Evaluation der Arbeitsmarktpolitik
Arbeitsmarktpolitik soll neben der Wirtschafts- und Strukturpolitik sowie der Arbeitszeit- und Lohnpolitik einen Beitrag zur Bewältigung der Arbeitslosigkeit leisten. Aber ist sie dabei auch erfolgreich und stehen die eingebrachten Mittel in einem angemessenen Verhältnis zu den erzielten Wirkungen? Die Evaluationsforschung geht der Frage nach den Beschäftigungseffekten und den sozialpolitischen Wirkungen auf individueller und gesamtwirtschaftlicher Ebene nach. Das Dossier bietet weiterführende Informationen zu Evaluationsmethoden und den Wirkungen von einzelnen Maßnahmen für verschiedene Zielgruppen.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Grundlagenbeiträge
- Methoden und Datensatzbeschreibungen
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Typologie der Maßnahmen
- Institutionen der Arbeitsförderung
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Vermittlung und Beratung
- Prozessoptimierung
- Profiling und Case Management, Eingliederungsvereinbarung
- Unterstützung bei der Arbeitsuche
- Vermittlung durch Dritte
- Vermittlung von Beziehern von Bürgergeld, Sozialhilfe oder Arbeitslosengeld II
- Zusammenarbeit von Arbeits- und Sozialverwaltung
- Job-Center
- Personal-Service-Agentur
- Zeitarbeit
- (gemeinnützige) Arbeitnehmerüberlassung
- Vermittlungsgutscheine
- Berufsberatung
- Aus- und Weiterbildung
- Subventionierung von Beschäftigung
- Öffentlich geförderte Beschäftigung
- Transfer- und Mobilitätsmaßnahmen
- berufliche Rehabilitation
- Lohnersatzleistungen / Einkommensunterstützung
- Altersteilzeit und Vorruhestand
- Sonstiges
- Typologie der Arbeitslosen
- besondere Personengruppen
- Geschlecht
- Geografischer Bezug
- Alter
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Literaturhinweis
The effectiveness of European active labor market programs (2010)
Kluve, Jochen;Zitatform
Kluve, Jochen (2010): The effectiveness of European active labor market programs. In: Labour economics, Jg. 17, H. 6, S. 904-918. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2010.02.004
Abstract
"Active Labor Market Programs are widely used in European countries, but despite many econometric evaluation studies analyzing particular programs no conclusive cross-country evidence exists regarding 'what program works for what target group under what (economic and institutional) circumstances?'. This paper aims at answering this question using a meta-analysis based on a data set that comprises 137 program evaluations from 19 countries. The empirical results of the meta-analysis are surprisingly clear-cut: Rather than contextual factors such as labor market institutions or the business cycle, it is almost exclusively the program type that seems to matter for program effectiveness. While direct employment programs in the public sector frequently appear detrimental, wage subsidies and 'Services and Sanctions' can be effective in increasing participants' employment probability. Training programs - the most commonly used type of active policy - show modestly positive effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A nonexperimental evaluation of training programmes: regional evidence for Spain (2009)
Cueto, Begona; Mato, F. Javier;Zitatform
Cueto, Begona & F. Javier Mato (2009): A nonexperimental evaluation of training programmes. Regional evidence for Spain. In: The annals of regional science, Jg. 43, H. 2, S. 415-433. DOI:10.1007/s00168-008-0214-2
Abstract
"This research analyses a training programme for the unemployed funded by the European Union in a Spanish 'Objective 1' region. It utilizes propensity score with a rich database, allowing to compare one training group and two control groups. Training increases employment probabilities in about 8-9%. A significant creaming effect appears indicating that selection into training may be more important than training contents. It is suggested that creaming may be related to the regional character of the policy and the way training is provided. Also, a locking-in effect of trainees is shown that it may be decreasing labour mobility. These results suggest that regional management of training for the unemployed does not contribute to the integration of the national labour market in Spain." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effectiveness of regional active labour market policies to fight against unemployment: an analysis for Catalonia (2009)
Zitatform
Ramos, Raul, Jordi Surinach & Manuel Artís (2009): The effectiveness of regional active labour market policies to fight against unemployment. An analysis for Catalonia. (IZA discussion paper 4649), Bonn, 23 S.
Abstract
"The aim of this work is to assess the effectiveness of active labour market policies carried out by the Catalan Public Employment Services (SOC) during the year 2005. The results obtained from the application of matching techniques show that the probability of finding a job for an individual who participated in any of the analyzed SOC's actions is 5 percentage points higher in relation to those who did not participate. The individual analysis of the different programs has shown the effectiveness of the greater part of the actions carried out. Last, the results have also highlighted the further improvement of the combination of some of the actions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gender differences in unemployment insurance coverage: a comparative analysis (2007)
Zitatform
Leschke, Janine (2007): Gender differences in unemployment insurance coverage. A comparative analysis. (Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung. Discussion papers SP 1 2007-106), Berlin, 57 S.
Abstract
"Da soziale Sicherungssysteme auf sogenannte Normalarbeitsverhältnisse (Vollzeit, unbefristet, abhängig) ausgerichtet sind und häufig von Bedarfsprüfungen Gebrauch machen, reproduzieren sie Geschlechterungleichheiten im Arbeitsmarkt, die auf Grund der ungleichen Verteilung von Haushalts- und Familienaufgaben zwischen Frauen und Männern zustande kommen. So sind Frauen beispielsweise weit häufiger in Teilzeit beschäftigt, sie wechseln häufiger zwischen Beschäftigung und Inaktivität und verdienen weiterhin durchschnittlich geringere Löhne als Männer. Das Papier vergleicht auf Basis der Daten des Europäischen Haushaltspanels den Deckungsgrad und die Höhe von Arbeitslosenversicherungsleistungen zwischen Frauen und Männern. Unterschiede im Zugang zu Arbeitslosenversicherungsleistungen werden unter anderem durch die folgenden Charakteristika von Arbeitslosenversicherungssystemen bestimmt: Einkommens- oder Stundenschwellenwerte, Mindestbeitragszeiten und Bedarfsprüfungen. Die Höhe der Leistungen hängt in vielen Systemen von der Höhe der vormaligen Arbeitseinkommen ab, wird aber bei Langzeitarbeitslosen häufig auch durch Bedarfsprüfungen bestimmt. Da die Arbeitslosenversicherungssysteme unterschiedlicher Länder in ihren Zielsetzungen und in ihrer Ausgestaltung variieren, werden hier vier verschiedene Systeme verglichen: das dänische, das deutsche, das spanische und das britische Arbeitslosenversicherungssystem. Es wird erwartet, dass die Unterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern im Zugang zu Arbeitslosenversicherungsleistungen in Ländern mit einem stark individualisierten Versicherungssystem (Dänemark) kleiner sind als in Ländern, die frühzeitigen und strikten Gebrauch von Bedarfsprüfungen (Vereinigtes Königreich) machen oder die auf starker Äquivalenz zwischen Beitragszeiten und vormaligem Einkommen und Leistungsempfang (Deutschland, Spanien) beruhen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The latin model of welfare: do 'insertion contracts' reduce long-term dependence? (2006)
Zitatform
Ayala, Luis & Magdalena Rodriguez (2006): The latin model of welfare. Do 'insertion contracts' reduce long-term dependence? In: Labour economics, Jg. 13, H. 6, S. 799-822. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2005.10.008
Abstract
"This paper aims to present an assessment of the welfare policies implemented in most South European countries. Welfare programs in these countries try to combine a basic level of economic protection and measures favoring life and labor skills ('insertion benefits') of low-income households. We focus on a specific program set up with the twofold strategy of cash and 'insertion benefits' (Madrid's IMI) and, more precisely, on the so-called 'insertion projects', consisting in a gradual mix of job search assistance, training and subsidized jobs. We evaluate the effects of these 'insertion projects' on welfare recidivism and the duration of off-welfare spells using propensity score-matching methods. Our results suggest that propensity score estimators appear to reduce selectivity due to non-random participation. Both recidivism rates as well as the duration of off-welfare spells suggest potentially successful interventions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment insurance in Europe: unemployment duration and subsequent employment stability (2006)
Zitatform
Tatsiramos, Konstantinos (2006): Unemployment insurance in Europe. Unemployment duration and subsequent employment stability. (IZA discussion paper 2280), Bonn, 43 S.
Abstract
"The empirical literature on unemployment insurance has focused on its direct effect on unemployment duration, while the potential indirect effect on employment stability through a more efficient matching process, as the unemployed can search for a longer period, has attracted much less attention. In the European context this is surprising as reform proposals of the unemployment insurance system aiming at reducing high European unemployment rates should consider both effects. This paper provides evidence on the effect of unemployment benefits on unemployment and employment duration in Europe, using individual data from the European Community Household Panel for eight countries. Country specific estimates based on a multivariate discrete proportional hazard model, controlling for observed and unobserved individual heterogeneity, suggest that even if receiving benefits has a direct negative effect increasing the duration of unemployment spells, there is also a positive indirect! effect of benefits on subsequent employment duration. This indirect effect is pronounced in countries with relatively generous benefit systems, and for recipients who have remained unemployed for at least six months. In terms of the magnitude of the effect, recipients remain employed on average two to four months longer than non-recipients. This represents a ten to twenty per cent increase relative to the average employment duration, compensating for the additional time spent in unemployment. These findings are in line with theories suggesting a matching effect of unemployment insurance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Integrative' or 'defensive' youth activation in nine European welfare states (2005)
Zitatform
Harsløf, Ivan (2005): Integrative' or 'defensive' youth activation in nine European welfare states. In: Journal of youth studies, Jg. 8, H. 4, S. 461-481. DOI:10.1080/13676260500431792
Abstract
"Young unemployed persons are a prioritised group in active labour market programmes. Such programmes can be regarded as 'integrative', facilitating integration into the labour market for young people in accordance with their own preferences. However, such programmes can also be regarded as 'defensive', discouraging young unemployed persons from claiming transfer incomes and urging them to lower their sights when looking for jobs. The article examines the conceptions of the young participants themselves, analysing whether activation programmes are experienced in ways endorsing the integrative or the defensive perspective across different European welfare states. Survey data from these countries indicate that activation programmes for youth are at the integrative end of the spectrum. This is especially the case in the universal welfare regime countries, which are also the group of countries in which youth activation schemes are most widespread. Participant's scheme evaluations are least favourable in Scotland, in line with expectations of a liberal welfare regime approach. Most conservative welfare regime countries fall in between." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Lokale Beschäftigungsbündnisse: europäische Perspektiven in Forschung und Praxis (2005)
Kodre, Petra; Scheffelt, Elke; Roggenkamp, Martin; Roth, Christian;Zitatform
Kodre, Petra, Martin Roggenkamp, Christian Roth & Elke Scheffelt (Hrsg.) (2005): Lokale Beschäftigungsbündnisse. Europäische Perspektiven in Forschung und Praxis. (Forschung aus der Hans-Böckler-Stiftung 58), Berlin: Edition Sigma, 206 S.
Abstract
"In der Arbeitsmarkt- und Beschäftigungspolitik hat sich in den neunziger Jahren insbesondere durch die Implementation lokaler Beschäftigungsbündnisse in der Europäischen Union eine neue Handlungsebene etabliert. Aufgrund ihres dezentralen Handlungskontextes und ihres partnerschaftlichen Ansatzes erschließen diese Bündnisse neue Potenziale für mehr Beschäftigung. Das Erkenntnisinteresse dieses Bandes richtet sich auf die Handlungsbedingungen, Erfolgsfaktoren und möglichen Fehlentwicklungen dezentraler Kooperation, wobei die Funktionsweise regionaler Selbstorganisation und Fragen der Effizienz lokaler Beschäftigungsbündnisse von besonderer Bedeutung sind. Die Autor/inn/en stellen nicht nur einzelne Fallbeispiele vor und präsentieren übergreifende Synthesen aus empirischen Einzelergebnissen, sondern diskutieren auch unterschiedliche theoretische Zugänge zur Thematik insbesondere aus der Netzwerk- und Governanceforschung. Ihr Ziel ist es dabei, aus einer europäischen und regionalen sowie international vergleichenden Perspektive den Austausch zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis voranzutreiben und den Blick für die Erfolgsbedingungen und die mögliche Übertragbarkeit derartiger Bündnisse zu schärfen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Labor market institutions and public regulation (2004)
Agell, Jonas; Keen, Michael; Weichenrieder, Alfons J.;Zitatform
Agell, Jonas, Michael Keen & Alfons J. Weichenrieder (Hrsg.) (2004): Labor market institutions and public regulation. (CESifo seminar series), Cambridge u.a.: MIT Press, 228 S.
Abstract
"The six studies collected in this CESifo volume analyze the effects of public regulation on the labor market. The first three chapters of Labor Market Institutions and Public Regulation present empirical findings, comparing the effects of job training and subsidized employment on the Swedish labor market, analyzing the effect of extended unemployment benefits on unemployment duration for older Austrian workers, and examining poor labor market performance in Spain even after policy reforms. The following chapters take a more theoretical approach, applying the analytical tools of theory to policy issues. These three studies examine the general equilibrium repercussions of public support for both basic and higher education, develop an efficiency wage model to analyze mandated severance pay, and compare different kinds of redistribution to low-skill workers financed by an increased tax on capital." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Youth unemployment and social exclusion: a comparative study (2003)
Hammer, Torild;Zitatform
Hammer, Torild (Hrsg.) (2003): Youth unemployment and social exclusion. A comparative study. Bristol: The Policy Press, 233 S.
Abstract
"Throughout the European Union rates of unemployment among young people tend to be higher than among the general population and there is a serious risk of marginalisation and exclusion. This book presents the findings of the first comparative study of unemployed youth in Europe using a large and original data set. It addresses some of the key questions around the issue including: -How do young people cope with unemployment? -Does unemployment lead to social exclusion of young people, implying a withdrawal from society, financial deprivation and social isolation? Drawing on a research sample of over 17.000 young unemployed people in 10 European countries, the book examines how different welfare strategies and labour market policies in different countries influence the risk of social exclusion among unemployed youth." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour market policy and unemployment: impact and process evaluations in selected European countries (2001)
Koning, Jaap de; Mosley, Hugh;Zitatform
(2001): Labour market policy and unemployment. Impact and process evaluations in selected European countries. (Labour markets and employment policy), Cheltenham u.a.: Elgar, 317 S.
Abstract
"This book examines the effectiveness of active labour market policies and their contribution to the prevention of long-term unemployment and social exclusion. The evalution studies reported in this volume focus on two aspects of active labour market policies that have been relatively neglected in previous research and merit special attention. The first part of the book deals with aggregate impact analysis. Using examples from France, Germany, The Netherlands and Spain, the contributors attempt to estimate the impact of active labour market policies on the transition from unemployment to employment using aggregate data at the regional level. Although quantitative in nature, these contributions take into account qualitative aspects such as the socio-economic context of the countries concerned and the structure of active labour market policies. The book then focuses on implementation issues and includes implementation studies carried out in Germany, The Netherlands and Sweden. The qualitative element plays a far more important role in these contributions which rely on case studies and surveys in addition to statistical data." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Community Programme revisited: lessons for the New Deal era? (1999)
Gray, Anne;Zitatform
Gray, Anne (1999): The Community Programme revisited. Lessons for the New Deal era? In: Local Economy, Jg. 14, H. 1, S. 96-109.
Abstract
"This paper examines the lessons for the New Deal era of some older strands in UK and European labour market measures the Community Programme of the 1980s and the experience of enterprises d'insertion in France, Spain and the Netherlands. It considers whether the institutional infrastructure of the New Deal is appropriate for the realisation of 'intermediate labour markets'. This raises some further questions; whether ILMs are about creating employment or merely redistributing it, and whether it would be preferable to use the 'benefit transfer principle' to produce social wealth without regard for commercial viability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Grundlagenbeiträge
- Methoden und Datensatzbeschreibungen
-
Typologie der Maßnahmen
- Institutionen der Arbeitsförderung
-
Vermittlung und Beratung
- Prozessoptimierung
- Profiling und Case Management, Eingliederungsvereinbarung
- Unterstützung bei der Arbeitsuche
- Vermittlung durch Dritte
- Vermittlung von Beziehern von Bürgergeld, Sozialhilfe oder Arbeitslosengeld II
- Zusammenarbeit von Arbeits- und Sozialverwaltung
- Job-Center
- Personal-Service-Agentur
- Zeitarbeit
- (gemeinnützige) Arbeitnehmerüberlassung
- Vermittlungsgutscheine
- Berufsberatung
- Aus- und Weiterbildung
- Subventionierung von Beschäftigung
- Öffentlich geförderte Beschäftigung
- Transfer- und Mobilitätsmaßnahmen
- berufliche Rehabilitation
- Lohnersatzleistungen / Einkommensunterstützung
- Altersteilzeit und Vorruhestand
- Sonstiges
- Typologie der Arbeitslosen
- besondere Personengruppen
- Geschlecht
- Geografischer Bezug
- Alter