Arbeitsformen, Arbeitszeit und Gesundheit
- Qualifikationsanforderungen und Berufe
- Arbeitsplatz- und Beschäftigungseffekte
- Wirtschaftsbereiche
- Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Aspekte / digitale soziale Sicherung
- Deutschland
- Andere Länder/ internationaler Vergleich
- Besondere Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Effects of digital innovation on income inequality among different workforces: evidence from Chinese industries (2025)
Zhou, Yongguang; Xie, Weihong; Li, Qun; Li, Jingwu;Zitatform
Zhou, Yongguang, Weihong Xie, Jingwu Li & Qun Li (2025): Effects of digital innovation on income inequality among different workforces: evidence from Chinese industries. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 57, H. 22, S. 2809-2821. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2024.2331424
Abstract
"To understand the impact of digital innovation on the workforce and its role in achieving common prosperity, this paper uses data from Chinese A-share listed companies during 2006–2021 to investigate the effects of digital innovation on income inequality among different industry-level groups. We find that digital innovation significantly reduces income inequality among employees across industries, but it does not significantly impact income inequality within management groups. Through mechanistic analysis, we find that digital innovation decreases income inequality among ordinary employees whose incomes are closely linked to company performance and thereby for the entire workforce by narrowing the income gap across industries. However, as digital innovation does not significantly influence evaluation systems (e.g. educational degrees) for management income, it does not contribute to reducing income inequality among managerial levels. These findings provide valuable insights to develop policies for common prosperity." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Education Policy Outlook 2025: Nurturing Engaged and Resilient Lifelong Learners in a World of Digital Transformation (2025)
Zitatform
(2025): Education Policy Outlook 2025. Nurturing Engaged and Resilient Lifelong Learners in a World of Digital Transformation. (OECD Education Policy Perspectives), Paris, 153 S. DOI:10.1787/c3f402ba-en
Abstract
"Lifelong learning is essential for building inclusive, resilient and future-ready societies. Yet, rapid digitalisation and demographic shifts are changing how, when and why people learn throughout life. This report explores how countries and economies can strengthen individuals’ agency as lifelong learners, supporting people to take an active role in identifying, acquiring and applying new knowledge and skills across diverse contexts. It views lifelong learners as individuals who mobilise their will, skills and means to keep learning and adapting. The report identifies four critical life moments when individuals are particularly open to learning – or at risk of disengagement – and when well-targeted policy support can make the greatest difference: early childhood, mid-to-late adolescence, mid-career and approaching retirement. Drawing on analysis of 230 policies across 35 education systems, as well as international evidence and policy developments, the report explores how countries design and implement lifelong learning policies. In doing so, the report aims to support countries in advancing the goals set by the 2022 OECD Declaration on Building Equitable Societies Through Education. This publication is part of the Education Policy Outlook series – the OECD’s analytical observatory of education policy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
OECD Skills Outlook 2025: Building the Skills of the 21st Century for All (2025)
Zitatform
(2025): OECD Skills Outlook 2025. Building the Skills of the 21st Century for All. (OECD skills outlook), Paris, 261 S. DOI:10.1787/26163cd3-en
Abstract
"The OECD Skills Outlook 2025 examines how countries can build the 21st-century skills needed to sustain growth and social progress. It explores how differences in background, education and opportunity shape who develops, uses and benefits from key skills such as literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving. Differential access to skills development limits the potential of many, thereby constraining economic performance. Socio-economic background strongly influences who builds skills that are valued in the labour market, whereas differences between men and women appear mainly in how skills are used and rewarded. As skill demands evolve faster than policy cycles, investing in lifelong learning and using timely labour-market intelligence are crucial to help people adapt, strengthen productivity and ensure that no one is left behind in a changing world." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Routine and non-routine sectors, tasks automation and wage polarization (2024)
Zitatform
Afonso, Óscar & Rosa Forte (2024): Routine and non-routine sectors, tasks automation and wage polarization. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 56, H. 55, S. 7262-7285. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2023.2280461
Abstract
"Recent and detailed data point to a polarization of wages with regard to the distribution of skills, particularly in developed countries over the past three decades, requiring the literature to address modelling approaches focused on automating different types of tasks. In the DTC literature, the technological-knowledge bias leads to an increase in the wage of skilled workers relative to unskilled workers. Motivated by this literature, this paper considers three types of workers (skilled, medium-skilled and unskilled) but retain the economic mechanisms that produce the results. Thus, wage inequality continues to result from the technological-knowledge bias, which, in the face of automation dynamics, reveals that medium-skilled workers are the relatively most penalized, generating wage polarization. Furthermore, as in the directed technical change literature, the relative supply of skilled workers continues to affect the skill premium." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of ICT and robots on labour market outcomes of demographic groups in Europe (2024)
Zitatform
Albinowski, Maciej & Piotr Lewandowski (2024): The impact of ICT and robots on labour market outcomes of demographic groups in Europe. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 87. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102481
Abstract
"We study the age- and gender-specific labour market effects of two key modern technologies, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and robots. Our sample includes 14 European countries between 2010 and 2018. We use the variation in technology adoption between industries and apply the instrumental variables strategy proposed by Acemoglu and Restrepo (2020) to identify the causal effects of technology adoption. We find that exposure to ICT and robots increased the shares of young and prime-aged women in employment and in the wage bills of particular sectors. However, it reduced the shares of older women and prime-aged men. We do not detect significant effects of technology adoption on the relative wages of most demographic groups. Between 2010 and 2018, the growth in ICT capital played a larger role than robot adoption in the changes in the withinsector labor market outcomes of demographic groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, ©2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
New Technologies, Migration and Labour Market Adjustment: An Intra-European Perspective (2024)
Zitatform
Barišić, Antea, Mahdi Ghodsi, Michael Landesmann, Alireza Sabouniha & Robert Stehrer (2024): New Technologies, Migration and Labour Market Adjustment: An Intra-European Perspective. (WIIW policy notes and reports 77), Wien, 26 S.
Abstract
"In this note, we study the relationship between the use of new technologies (e.g. robots and various ICT assets), labor demand and migration patterns. The adoption of new technologies might change the demand for labor in various ways, which in turn will have an impact on skill composition and wage levels of different types of workers. We report the main results from a study that first analyses the impact of robot adoption on wages by sector and skills. Second, we study the impact of robot adoption in manufacturing industries on the attraction of migrants while controlling for other factors in the labor demand function. This is followed by an analysis of push and pull factors of bilateral migration that focuses on the impact of relative automation gaps across countries. Finally, using the OeNB Euro Survey, we examine determinants of the intention to migrate and the role of income differentials between the countries of origin and destination." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Did robots make wages less responsive to unemployment? (2024)
Zitatform
Brzozowski, Michał & Joanna Siwińska-Gorzelak (2024): Did robots make wages less responsive to unemployment? In: Technological forecasting & social change, Jg. 209. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123769
Abstract
"Over recent years, there has been a notable change in the relationship that ties wage dynamics and unemployment, bearing significant implications for the formulation and implementation of monetary policies. Previous studies have identified a range of factors that potentially underlie this phenomenon but neglected the impact of robotisation. This paper seeks to address this gap by using data for 33 advanced economies and presenting compelling and robust empirical evidence of the moderating effect of robotisation on the relationship between unemployment and wage inflation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Spatial and Occupational Mobility of Workers Due to Automation (2024)
Zitatform
Burzyński, Michał (2024): Spatial and Occupational Mobility of Workers Due to Automation. (LISER working papers 2024-04), Esch-sur-Alzette, 52 S.
Abstract
"Automation of labor tasks is one of the most dynamic aspects of recent technological progress. This paper aims at improving our understanding of the way that automation affects labor markets, analyzing the example of European countries. The quantitative theoretical methodology proposed in this paper allows to focus on automation-induced migration of workers, occupation switching and income inequality. The key findings include that automation in the first two decades of the 21st century had a significant impact on job upgrading of native workers and generated gains in many local labor markets. Even though net migration of workers was attenuated due to convergence in incomes across European regions, mobility at occupation levels had a sizeable impact on transmitting welfare effects of automation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and the direction of technical change (2024)
Zitatform
Casey, Gregory (2024): Unemployment and the direction of technical change. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 168. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2024.104802
Abstract
"I construct and analyze a growth model in which technical change can increase unemployment. I first analyze the forces that deliver a constant steady state unemployment rate in this setting. Labor-saving technical change increases unemployment, which lowers wages and creates incentives for future investment in labor-using technologies. In the long run, this interaction generates a balanced growth path that is observationally equivalent to that of the standard neoclassical growth model, except that it also incorporates a positive steady state level of unemployment and a falling relative price of investment. I also study the effects of a permanent increase in the ability of R&D to improve labor-saving technologies. In the long run, this change leads to faster growth in output per worker and wages, but it also yields higher unemployment and a lower labor share of income. In the short run, this change exacerbates existing inefficiencies and slows economic growth." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wie bewältigen Regionen die digitale und ökologische Transformation von Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt? (Podium) (2024)
Dauth, Wolfgang ; Solms, Anna; Grienberger, Katharina ; Lehmer, Florian ; Moritz, Michael ; Müller, Steffen ; Fitzenberger, Bernd ; Plümpe, Verena; Falck, Oliver ; Bauer, Anja ; Sonnenburg, Anja; Janser, Markus ; Schneemann, Christian ; Diegmann, André ; Matthes, Britta ; Solms, Anna;Zitatform
Dauth, Wolfgang & Michael Moritz; Katharina Grienberger, Florian Lehmer, Steffen Müller, Bernd Fitzenberger, Verena Plümpe, Oliver Falck, Anja Bauer, Anja Sonnenburg, Markus Janser, Christian Schneemann, André Diegmann, Britta Matthes & Anna Solms (sonst. bet. Pers.) (2024): Wie bewältigen Regionen die digitale und ökologische Transformation von Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt? (Podium). In: IAB-Forum H. 06.05.2024. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20240506.01
Abstract
"Was bedeuten die absehbaren Transformationsprozesse der kommenden Jahrzehnte auf regionaler Ebene und wie können sie gemeistert werden? Antworten auf diese Fragen gab der IWH/IAB-Workshop zur Arbeitsmarktpolitik, der in diesem Jahr erstmals am IAB in Nürnberg stattfand." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Dauth, Wolfgang ; Grienberger, Katharina ; Lehmer, Florian ; Moritz, Michael ; Fitzenberger, Bernd ; Janser, Markus ; Schneemann, Christian ; Diegmann, André ; Matthes, Britta ; -
Literaturhinweis
Training, Automation, and Wages: International Worker-Level Evidence (2024)
Zitatform
Falck, Oliver, Yuchen Guo, Christina Langer, Valentin Lindlacher & Simon Wiederhold (2024): Training, Automation, and Wages: International Worker-Level Evidence. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17503), Bonn, 72 S.
Abstract
"Job training is widely regarded as crucial for protecting workers from automation, yet there is a lack of empirical evidence to support this belief. Using internationally harmonized data from over 90,000 workers across 37 industrialized countries, we construct an individual-level measure of automation risk based on tasks performed at work. Our analysis reveals substantial within-occupation variation in automation risk, overlooked by existing occupation-level measures. To assess whether job training mitigates automation risk, we exploit within-occupation and within-industry variation. Additionally, we employ entropy balancing to re-weight workers without job training based on a rich set of background characteristics, including tested numeracy skills as a proxy for unobserved ability. We find that job training reduces workers' automation risk by 4.7 percentage points, equivalent to 10 percent of the average automation risk. The training-induced reduction in automation risk accounts for one-fifth of the wage returns to job training. Job training is effective in reducing automation risk and increasing wages across nearly all countries, underscoring the external validity of our findings. Women tend to benefit more from training than men, with the advantage becoming particularly pronounced at older ages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Assessing the impact of new technologies on wages and labour income shares (2024)
Zitatform
Ghodsi, Mahdi, Robert Stehrer & Antea Barišić (2024): Assessing the impact of new technologies on wages and labour income shares. In: Technological forecasting & social change, Jg. 209. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123782
Abstract
"This paper advances the literature on the impacts of new technologies on labor markets, focusing on wage and labor income shares. Using a dataset from 32 countries and 38 industries, we analyze the effects of new technologies – proxied by patents, information and communication technology (ICT) capital usage, and robot intensity – on average wages and labour income shares over time. Our results indicate a positive correlation between patents and wage levels along with a minor negative impact on labor income shares, suggesting that technology rents are not fully passed on to labor. Robot intensity is positively associated with labor income shares, while ICT capital has an insignificant effect. These effects persist over time and are reinforced by global value chain (GVC) linkages. Our conclusions align with recent research indicating that new technologies have a generally limited impact on wages and labour income shares." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Will robot replace workers? Assessing the impact of robots on employment and wages with meta-analysis (2024)
Zitatform
Guarascio, Dario, Alessandro Piccirillo & Jelena Reljic (2024): Will robot replace workers? Assessing the impact of robots on employment and wages with meta-analysis. (LEM working paper series / Laboratory of Economics and Management 2024,03), Pisa, 31 S.
Abstract
"This study conducts a meta-analysis to assess the effects of robotization on employment and wages, compiling data from 33 studies with 644 estimates on employment and a subset of 19 studies with 195 estimates on wages. We identify a publication bias towards negative outcomes, especially concerning wages. After correcting for this bias, the actual impact appears minimal. Thus, concerns about the disruptive effects of robots on employment and the risk of widespread technological unemployment may be exaggerated or not yet empirically supported. While this does not preclude that robots will be capable of gaining greater disruptive potential in the future or that they are not already disruptive in specific contexts, the evidence to date suggests their aggregate effect is negligible." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Training, Automation, and Wages: Worker-Level Evidence (2024)
Zitatform
Guo, Yuchen Mo, Oliver Falck, Christina Langer, Valentin Lindlacher & Simon Wiederhold (2024): Training, Automation, and Wages: Worker-Level Evidence. In: Verein für Socialpolitik (Hrsg.) (2024): Upcoming Labor Market Challenges. Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2024.
Abstract
"This paper investigates the impact of job training on workers’ susceptibility to automation. Using rich individual-level data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) across 37 industrialized countries, we construct a unique individual-level measure of automation risk based on the tasks performed at work. We uncover substantial variation in automation risk within detailed occupations, which would have been overlooked by previous occupation-level automation measures. To estimate the effect of training on workers’ automation risk, we include tested numeracy skills as a proxy for unobserved ability that are unique to our data, and apply entropy balancing to account for selection bias. We find that job training is an important factor in explaining workers’ susceptibility to automation, even within narrowly defined occupations. Our results show that workers who participate in job training witness a 4.7 percentage point reduction in their automation risk compared to observationally equivalent workers without training. Additionally, workers participating in training earn approximately 8 percent higher wages compared to their counterparts without training. While training is effective in reducing automation risk and increasing wages in all sample countries, there is a substantial heterogeneity in the magnitude of training effects. Moreover, training benefits both younger and older workers equally, and is more effective for women. Our findings thus underscore the crucial role of training in enabling the workforce to adapt and thrive amidst evolving technological changes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job computerization, occupational employment and wages: A comparative study of the United States, Germany, and Japan (2024)
Zitatform
Heluo, Yuxi & Oliver Fabel (2024): Job computerization, occupational employment and wages: A comparative study of the United States, Germany, and Japan. In: Technological forecasting & social change, Jg. 209. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123772
Abstract
"This study adds to the growing literature on wage and employment responses to the risk of job computerization. Specifically, it revisits the original occupational perspective and inquires into the nature of the adjustments of occupational wages and employment, i.e., the potential benefits and costs associated with professional careers in such occupations. The investigation further aims at identifying whether these adjustment processes are universal - as suggested by the global availability of the respective technology - or reflect country-specific peculiarities. To this end, it conducts a comparative analysis with data from the United States, Germany, and Japan, three G7 lead countries which share the commitment to fostering technological progress, but which are also characterized by distinctly different labor market institutions and approaches to industrial policies. Generally consistent with the country-specific employment institutions and common corporate strategies, transmission channels - as reflected by the relationship between adjustments of occupational employment and wages - differ between countries. In all three countries, though, higher risks of computerization are associated with relative wage losses in occupations which require low levels of formal education or training." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Automation and Offshoring on Wage Inequality in Japan (2024)
Kikuchi, Shinnosuke; Kikuchi, Shinnosuke;Zitatform
Kikuchi, Shinnosuke (2024): Automation and Offshoring on Wage Inequality in Japan. (RIETI discussion paper 24046), Tokyo, 24 S.
Abstract
"I examine the effect of task displacement from automation technology and offshoring on wage inequality using data for Japan since 1980. First, I do not find evidence that task displacement from automation increases wage inequality, which contrasts with the finding for the US. Second, I find that the rise in offshoring has distributional consequences and is progressive after the mid-1990s. The surge in offshoring is concentrated in industries where ex-ante low-wage workers work and disproportionally increases their wages. This increase in wages is due to the increases in monthly payroll, decreases in hours worked, decreases in employment rate, and decreases in the share of offshorable occupations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Is the wage premium on using computers at work gender-specific? (2024)
Zitatform
Kristal, Tali, Efrat Herzberg-Druker & Adena White (2024): Is the wage premium on using computers at work gender-specific? In: Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, Jg. 89. DOI:10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100890
Abstract
"Past research on the relationship between computers and wages has revealed two stylized facts. First, workers who use a computer at work earn higher wages than similar workers who do not (termed as ‘the computer wage premium’). Second, women are more likely to use a computer at work than are men. Given the recognized computer wage premium and women’s advantage in computer use at work, we ask: Is the wage premium on using computers at work gender- or non-gender-specific? Given gendered processes operating at both the occupational and within-occupation levels, we expect that returns to computer usage are gender-bias. This contrasts the skill-biased technological change (SBTC) theory assumption that the theorized pathways through which computers boost earnings are non-gender-specific productivity-enhancing mechanisms. Analyzing occupational data on computer use at work from O*NET attached to the 1979–2016 Current Population Surveys (CPS) and individual-level data from the 2012 Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), we find that the computer wage premium is biased in favor of men at the occupation level. We conclude by suggesting that computer-based technologies relate to reproducing old forms of gender pay inequality due to gendered processes that operate mainly at the structural level (i.e., occupations) rather than at the individual level." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Robotization and returns to tasks (2024)
Parmentier, Lucas;Zitatform
Parmentier, Lucas (2024): Robotization and returns to tasks. In: Economics Bulletin, Jg. 44, H. 4, S. 1545-1551.
Abstract
"I provide new evidence of the impacts of robotization on the returns to tasks in US labor markets between 1990 and 2007. I find that the adoption of one robot per thousand workers increases the changes in the returns to abstract and routine tasks by 0.049 and 0.066 percentage points, respectively, relative to manual tasks. These magnitudes imply that the adoption of one robot per thousand workers has substantial effects on wages since it increases wages by 1.70% due to the positive impact of robotization on the returns to abstract tasks, and by 3.76% due to the positive effects on the returns to routine tasks. The results are robust to various specifications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of a decade of digital transformation on employment, wages, and inequality in the EU: A “conveyor belt” hypothesis (2024)
Richiardi, Matteo ; Neysan, Khabirpour; Caterina, Astarita; Ekkehard, Ernst; Leonie, Westhoff; Lorenzo, Pelizzari; Clare, Fenwick;Zitatform
Richiardi, Matteo, Westhoff Leonie, Astarita Caterina, Ernst Ekkehard, Fenwick Clare, Khabirpour Neysan & Pelizzari Lorenzo (2024): The impact of a decade of digital transformation on employment, wages, and inequality in the EU: A “conveyor belt” hypothesis. (CeMPA working paper series / Centre for Microsimulation and Policy Analysis (CeMPA) 5/24), Centre for Microsimulation and Policy Analysis at the Institute for Social and Economic Research 54 S.
Abstract
"We study the effects of digital transformation in the EU on individual employment outcomes, wage growth, and income inequality, during the decade 2010-2019. Our results allow us to formulate a “conveyor belt” hypothesis, whereas digital skills are important for finding a job, but less so for retaining it. The ability of out-of-work individuals with higher digital skills to jump back on the labour market is reduced for those with higher education, suggesting a faster depreciation of their digital skills. A similar effect, although of limited size, is found for earning growth: out-of-work individuals with higher digital skills are not only more likely to find a job, but experience higher earning growth, compared to their peers with lower digital skills. Our results point to a vulnerability of workers “left behind” from the digital transformation and the labour market. The overall effects on inequality are, however, limited." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Skill Supply, Technology Diffusion and the Labor Market (2024)
Zitatform
Stepanok, Ignat & Mewael F. Tesfaselassie (2024): Skill Supply, Technology Diffusion and the Labor Market. In: German Economic Review, Jg. 25, H. 2, S. 101-125., 2024-05-28. DOI:10.1515/ger-2023-0098
Abstract
"We analyze the short and long-run effects of an increase in the skill supply on skill-specific wages and unemployment in a model with endogenous, nonlinear diffusion of a general purpose technology (GPT) and labor market frictions. We calibrate and simulate the model using the trend rise in relative skill supply in the U.S. over two decades starting in the early 1970s. The transitional dynamics of the model show (i) an initial slump and long-run rise in the relative wage of high-skill labor and (ii) a long-run rise in the relative level of unemployment of low-skill versus high-skill labor. An increase in the number of skilled individuals reduces hiring costs and increases the incentive for firms to engage in the costly adoption of a new GPT. Stronger labor market rigidity and higher worker bargaining power are shown to have similar effects on relative wages and unemployment: changes in relative wages are more pronounced, whereas the response of relative unemployment is muted. The exact opposite effects are found in the case of a higher degree of substitution between products." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku; © De Gruyter) ((en))
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- Gesamtbetrachtungen/Positionen
- Arbeitsformen, Arbeitszeit und Gesundheit
- Qualifikationsanforderungen und Berufe
- Arbeitsplatz- und Beschäftigungseffekte
- Wirtschaftsbereiche
- Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Aspekte / digitale soziale Sicherung
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