Atypische Beschäftigung
Der deutsche Arbeitsmarkt wird zunehmend heterogener. Teilzeitbeschäftigung und Minijobs boomen. Ebenso haben befristete Beschäftigung und Leiharbeit an Bedeutung gewonnen und die Verbreitung von Flächentarifverträgen ist rückläufig. Diese atypischen Erwerbsformen geben Unternehmen mehr Flexibilität.
Was sind die Konsequenzen der zunehmenden Bedeutung atypischer Beschäftigungsformen für Erwerbstätige, Arbeitslose und Betriebe? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die sozialen Sicherungssysteme, das Beschäftigungsniveau und die Durchlässigkeit des Arbeitsmarktes? Die IAB-Themendossier bietet Informationen zum Forschungsstand.
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht
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Literaturhinweis
Are temporary workers discriminated against?: evidence from Europe (2012)
Zitatform
Comi, Simona & Mara Grasseni (2012): Are temporary workers discriminated against? Evidence from Europe. In: The Manchester School, Jg. 80, H. 1, S. 28-50. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9957.2011.02231.x
Abstract
"We analyse the wage gap between temporary and permanent jobs in nine European countries using a semiparametric approach and evaluate the wage gap across the entire wage distribution. We show that in some countries the fixed-term wage gap decreases as higher quantiles are considered, and that having a fixed-term contract penalizes more workers located at the bottom of the earnings distribution. We find also that workers with the same characteristics as temporary workers would receive higher wages if they worked on permanent contracts in almost all the countries considered, and that this finding is stable across the entire wage distribution." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The European world of temporary employment (2012)
Zitatform
Lancker, Wim Van (2012): The European world of temporary employment. In: European Societies, Jg. 14, H. 1, S. 83-111. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2011.638082
Abstract
"Departing from growing concerns about in-work poverty and the proliferation of flexible employment, we investigate the association between temporary employment and poverty in a European comparative perspective. In doing so, we focus specifically on possible gender dimensions, because some are concerned that the impact of flexible employment on income security will be different for men and women and that gender inequality will increase. By means of a logistic multilevel model, we analyse recent EU-SILC data for 24 European countries. The results show that the temporarily employed have a higher poverty risk vis-à-vis permanent workers, mainly caused by lower wages. However, the risk factors to become working poor are similar. The poorly educated, young workers and those living in a single earner household with dependent children have an increased probability to live in poverty, whether they are employed on temporary or permanent basis. Differences between European welfare regimes demonstrate that policy constellations influence the magnitude of these risk factors. Counter-intuitively, temporary working women have a lower poverty risk than their male counterparts. They are better protected because they are more often secondary earners in a dual earning household, while men are more often primary earners. This article advances knowledge on the linkages between temporary employment, economic insecurity and gender differences in European welfare states." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Union responses to the rise of precarious youth employment in Greece (2011)
Zitatform
Kretsos, Lefteris (2011): Union responses to the rise of precarious youth employment in Greece. In: Industrial Relations Journal, Jg. 42, H. 5, S. 453-472. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2338.2011.00634.x
Abstract
"The ways unions have responded so far to the emergence of precarious employment among young people in Greece are critically analysed in this article. The analysis considers that traditional forms of regulation and union representation are not effective in protecting young workers from the risk of vulnerability at work. It further makes the case for a radical strategic reorientation of the Greek trade unions placing greater emphasis on organising and attracting young precarious workers through more appropriate representation structures and engagement strategies at the workplace level." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Dimensions of atypical forms of employment in Thessaloniki, Greece (2008)
Zitatform
Gialis, Stelios & Eleutheria Karnavou (2008): Dimensions of atypical forms of employment in Thessaloniki, Greece. In: International journal of urban and regional research, Jg. 32, H. 4, S. 882-902. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2008.00813.x
Abstract
"Post-Fordist reconstitutions in economy and society are positively related with the expansion of atypical employment. This article argues that many of the claims that an increase in atypical forms promotes less rigid labour markets rely on narrow readings of official statistics and also underestimate different local labour realities. Drawing upon case studies in Thessaloniki's Labour Inspectorates and industrial enterprises, it highlights the fact that Greek labour markets, which are already flexible enough, have been rearranged to accommodate new use patterns for atypical forms, both traditional and modern. A controversially expanding trend towards part-time and temporary work and non-agricultural self-employment is discussed. This trend is traced to trades, sectors, industries and firms that have developed distinct patterns in the exploitation of atypical employment within the context of locally constituted social and regulatory practices that interact with globalized capital accumulation procedures. The expansion of atypical employment is examined along two interpretative lines, the one focusing on the effect of recent reforms on small industrial enterprises, the other analysing post-Fordist, flexible socio-spatial restructurings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Les "quasi-salariés" en Grèce: un statut atypique et hybride (2003)
Athanassouli, Kyriaki;Zitatform
Athanassouli, Kyriaki (2003): Les "quasi-salariés" en Grèce. Un statut atypique et hybride. In: Formation Emploi H. 81, S. 5-21.
Abstract
"Die beruflichen Eingliederungsprozesse sowie die Stabilisierungsperspektiven der Beschäftigungsituationen von Ingenieuren in Griechenland legen nahe, die spezifischen Formen der Flexibilität und der Organisation des Arbeitsmarktes zu hinterfragen. So können anhand der Auswertung einer Erhebung, die mit allen Diplomingenieuren (mit Diplomabschluss und mehr) der Athener Ingenieur-Hochschule durchgeführt wurde, die spezifischen Beschäftigungsformen hinsichtlich beruflicher Eingliederung sowie beruflicher Mobilität auf dem griechischen Arbeitsmarkt ausgemacht werden. Dabei lässt sich eine hybride Beschäftigungskategorie erkennen, die an der Grenze zwischen Selbständigem und Arbeitnehmer angesiedelt ist. Es handelt sich dabei um einen absolut einzigartigen und spezifischen Status innerhalb der EU." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
-
Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht