Niedriglohnarbeitsmarkt
Der Ausbau des Niedriglohnsektors sollte Ende der 1990er Jahre die hohe Arbeitslosigkeit reduzieren. Als Niedriglohn gilt ein Arbeitsentgelt, das trotz Vollzeitbeschäftigung keine angemessene Existenzsicherung gewährleistet – die OECD definiert den ihn als einen Bruttolohn, der unterhalb von zwei Dritteln des nationalen Medianbruttolohns aller Vollzeitbeschäftigten liegt. Betroffen von Niedriglöhnen sind überdurchschnittlich häufig Personen ohne beruflichen Abschluss, jüngere Erwerbstätige und Frauen.
Bietet der Niedriglohnsektor eine Chance zum Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt oder ist er eine Sackgasse? Das IAB-Themendossier erschließt Informationen zum Forschungsstand.
Mit dem Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
- Theorie
- Politik und Maßnahmen
- Arbeitsmarkt- und Lohnentwicklung
- Arbeitswelt, Personalpolitik
- Personengruppen
- Wirtschaftszweige
- Geschlecht
- geografischer Bezug
- Alter
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Literaturhinweis
In-work poverty and labour market trajectories: poverty risks among the working population in 22 European countries (2015)
Zitatform
Halleröd, Björn, Hans Ekbrand & Mattias Bengtsson (2015): In-work poverty and labour market trajectories. Poverty risks among the working population in 22 European countries. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 25, H. 5, S. 473-488. DOI:10.1177/0958928715608794
Abstract
"Is in-work poverty a low-wage or an unemployment problem, and is it the same problem all across Europe? Because of the definitional ambiguity, we really do not know. In this article, we use longitudinal European Union-Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data from 22 countries and derive a set of distinct clusters of labour market trajectories (LMTs) from information about monthly labour market position from a 36-month observation window and estimate in-work poverty risk for each LMT. The results show that in-work poverty is a problem that affects the self-employed and people in a marginal labour market position, that is, those who for different reasons move in and out of employment. Hence, in-work poverty is mainly an unemployment problem, not a low-wage problem. Besides the fact that the size of LMTs varies between countries, we also expected to find systematic country differences in the effect of LMTs. The analysis did not support that assumption." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of labour market reform policies on insiders' and outsiders' low-wage risk (2014)
Zitatform
Giesselmann, Marco (2014): The impact of labour market reform policies on insiders' and outsiders' low-wage risk. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 30, H. 5, S. 549-561. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcu053
Abstract
"Taking a cross-national comparative perspective, this study analyses differences in individual determinants of the low-wage risk across institutional settings. It builds on previous research that dealt with the impact of labour market reform measures on the distribution of labour market risks in advanced economies. It is widely held that such reforms have a particularly adverse effect on labour market outsiders, specifically on entrants to the labour market. We seek to differentiate this assumption and to show that this presumed effect is conditional on the configuration of the bargaining system. Using hierarchical models that match EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) microdata with several macro indicators for 20 countries, we find that, in contexts with a high degree of bargaining centralization, the relative low-wage risk of entrants and re-entrants from inactivity increases with commodification and deregulation. If bargaining is decentralized, however, the effects of labour market reform policies on insider/outsider disparities are marginal. Additionally, we show that the same still holds true if a measure of employment protection legislation (EPL) is regarded as the moderating institutional filter. We explain these findings with theoretical concerns based on the concept of closure. These predict that centralized bargaining structures and high EPL (or, rather, closed employment relationships) will systematically channel risks produced by reform measures to the periphery of the labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Patterns of integration: low educated people and their jobs in Norway, Italy and Hungary (2013)
Köllö, János;Zitatform
Köllö, János (2013): Patterns of integration. Low educated people and their jobs in Norway, Italy and Hungary. (IZA discussion paper 7632), Bonn, 32 S.
Abstract
"The paper looks at how the distribution of jobs by complexity and firms' willingness to hire low educated labor for jobs of different complexity contribute to unskilled employment in Norway, Italy and Hungary. In search of how unqualified workers can attend complex jobs, it compares their involvement in various forms of post-school skills formation. The countries are also compared by the weight of small firms, which are assumed to assist low skilled workers through interpersonal relationships. The data suggest that unskilled employment in Norway benefits from synergies between work in skill-intensive jobs, intense adult training, informal learning and involvement in civil activities. In Italy, workplaces requiring no literacy skills at all have the largest contribution but small businesses tend to employ low educated workers at a large scale even in highly complex jobs. In Hungary, insufficient skills (relative to Norway) and an undersized small-firm sector (relative to Italy) set limits to the inclusion of the low educated. An extreme degree of social isolation is likely to deteriorate their skills and jobs prospects further." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Capacities and vulnerabilities in precarious work: the perspective of employees in European low wage work. Synthesis report on employees' experiences and work trajectories for Workpackage 7 of the walqing project (2012)
Hohnen, Pernille;Zitatform
Hohnen, Pernille (2012): Capacities and vulnerabilities in precarious work. The perspective of employees in European low wage work. Synthesis report on employees' experiences and work trajectories for Workpackage 7 of the walqing project. Wien, 174 S.
Abstract
"The report discusses work and life quality in new and growing jobs from an individual perspective. The empirical data on which the analysis is based consists of 22 country reports investigating elderly care, cleaning, catering, waste collection and construction in 11 different countries (4-5 countries per sector, see the matrix table below). Each country report is based on 20-25 individual semi-structured interviews with employees working in the selected sector and business functions.
The report consists of this introduction, five chapters, each focusing on one sector, and a conclusion. The chapters follow the same structure by starting with a brief introduction of the main characteristics of work in the sector. The remaining part of each chapter is organized into four sections. The first concentrates on workers' perceptions of the main quality of work and life issues. Then follows a section on agency, career trajectories and career options. The next section examines vulnerability in work and processes of vulnerabilization in the sector. Finally, the last section discusses workers' aspirations and capacities to aspire, followed by a summary and conclusion. The last concluding chapter discusses cross-sector findings in terms of the impact of new and growing jobs on individual lives, and highlights some trends in the present labour market and their possible implications for vulnerability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Hard work: Job quality and organisation in European low-wage sectors: synthesis report on company case studies for work package 6 of the walqing project (2012)
Zitatform
Holtgrewe, Ursula & Karin Sardadvar (2012): Hard work: Job quality and organisation in European low-wage sectors. Synthesis report on company case studies for work package 6 of the walqing project. Wien, 196 S.
Abstract
"This report presents the findings of the company case studies conducted in Work Package 6 of the walqing project by all twelve partners in the eleven countries participating in walqing. Company case studies were used to investigate how companies are located and position themselves in the sectors and in their respective markets, how they compete and find their niches in changing environments, and how they enhance productivity by restructuring, changing work and creating new jobs. In line with the research focus, the key question the company case studies were supposed to provide an answer for was how these organisational characteristics impact the quality of work for employees. The assumption was that neither markets nor just the institutional environments and industrial relations in diverse employment regimes shape the quality of work, but that the quality of employees' work and life centrally results from managerial strategies and decision-making in the company's respective environment. We aimed to look for examples of both negative and positive configurations of work and life quality in new and expanding jobs, and for the conditions of such configurations through first describing and analysing individual cases and then comparing the findings. Indeed, comparative case study research allows for an exploration of complex causal relationships and histories of such configurations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Outsourcing and offshoring of business services: challenges to theory, management and geography of innovation (2012)
Zitatform
Massini, Silvia & Marcela Miozzo (2012): Outsourcing and offshoring of business services. Challenges to theory, management and geography of innovation. In: Regional Studies. Journal of the Regional Studies Association, Jg. 46, H. 9, S. 1219-1242. DOI:10.1080/00343404.2010.509128
Abstract
"Auf der Grundlage einer Originalerhebung erörtern wir in diesem Beitrag die Trends und Probleme beim Outsourcing und bei der Auslandsverlagerung von Geschäftsdiensten. Wir dokumentieren und analysieren die zunehmende Verlagerung von Geschäftsdiensten (Verwaltungsdiensten, Callcentern, Informationstechnologie-Diensten, Beschaffung und Produktentwicklung) von den USA und Europa in weniger entwickelte Länder und untersuchen die ausgelagerten Funktionen, die Größe und die Zielorte der auslagernden Firmen sowie die Umsetzungsmodelle. Ebenso untersuchen wir die Rolle der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik und die Entwicklung von großen, weltweit tätigen Dienstanbietern sowie von neuen Firmen in entwickelten und weniger entwickelten Ländern. Wir erörtern die Auswirkungen hinsichtlich der Outsourcing-Entscheidungen, der Globalisierung von hochgradig wertsteigernden Aktivitäten (wie z. B. Produktentwicklung und Innovation), der Probleme in sich entwickelnden Marktstrukturen und des Entstehens von fachlichen Clustern, in denen Firmen Fachwissen entwickeln, um Aktivitäten und Fachkenntnisse in einem breiten Spektrum von Sektoren anzubieten bzw. um darum zu konkurrieren." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2012: schwache Mindestlohnentwicklung unter staatlicher Austeritätspolitik (2012)
Schulten, Thorsten;Zitatform
Schulten, Thorsten (2012): WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2012. Schwache Mindestlohnentwicklung unter staatlicher Austeritätspolitik. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 65, H. 2, S. 124-130. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2012-2-124
Abstract
"Der WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2012 gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über die gegenwärtige Mindestlohnpolitik in Europa und ausgewählten außereuropäischen Staaten. Unter Auswertung der WSI-Mindestlohndatenbank werden neueste Daten zur Höhe und Entwicklung gesetzlicher Mindestlöhne präsentiert. Im Jahr 2011 wurden die Mindestlöhne in der Regel nur geringfügig angehoben oder sogar gänzlich eingefroren. In den meisten europäischen Ländern erlitten die Mindestlohnbezieher zum Teil deutliche Reallohnverluste. Im Rahmen des aktuellen Krisenmanagements in der Europäischen Union wurde die Mindestlohnpolitik zum Bestandteil einer allgemeinen Austeritätspolitik." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Niedriglohn und Geschlecht im europäischen Vergleich (2011)
George, Roman;Zitatform
George, Roman (2011): Niedriglohn und Geschlecht im europäischen Vergleich. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 64, H. 10, S. 548-555. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2011-10-548
Abstract
"Der Beitrag untersucht auf der Grundlage der EU-Gemeinschaftsstatistik über Einkommen und Lebensbedingungen (EU-SILC) Geschlechterungleichheiten in den Niedriglohnsektoren der europäischen Länder. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Frauen zumeist deutlich stärker von Niedriglohnarbeit betroffen sind als Männer. Die Ausmaße der Geschlechterungleichheiten variieren zwischen den Ländern allerdings erheblich. Die tiefer gehende Analyse der Strukturen der Geschlechterunterschiede zeigt weitere Länderunterschiede auf. Die Spannbreite der Unterschiede in der Betroffenheit von extrem niedrigen Armutslöhnen ist noch größer. Der Anteil von Teilzeit beschäftigten Frauen am gesamten Niedriglohnsektor ist in den osteuropäischen Ländern gering, während diese in mehreren westeuropäischen Ländern die größte Gruppe stellen. Mindestlöhne leisten einen Beitrag zur Erklärung dieser Differenzen, denn in Ländern mit relativ hohen gesetzlichen Mindestlöhnen fallen die Geschlechterunterschiede tendenziell geringer aus. Aber auch die Regulierung des Arbeitsmarktes durch Tarifverträge und die Beeinflussung der Frauenerwerbstätigkeit durch die sozialstaatlichen und steuerrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen haben einen Einfluss." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Context matters: economic marginalization of low-educated workers in cross-national perspective (2011)
Zitatform
Gesthuizen, Maurice, Heike Solga & Ralf Künster (2011): Context matters: economic marginalization of low-educated workers in cross-national perspective. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 27, H. 2, S. 264-280. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcq006
Abstract
"This article explains the different extent of economic marginalization of low-educated persons in different countries. Research on economic marginalization mainly studies the so-called displacement mechanism: the higher the high-skill supply is in relation to the high-skill demand, the higher is the risk of being unemployed for low-educated workers. In this article, we examine their economic marginalization in terms of status position. This research expands the explanation of economic marginalization of low-educated workers by scrutinizing additional causes, such as negative social selection, negative cognitive competence selection, and the increasing negative signal of being low educated (discredit). The results of the country comparison, using multilevel estimation techniques with inclusion of cross-level interactions, depict that, indeed, educational differences in socio-economic status attainment are larger in countries where the average competence of the group is low, the social composition is unfavourable, and the size of the low-educated group is relatively small. By considering these additional explanations, we are now better able to understand the economic vulnerability of low-educated people in educationally expanded countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Public employment services, employers and the failure of placement of low-skill workers in six European countries (2011)
Zitatform
Larsen, Christian Albrekt & Patrik Vesan (2011): Public employment services, employers and the failure of placement of low-skill workers in six European countries. (Working Papers on the Reconciliation of Work and Welfare in Europe. REC-WP 02/2011), Edinburgh, 29 S.
Abstract
"The paper explains why across Europe very few job matches are facilitated by public employment services (PES), looking at the existence of a double-sided asymmetric information problem on the labour market. It is argued that although a PES potentially reduces search costs, both employers and employees have strong incentives not to use the PES. The reason is that employers try to avoid the 'worst' employees, and employees try to avoid the 'worst' employers. Therefore PES get caught in a low-end equilibrium that is almost impossible to escape. The mechanisms leading to this low-end equilibrium are illustrated by means of qualitative interviews with 40 private employers in six European countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Offshoring and outsourcing business services to Central and Eastern Europe: some empirical and conceptual considerations (2011)
Zitatform
Sass, Magdolna & Martina Fifekova (2011): Offshoring and outsourcing business services to Central and Eastern Europe. Some empirical and conceptual considerations. In: European Planning Studies, Jg. 19, H. 9, S. 1593-1609. DOI:10.1080/09654313.2011.586196
Abstract
"The global structural shift towards service-based foreign direct investment (FDI) across the world is a relatively recent phenomenon resulting from the increased tradability of services. Although India and Ireland have traditionally been viewed as the main receiver countries, the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region is becoming an increasingly popular destination for business service offshoring and outsourcing. The article focuses first on the empirical and conceptual challenges to understanding the offshoring and outsourcing of business services in the context of significant difficulties with their definition, categorization and classification. It discusses the shortcomings of quantitative data and provides a theoretical framework needed to understand the specific patterns of service sector FDI in the context of CEE. Second, the article outlines the current position of CEE countries as destinations for service sector FDI: it analyses the patterns of service sector investment and discusses the reasons for its emergence as a receiver region. The empirical material is drawn from 30 interviews conducted with senior managers in business service foreign investment in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The article concludes that the composition of services FDI flows is changing, reflecting the growth of resource seeking vertical investment in the region. The share of CEE countries in the global flows of this type of investments is still low, but the region shows a growing potential. Its attractiveness is based on a number of factors, like availability of skilled labour with strong language skills, low costs, favourable business and stable political environment, well-developed infrastructure and geographical and cultural proximity to Western Europe." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2011: Mindestlöhne unter Krisendruck (2011)
Schulten, Thorsten;Zitatform
Schulten, Thorsten (2011): WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2011. Mindestlöhne unter Krisendruck. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 64, H. 3, S. 131-137. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2011-3-131
Abstract
"Der WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2011 gibt einen Überblick über die derzeitige Mindestlohnpolitik in Europa sowie in ausgewählten außereuropäischen Staaten. Unter Auswertung der WSI-Mindestlohndatenbank werden aktuelle Daten zur Höhe und Entwicklung gesetzlicher Mindestlöhne präsentiert. Die Mindestlohnpolitik des Jahres 2010 stand nach wie vor unter dem Vorzeichen der Krise. Zwar kam es in der Mehrzahl der Länder zu einer nominalen Erhöhung der Mindestlohnsätze, diese fiel jedoch zumeist eher moderat aus und blieb in einigen Fällen sogar hinter der Preisentwicklung zurück. Die eher bescheidene Mindestlohnbilanz des Jahres 2010 ist Ausdruck eines wachsenden politischen Drucks von Arbeitgebern und Regierungen, die darauf abzielen, das bestehende Mindestlohnniveau möglichst gering zu halten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Statistical discrimination and employers' recruitment practices for low-skilled workers (2010)
Zitatform
Bonoli, Giuliano & Karl Hinrichs (2010): Statistical discrimination and employers' recruitment practices for low-skilled workers. (Working Papers on the Reconciliation of Work and Welfare in Europe. REC-WP 10/2010), Edinburgh, 26 S.
Abstract
"This paper deals with the recruitment strategies of employers in the low-skilled segment of the labour market. We focus on low-skilled workers because they are overrepresented among jobless people and constitute the bulk of the clientele included in various activation and labour market programmes. A better understanding of the constraints and opportunities of interventions in this labour market segment may help improve their quality and effectiveness. On the basis of qualitative interviews with 41 employers in six European countries, we find that the traditional signals known to be used as statistical discrimination devices (old age, immigrant status and unemployment) play a somewhat reduced role, since these profiles are overrepresented among applicants for low skill positions. On the other hand, we find that other signals, mostly considered to be indicators of motivation, have a bigger impact in the selection process. These tend to concern the channel through which the contact with a prospective candidate is made. Unsolicited applications and recommendations from already employed workers emit a positive signal, whereas the fact of being referred by the public employment office is associated with the likelihood of lower motivation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The combined employment effects of minimum wages and labor market regulation: a meta-analysis (2010)
Boockmann, Bernhard;Zitatform
Boockmann, Bernhard (2010): The combined employment effects of minimum wages and labor market regulation. A meta-analysis. (IZA discussion paper 4983), Bonn, 30 S.
Abstract
"This paper provides a meta-analysis of 55 empirical studies estimating the employment effects of minimum wages in 15 industrial countries. It strongly confirms the notion that the effects of minimum wages are heterogeneous between countries. As possible sources of heterogeneity, it considers the benefit replacement ratio, employment protection and the collective bargaining system. While the results are in line with theoretical expectations, the degree to which they are robust differs across these institutions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
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Literaturhinweis
WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2010: unterschiedliche Strategien in der Krise (2010)
Schulten, Thorsten;Zitatform
Schulten, Thorsten (2010): WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2010. Unterschiedliche Strategien in der Krise. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 63, H. 3, S. 152-160. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2010-3-152
Abstract
"Der WSI Mindestlohnbericht 2010 gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Mindestlohnpolitik in Europa und ausgewählten außereuropäischen Staaten. Unter Auswertung der WSI-Mindestlohndatenbank werden aktuelle Daten zur Höhe und Entwicklung gesetzlicher Mindestlöhne präsentiert. Es zeigt sich, dass unter den Bedingungen der Krise die einzelnen Staaten sehr unterschiedliche Strategien verfolgen. Während in vielen Ländern die Mindestlöhne eingefroren wurden, kam es in anderen Ländern zu kräftigen Mindestlohnzuwächsen. Als Instrument zur Bekämpfung der Krise können Mindestlöhne einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Stabilisierung der privaten Nachfrage und zur Vermeidung deflationärer Tendenzen leisten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The minimum wage revisited in the enlarged EU (2010)
Vaughan-Whitehead, Daniel; Masso, Jaan ; Moutos, Thomas; Bosch, Gerhard; Nestic, Danijel; Fotoniata, Eugenia; Nolan, Brian ; Grimshaw, Damian ; Salverda, Wiemer ; Köllö, János; Skedinger, Per ; Kalina, Thomas; Krillo, Kerly; Gautie, Jerome; Erdogdu, Seyhan; Wallusch, Jacek; Tzanov, Vassil;Zitatform
(2010): The minimum wage revisited in the enlarged EU. Genf: International Labour Office, 544 S. DOI:10.4337/9781781000571
Abstract
"This book provides in-depth and innovative analysis of the minimum wage in Europe, looking at its scope within the enlarged EU and posing the question of harmonization between the minimum wages of the individual Member States - or even a common EU minimum wage. It also explores the role of the minimum wage at the national level, looking at trends and effects, with case studies on specific national policy issues or industrial sectors. Minimum wage fixing has returned quite prominently to the core of policy debates, as illustrated by the adoption of a statutory minimum wage by Austria, Ireland and the United Kingdom, and the ongoing discussions in Germany and Sweden. Proposals to have common rules at EU level have also multiplied since EU enlargement, in particular to minimize 'social dumping'. Bringing together 15 national studies from noted European specialists in the field, this timely collection aims to stimulate the current debate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum wages in January 2009 (2009)
Czech, Beate;Zitatform
Czech, Beate (2009): Minimum wages in January 2009. (Statistics in focus 2009/29), Luxemburg, 8 S.
Abstract
"In 20 (Belgien, Bulgarien, Spanien, Estland, Griechenland, Frankreich, Ungarn, Irland, Lettland, Litauen, Luxemburg, Malta, den Niederlanden, Polen, Portugal, Rumänien, der Slowakei, Slowenien, der Tschechischen Republik und dem Vereinigten Königreich) der 27 EU-Mitgliedsstaaten, sowie im Kandidatenland Türkei und in den Vereinigten Staaten existieren gesetzliche Mindestlöhne. Bezogen auf die absolute Höhe des nationalen Mindestlohns verzeichnete man beträchtliche Unterschiede zwischen den Mitgliedstaaten: Die Spanne reicht von monatlich 123 Euro in Bulgarien bis hin zu monatlich 1 642 Euro in Luxemburg, was einem Verhältnis (in Euro) von eins zu dreizehn entspricht. Nachdem die Auswirkungen von Preisniveauunterschieden durch die Anwendung von Kaufkraftparitäten (KKP) für die Konsumausgaben der privaten Haushalte herausgerechnet wurden, verringern sich die Unterschiede deutlich auf ein Verhältnis von eins zu sechs (in KKP) mit Werten von 240 für Bulgarien und 1 413 für Luxemburg." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Mindestlohn - eine kritische Einordnung (2009)
Nermerich, Daniel;Zitatform
Nermerich, Daniel (2009): Mindestlohn - eine kritische Einordnung. (Europäische Hochschulschriften. Reihe 2, Rechtswissenschaft 4908), Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 163 S.
Abstract
"Die Kontroverse um Mindestlöhne wird energisch geführt und ist zugleich an Unschärfe kaum zu überbieten. Zwischen hitziger Befürwortung und rigoroser Ablehnung entsteht der Wunsch nach einer sachlichen Betrachtung der Materie und erzeugt damit wissenschaftlichen Klärungsbedarf. Wie ist die Forderung nach Mindestlöhnen mit der Rechtsordnung zu verbinden? Welche ökonomischen Effekte kennzeichnen das Spannungsfeld? Gegenstand des Buches ist die kritische Einordnung der Mindestlohnthematik in rechtswissenschaftlicher Hinsicht unter Berücksichtigung ökonomischer Implikationen. Es soll einen Beitrag dazu leisten die Materie Mindestlohn in ihrer notwendigen Differenzierung wahrzunehmen und eine Orientierungshilfe durch die Komplexität der Problemgebiete sein." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Poverty, deprivation and social exclusion: The unemployed and the working poor (2009)
Zitatform
Sirovátka, Tomáš & Petr Mares (2009): Poverty, deprivation and social exclusion: The unemployed and the working poor. In: M. C. Fournier & C. S. Mercier (Hrsg.) (2009): Economics of employment and unemployment, S. 1-32.
Abstract
"The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between the forms of labour market marginalization - understood here in terms of labour market status and job quality - on the one hand, and income disadvantage, material deprivation and social exclusion on the other. Public policies that aim to improve the labour market status and levels of income of those disadvantaged on the labour market are also discussed. We use data gathered in a survey on social exclusion in which 2,500 respondents were interviewed, they were either welfare benefit recipients or considered their situation similar to their. We demonstrate that marginalization on the labour market is evident not only in relation to unemployment (often repeated and long-term) but at the same time in temporary, low paid and poor quality jobs. The incomes of those employed in the lowest segment of the labour market and of the unemployed are very similar while deprivation of the unemployed is greater in many respects, e.g. in opportunities to influence the course of their lives and the life opportunities of their own as well as of their families in particular. We identify under-use of welfare benefits and measures that might improve the standard of living and human capital of those who are disadvantaged. A portion of the disadvantaged remain active on the labour market and identify employment incentives, yet we also identify poverty traps which emerge in the case of those who become discouraged and welfare dependent." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The working poor in Europe: employment, poverty and globalization (2008)
Andreß, Hans-Jürgen ; Kuivalainen, Susan ; Halleröd, Björn; Verbist, Gerlinde ; Lohmann, Henning; Biolcati-Rinaldi, Ferruccio; Larsson, Daniel; de Boom, Jan; Marx, Ive ; Giesselmann, Marco ; Niemelä, Mikko ; Connolly, Sara ; Nolan, Brian ; Airio, Ilpo; Podestà, Federico ; Engbersen, Godfried; Snel, Erik ;Zitatform
Andreß, Hans-Jürgen & Henning Lohmann (Hrsg.) (2008): The working poor in Europe. Employment, poverty and globalization. Cheltenham: Elgar, 323 S.
Abstract
"For a long time in-work poverty was not associated with European welfare states. Recently, the topic has gained relevance as welfare state retrenchment and international competition in globalized economies has put increasing pressures on individuals and families. This book provides explanations as to why in-work poverty is high in certain countries and low in others. Much of the present concern about the working poor has to do with recent changes in labour market policies in Europe. However, this book is not primarily about low pay. Instead, it questions whether gainful employment is sufficient to earn a living - both for oneself and for one's family members. There are, however, great differences between European countries. This book argues that the incidence and structure of the working poor cannot be understood without a thorough understanding of each country's institutional context. This includes the system of wage-setting, the level of decommodification provided by the social security system and the structure of families and households. Combining cross-country studies with in-depth analyses from a national perspective, the book reveals that in-work poverty in Europe is a diverse, multi-faceted phenomenon occurring in equally diverse institutional, economic and socio-demographic settings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Theorie
- Politik und Maßnahmen
- Arbeitsmarkt- und Lohnentwicklung
- Arbeitswelt, Personalpolitik
- Personengruppen
- Wirtschaftszweige
- Geschlecht
- geografischer Bezug
- Alter