Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt in Deutschland
Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt stehen seit der Ausbreitung des Coronavirus vor großen Herausforderungen. Zur Unterstützung von Beschäftigten und Unternehmen hatte der Bundestag im Eilverfahren u.a. einen leichteren Zugang zum Kurzarbeitergeld beschlossen. Dieses Themendossier stellt Einschätzungen aus Forschung und Politik zu den Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf den Arbeitsmarkt, die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und notwendige Maßnahmen in Deutschland zusammen.
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Auswirkungen auf Wirtschaft, Arbeitsmarkt und Soziales in Deutschland
- Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und Maßnahmen
- Exit-Strategien zur Beendigung des Lockdowns
- Kurzarbeit - Regelungen und Inanspruchnahme während der Pandemie
- Homeoffice/mobiles Arbeiten
- Auswirkungen auf Betriebe
- Beschäftigung, Arbeitslosigkeit und Grundsicherung nach SGB II
- Einkommenseffekte
- Einzelne Berufe und Branchen
- Berufsausbildung/Lehrstellenmarkt
- Zukunftsszenarien: Wird die Wirtschaft nach Corona nachhaltiger?
- Soziale und gesundheitliche Aspekte
- Corona und Care
- Weiterbildung
- Konjunkturpaket zur Förderung der Wirtschaft
- Personengruppen
- Regionale Aspekte
- Internationale Arbeitsmärkte / Auswirkungen der Globalisierung
- Bundesländer
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Literaturhinweis
Global labor market debates in the ILO publications in the COVID-19 era (2023)
Zitatform
Özdemir, M. Çağlar, Hakan Mete, Cihan Selek Öz & V. Çağrı Arik (2023): Global labor market debates in the ILO publications in the COVID-19 era. In: Monthly labor review H. September. DOI:10.21916/mlr.2023.20
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, significantly changed the dynamics of working life. To help capture these changing dynamics, we examined publications that the International Labour Organization published during this period. This article aims to determine what kind of discussions are made within the framework of these publications in the context of COVID-19 by period and region. Thus, we researched the most intense discussion themes and tried to discover the global agendas of the labor markets. Within the scope of this article, we downloaded, classified, and examined a total of 1,062 publications (reports, webinars, and bulletins) published between January 2020 and April 2021. As a result of the analysis, we saw that the themes of working hours, informal workers, vulnerable workers, decent work, social protection, remote working, skills development, social dialogue, and labor standards were dominant." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
OECD Employment Outlook 2022: Building Back More Inclusive Labour Markets (2022)
Zitatform
(2022): OECD Employment Outlook 2022. Building Back More Inclusive Labour Markets. (OECD employment outlook), Paris, 347 S. DOI:10.1787/1bb305a6-en
Abstract
"Two years into the pandemic, economic activity has recovered faster than expected. However, the labour market recovery is still uneven across sectors and is threatened by the economic fallout from Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, which has generated the fastest growing humanitarian crisis in Europe since World War II, sending shockwaves throughout the world economy. The 2022 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook reviews the key labour market and social challenges for a more inclusive post-COVID‑19 recovery. It also examines the policies to address these challenges and the outlook ahead. Particular attention is given to frontline workers and groups lagging behind in this recovery (young people, workers with less education, and racial/ethnic minorities). The Outlook also addresses a number of long-standing structural issues that have a key relevance for labour market inclusiveness, such as employer market power and its labour market consequences, the role of firms in wage inequality, and the effect of working time policies on well-being and economic outcomes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of labour market shocks on mental health: evidence from the COVID-19 first wave (2022)
Zitatform
Bogliacino, Francesco, Cristiano Codagnone, Frans Folkvord & Francisco Lupiáñez-Villanueva (2022): The impact of labour market shocks on mental health. Evidence from the COVID-19 first wave. (SocArXiv papers), 33 S. DOI:10.31235/osf.io/wx9d4
Abstract
"In this study, we estimate the effect of a negative labour market shock on individuals’ levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. We use a dataset collected during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, on a representative sample of citizens from Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, interviewed on three occasions. We measure stress, anxiety and depression and labour shocks using validated scales. Our research design is a standard differences-in-differences model: we leverage the differential timing of shocks to identify the impact on mental health. In our estimations, a negative labour shock increases the measure of stress, anxiety, and depression by 16% of a standard deviation computed from the baseline." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Sozialwissenschaftliche Perspektiven auf die Corona-Pandemie (2022)
Bonora, Caterina; Meyerhuber, Sylke; Tils, Feline; Ritter, Sabine; Kruse, Mara; Quaas, Alexandra;Zitatform
Bonora, Caterina, Mara Kruse, Sylke Meyerhuber, Alexandra Quaas, Sabine Ritter & Feline Tils (2022): Sozialwissenschaftliche Perspektiven auf die Corona-Pandemie. (IPW working paper 5), Bremen, 200 S.
Abstract
"In der 5. Ausgabe der IPW-Working-Paper-Reihe präsentieren wir die Ergebnisse des Workshops zur Corona-Pandemie, den wir am 9. Juni 2021 auf Fachbereichsebene abgehalten haben. Die Beiträge reflektieren die Pandemie aus unterschiedlichen disziplinären, analytischen und politischen Perspektiven." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Living and working in Europe 2021 (2022)
Burke, Helen;Zitatform
Burke, Helen (2022): Living and working in Europe 2021. (Eurofound yearbook : living and working in Europe), Dublin, 97 S. DOI:10.2806/880965
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic continued to be a defining force in the lives and work of Europeans for a second year in 2021, and Eurofound continued its work of examining and recording the many and diverse impacts across the EU Member States. Living and working in Europe 2021 provides a snapshot of the changes to employment, work and living conditions in Europe, as gathered by Eurofound’s research activities in 2021. This yearbook also summarises the Agency’s findings on other challenging aspects of social and economic life – including gender equality in employment, wealth inequality and labour shortages – that will have a significant bearing on recovery from the pandemic, resilience in the face of the war in Ukraine, and a successful transition to a green and digital future. Eurofound’s research on working and living conditions in Europe provides a bedrock of evidence for input into social policymaking and achieving the Agency’s vision ‘to be Europe’s leading knowledge source for better life and work’." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Infrastrukturen der Globalisierung: Entwicklungsprozesse und Akteurskonstellationen in der maritimen Wirtschaft (2022)
Buss, Klaus-Peter;Zitatform
Buss, Klaus-Peter (2022): Infrastrukturen der Globalisierung. Entwicklungsprozesse und Akteurskonstellationen in der maritimen Wirtschaft. (SOFI-Arbeitspapier 27), Göttingen, 47 S.
Abstract
"Die Globalisierung ist in der Krise. Im Zentrum des Papers steht mit der maritimen Wirtschaft ein zentraler, trotzdem aber wenig wahrgenommener gesellschaftlicher Ankerpunkt der globalen Wirtschaft. Auch wenn maritime Transportprozesse sich heute weitgehend außerhalb der Lebenswelt der meisten Menschen abspielen, würden die globalen Wertschöpfungsverflechtungen, die wir heute als Globalisierung verstehen, ohne sie kaum bestehen. Die maritimen Transportnetze sind zugleich Vorbedingung und Ausdruck globaler Wertschöpfungsketten und Produktionsnetzwerke und damit von zentraler volkswirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. Der vorliegende Text fragt vor diesem Hintergrund nach der historischen Entwicklung und nach aktuellen Veränderungsprozessen in der maritimen Transportwirtschaft. Er zeigt, wie diese Infrastrukturen der Globalisierung von den Akteuren des privaten und des öffentlichen Sektors in den verschiedenen historischen Phasen gemeinsam geschaffen werden und sich dabei von lokalen Infrastrukturen zu Knotenpunkten in globalen Transportnetzwerken entwickeln." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The post-COVID-19 rise in labour shortages (2022)
Zitatform
Causa, Orsetta, Michael Abendschein, Nhung Luu, Emilia Soldani & Chiara Soriolo (2022): The post-COVID-19 rise in labour shortages. (OECD Economics Department working papers 1721), Paris, 29 S. DOI:10.1787/e60c2d1c-en
Abstract
"The labour market recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic has been strong among advanced countries, partly reflecting massive and unprecedented policy support to workers and firms. This paper provides evidence and stylised facts about labour market tightening and labour shortages since the onset of the pandemic. Labour shortages have been widespread across countries, yet particularly in Australia, Canada and the United States; and across industries, yet particularly in contact-intensive ones like accommodation and food, but also manufacturing. This picture is to a good extent driven by cyclical factors: in tight labour markets, workers are more likely to switch for better job opportunities. But this paper argues, based on illustrative evidence, that other factors beyond the economic cycle may also play a role: the post-COVID-19 increase in labour shortages may partly reflect structural changes, in particular changes in preferences, as some workers may no longer accept low-pay and poor or strenuous working conditions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Role of Employment Protection Legislation Regimes in Shaping the Impact of Job Disruption on Older Workers' Mental Health in Times of COVID-19 (2022)
Zitatform
Di Novi, Cinzia, Paolo Paruolo & Stefano Verzillo (2022): The Role of Employment Protection Legislation Regimes in Shaping the Impact of Job Disruption on Older Workers' Mental Health in Times of COVID-19. (JRC working papers in economics and finance 2022,02), Brüssel, 32 S.
Abstract
"This study exploits individual data from the 8th wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and the SHARE Corona Survey to investigate the mental health consequences of COVID-19 job disruption across different European countries. It focuses on older workers (aged 50 and over) who were exposed to a higher risk of infection from COVID-19 and were also more vulnerable to the risk of long-term unemployment and permanent labour market exits during economic downturns. The relationship between job disruption in times of COVID-19 and older workers' mental health is investigated using differences in country-level employment legislation regimes in the EU. European countries are clustered into three macro-regions with high, intermediate and low employment regulatory protection regulations, using the Employment Protection Legislation (EPL) aggregate score proposed by the OECD. Results reveal a clear EPL gradient: job disruption has a positive and significant impact on older workers' psychological distress especially in those countries where EPL is more binding. The present findings suggest possible mitigating measures for older unemployed in the EU countries with higher Employment Protection legislation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How do employees cope with mandatory working from home during COVID-19? (2022)
Zitatform
Dicu, Andreea, Irma Rybnikova & Thomas Steger (2022): How do employees cope with mandatory working from home during COVID-19? In: German Journal of Human Resource Management, Jg. 36, H. 3, S. 300-324. DOI:10.1177/23970022221079049
Abstract
"How do employees who are coerced to work from home during COVID-19 cope with this unprecedented situation? Drawing upon the job-demands-resources (JD-R) model and upon the literature on coping, we analyse empirical qualitative material which stems from two-stage interviews with and online diaries prepared by 15 white-collar employees in Romania. We identify four initial coping types in relation to mandatory working from home: ‘explorers’, ‘statics’, ‘chaotics’ and ‘irremediables’. In the follow-up stage of the field work, the ‘chaotic’ type of coping disappears. These findings in relation to the unique pandemic situation represent a significant contribution to the literature on working from home as well as on coping with stress." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Macroeconomic Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Some European Union Countries: A Counterfactual Analysis (2022)
Duarte, António Portugal; Murta, Fátima Sol;Zitatform
Duarte, António Portugal & Fátima Sol Murta (2022): Macroeconomic Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Some European Union Countries: A Counterfactual Analysis. (GEE papers 161), Lisboa, 25 S.
Abstract
"The aim of this paper is to analyze the macroeconomic impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic in the European Union (27 countries) and, particularly, in four of its economies - Germany, Spain, Italy and Portugal. For this purpose, a counterfactual analysis was conducted based on an ARIMA forecasting model through which the behavior of a set of macroeconomic variables (Gross Domestic Product, public debt, inflation rate, public deficit, and unemployment rate) is examined in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic against a hypothetical scenario without pandemic. In general, the results point to a significantly better performance of all variables in the four countries and in the European Union if the Covid-19 pandemic had not existed. In a scenario without the Covid-19 pandemic, all countries would have achieved higher product levels, showing, however, relatively weaker economic growth rates when compared to the pandemic situation, namely in 2021 and 2022. The results also point to budget surpluses in Germany and Portugal, in 2020, 2021 and 2022, as well as a sharp reduction (over 20 percentage points) in Spanish public debt. In 2021 and 2022, there is also a lower inflationary pressure for the European Union, Germany, Spain and Italy, after a very sharp rise in prices in 2020. Regarding the labor market, with the exception of Germany and European Union, where the unemployment rate would be relatively higher, especially in 2022, the remaining countries would register lower unemployment rates." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Cui bono – business or labour? Job retention policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe (2022)
Zitatform
Ebbinghaus, Bernhard & Lukas Lehner (2022): Cui bono – business or labour? Job retention policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. In: Transfer, Jg. 28, H. 1, S. 47-64. DOI:10.1177/10242589221079151
Abstract
"Während der COVID-19-Pandemie musste Europa zahlreiche Herausforderungen bewältigen und auch eine Antwort auf die Frage finden, wie Beschäftigung und Erwerbseinkommen gesichert werden sollen. In unserer vergleichenden Analyse erforschen wir das Ausmaß, in dem europäische Wohlfahrtsstaaten dazu beigetragen haben, diese Krise durch Stabilisierung von Beschäftigung und Arbeitseinkommen zu meistern. Während Kurzarbeit als Instrumentarium bereits teilweise während der Großen Rezession 2008/2009 zum Einsatz gekommen ist, wurden Maßnahmen zur Arbeitsplatzsicherung 2020 in Europa als Antwort auf die Pandemie erweitert oder neu eingeführt. Allerdings existieren in den europäischen Wohlfahrtsstaaten unterschiedliche Vorgehensweisen in der Ausgestaltung und Durchführung dieser Maßnahmen, die mehr oder weniger auf das Halten der Arbeitskräfte abzielen und auf diese Weise Massenenarbeitslosigkeit während der Beschäftigungskrise vermeiden. Wir unterscheiden zwischen einer Logik der Unterstützung von Unternehmen und einer Logik der Unterstützung von Arbeitnehmer:innen, um die unterschiedlichen Strategien des Arbeitsplatzerhalts in Europa zu erklären. Nach unseren Erkenntnissen haben kontinentale, südeuropäische und liberale Wohlfahrtsstaaten mehr unternommen, um durch Kurzarbeit Weiterbeschäftigung zu fördern, als die nordischen oder die mittel- und osteuropäischen Länder." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Job Retention Schemes during COVID-19: A Review of Policy Responses (2022)
Zitatform
Eichhorst, Werner, Paul Marx, Ulf Rinne & Johannes Brunner (2022): Job Retention Schemes during COVID-19: A Review of Policy Responses. (IZA policy paper 187), Bonn, 33 S.
Abstract
"This policy brief provides an update on job retention policies in a sample of 20 countries representing the main world regions as well as the diverse types of job retention schemes, in particular short-time work, furlough and wage subsidy schemes as they have been implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We show the diversity of these policies as well as the available information about their (re-)design as the pandemic evolved up to the most recent period. The policy brief raises main issues regarding the implementation and adaptation of job retention policies and illustrated this with four case studies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Has the Willingness to Work Fallen during the COVID Pandemic? (2022)
Zitatform
Faberman, Jason, Andreas I. Mueller & Ayşegül Şahin (2022): Has the Willingness to Work Fallen during the COVID Pandemic? (IZA discussion paper 15086), Bonn, 50 S.
Abstract
"We examine the effect of the Covid pandemic on willingness to work along both the extensive and intensive margins of labor supply. Special survey questions in the Job Search Supplement of the Survey of Consumer Expectations (SCE) allow us to elicit information about individuals' desired work hours for the 2013-2021 period. Using these questions, along with workers' actual labor market participation, we construct a labor market underutilization measure, the Aggregate Hours Gap (AHG), following Faberman et al. (2020). The AHG captures changes in labor market underutilization for the full population along both the extensive and intensive margins using data on desired work hours as a measure of their potential labor supply. We find that the sharp increase in the AHG during the Covid pandemic essentially disappeared by the end of 2021. We also document a sharp decline in desired work hours during the pandemic that persists through the end of 2021 and is roughly double the drop in the labor force participation rate. Ignoring the decline in desired hours overstates the degree of underutilization by 2.5 percentage points (12.5%). Our findings suggest that, as of 2021Q4, the labor market is tighter than suggested by the unemployment rate and the adverse labor supply effect of the pandemic is more pronounced than implied by the labor force participation rate. These discrepancies underscore the importance of taking into account the intensive margin for both labor market underutilization and potential labor supply." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Auswirkungen der Corona-Krise auf den Arbeitsmarkt: Was lehrt uns der Blick auf andere Länder? (Podium) (2022)
Zitatform
Fitzenberger, Bernd (2022): Auswirkungen der Corona-Krise auf den Arbeitsmarkt: Was lehrt uns der Blick auf andere Länder? (Podium). In: IAB-Forum H. 10.10.2022 Nürnberg, 2022-10-06. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20221010.01
Abstract
"Die Corona-Krise hat nicht nur Deutschland, sondern auch andere Länder vor immense wirtschafts-, arbeitsmarkt- und sozialpolitische Herausforderungen gestellt. Die politischen Antworten darauf fielen jedoch von Land zu Land unterschiedlich aus. Zu diesem Fazit gelangte eine hochkarätig besetzte internationale Tagung, die vom 31. August bis 4. September 2022 in Italien stattfand." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Will COVID-19 Have Long-Lasting Effects on Inequality? Evidence from Past Pandemics (2022)
Zitatform
Furceri, Davide, Prakash Loungani, Jonathan D. Ostry & Pietro Pizzuto (2022): Will COVID-19 Have Long-Lasting Effects on Inequality? Evidence from Past Pandemics. In: Journal of Economic Inequality, Jg. 20, H. 4, S. 811-839. DOI:10.1007/s10888-022-09540-y
Abstract
"This paper provides evidence on the impact of major epidemics from the past two decades on income distribution. The pandemics in our sample, even though much smaller in scale than COVID-19, have led to increases in the Gini coefficient, raised the income share of higher-income deciles, and lowered the employment-to-population ratio for those with basic education compared to those with higher education. We provide some evidence that the distributional consequences from the current pandemic may be larger than those flowing from the historical pandemics in our sample, and larger than those following typical recessions and financial crises." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Should We Insure Workers or Jobs during Recessions? (2022)
Zitatform
Giupponi, Giulia, Camille Landais & Alice Lapeyre (2022): Should We Insure Workers or Jobs during Recessions? In: The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Jg. 36, H. 2, S. 29-54. DOI:10.1257/jep.36.2.29
Abstract
"What is the most efficient way to respond to recessions in the labor market? To this question, policymakers on the two sides of the pond gave diametrically opposed answers during the COVID-19 crisis. In the United States, the focus was on insuring workers by increasing the generosity of unemployment insurance. In Europe, instead, policies were concentrated on saving jobs, with the expansion of short-time work programs to subsidize labor hoarding. Who got it right? In this article, we show that far from being substitutes, unemployment insurance and short-time work exhibit strong complementarities. They provide insurance to different types of workers and against different types of shocks. Short-time work can be effective at reducing socially costly layoffs against large temporary shocks, but it is less effective against more persistent shocks that require reallocation across firms and sectors. We conclude that short-time work is an important addition to the labor market policy-toolkit during recessions, to be used alongside unemployment insurance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Data product DOI: 10.5164/IAB.HOPP_W01-W08.de.en.v1 -
Literaturhinweis
'You Can't Eat Soap': Reimagining COVID-19, Work, Family and Employment from the Global South (2022)
Zitatform
Jaga, Ameeta & Ariane Ollier-Malaterre (2022): 'You Can't Eat Soap': Reimagining COVID-19, Work, Family and Employment from the Global South. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 36, H. 4, S. 769-780. DOI:10.1177/09500170211069806
Abstract
"This article problematises the assumptions regarding work, family and employment that underlie the World Health Organization (WHO)’s COVID-19 guidelines. The scientific evidence grounding sanitary and social distancing recommendations is embedded in conceptualisations of work as skilled jobs in the formal economy and of family as urban and nuclear. These are Global North rather than universal paradigms. We build on theories from the South and an intersectional analysis of gender and class inequalities to highlight contextual complexities currently neglected in responses to COVID-19. We argue that building on both science and local knowledge can help democratise workable solutions for a range of different work, family and employment realities in the Global South. Finally, we propose a research agenda calling for strengthened North–South dialogue to provincialise knowledge, account for differences in histories, locality and resource-availability, and foster greater local participation in policy formulation regarding sanitary measures and vaccination campaigns." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Covid-19 pandemic and international supply chains (2022)
Zitatform
Kleifgen, Eva, Duncan Roth & Ignat Stepanok (2022): The Covid-19 pandemic and international supply chains. (IAB-Discussion Paper 05/2022), Nürnberg, 23 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.DP.2205
Abstract
"Die Covid-19 Pandemie hatte einen beträchtlichen Einbruch des internationalen Handels zur Folge, wodurch auch Fragen zur Zukunft internationaler Handelsketten aufgeworfen wurden. Anhand eines Betriebs-Surveys, welches mit administrativen Daten verbunden werden konnte, untersuchen wir, wie Betriebe in Deutschland ihre Lieferketten aufgrund von pandemiebedingten Störungen angepasst haben. Unseren Ergebnissen zu folge weisen Betriebe, bei denen es aufgrund der Pandemie zu Einschränkungen im Bezug von Vorleistungen oder Zwischenprodukten gekommen ist, im Vergleich zu Betrieben ohne solche Beeinträchtigungen eine signifikant höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit auf, einen oder mehrere Lieferanten ausgetauscht zu haben. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn es zu Problemen beim Bezug aus dem Ausland gekommen ist. Betriebe, die von solchen Einschränkungen betroffen sind, haben darüber hinaus eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, weiter entfernte Lieferanten mit näher gelegenen ersetzt zu haben. Den Ergebnissen zufolge handelt es sich dabei jedoch um temporäre Anpassungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Zwei Jahre Pandemie: Wer sind die Gewinner und Verlierer? (2022)
Obst, Thomas; Schläger, Dan;Zitatform
Obst, Thomas & Dan Schläger (2022): Zwei Jahre Pandemie: Wer sind die Gewinner und Verlierer? (IW-Kurzberichte / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2022,16), Köln, 3 S.
Abstract
"Die weltweite Konjunkturerholung setzt sich trotz des Wiederauflebens der Pandemie weiter fort. Doch dahinter verbergen sich große Unterschiede. Die Corona-Krise hat Gewinner und Verlierer hervorgebracht." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Corporate Training and Skill Gaps: Did COVID-19 Stem EU Convergence in Training Investments? (2022)
Pouliakas, Konstantinos; Wruuck, Patricia;Zitatform
Pouliakas, Konstantinos & Patricia Wruuck (2022): Corporate Training and Skill Gaps: Did COVID-19 Stem EU Convergence in Training Investments? (IZA discussion paper 15343), Bonn, 38 S.
Abstract
"European firms have increasingly invested in training of employees but differences across countries and types of firms remain – and the Covid-19 shock may have exacerbated them. This report analyses European firms' investment in training over the last six years examining trends, factors supporting training investment as well as the impact of the Covid-19 shock. We base the empirical analysis on a unique dataset, the European Investment Bank's Investment Survey (EIBIS), which allows tracking corporate training investment on a yearly basis. To understand dynamics underpinning firms' decision to invest in their workforce, we examine transition patterns and employ dynamic panel data estimation. Finally, we analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on firms' investment in workforce training and transitions in and out of training. We find that despite a slow upward trend in training investment observed in recent years, supported by labour market recovery, differences across firms and countries have persisted. The pandemic risks aggravating these, through its asymmetric impact on labour markets and differences in corporate innovation, firm structure and resilience. While firm training can be an important element for firms and their workforce to adjust to the post-pandemic environment, asymmetries in training investment could make it harder for those already lagging. The paper concludes with a discussion of policy implications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
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Auswirkungen auf Wirtschaft, Arbeitsmarkt und Soziales in Deutschland
- Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und Maßnahmen
- Exit-Strategien zur Beendigung des Lockdowns
- Kurzarbeit - Regelungen und Inanspruchnahme während der Pandemie
- Homeoffice/mobiles Arbeiten
- Auswirkungen auf Betriebe
- Beschäftigung, Arbeitslosigkeit und Grundsicherung nach SGB II
- Einkommenseffekte
- Einzelne Berufe und Branchen
- Berufsausbildung/Lehrstellenmarkt
- Zukunftsszenarien: Wird die Wirtschaft nach Corona nachhaltiger?
- Soziale und gesundheitliche Aspekte
- Corona und Care
- Weiterbildung
- Konjunkturpaket zur Förderung der Wirtschaft
- Personengruppen
- Regionale Aspekte
- Internationale Arbeitsmärkte / Auswirkungen der Globalisierung
- Bundesländer