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Jugendarbeitslosigkeit

Trotz eines Rückgangs ist die EU-Jugendarbeitslosenquote nach wie vor sehr hoch. Laut EU-Kommission sind derzeit 4,5 Millionen junge Menschen (im Alter von 15 bis 24 Jahren) arbeitslos. Einem großen Teil dieser Generation droht durch fehlende Zukunftsperspektiven soziale Ausgrenzung mit weitreichenden Folgen. Mit Maßnahmen wie der Europäischen Ausbildungsallianz und Jugendgarantien der Länder soll entgegengesteuert werden.
Diese Infoplattform bietet einen Einblick in die Literatur zu den Determinanten von und Strategien gegen Jugendarbeitslosigkeit auf nationaler wie internationaler Ebene.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Heranwachsende im Dreieck des SGB-II-Leistungsbezugs: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Triangulation von Daten, Methoden und Perspektiven für die Rekonstruktion kindlicher Lebenswelten (2018)

    Singh, Ajit ; Engel, Florian ; Kreher, Simone;

    Zitatform

    Singh, Ajit, Florian Engel & Simone Kreher (2018): Heranwachsende im Dreieck des SGB-II-Leistungsbezugs. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Triangulation von Daten, Methoden und Perspektiven für die Rekonstruktion kindlicher Lebenswelten. In: Sozialer Sinn, Jg. 19, H. 1, S. 11-43. DOI:10.1515/sosi-2018-0002

    Abstract

    "Als Beitrag zu einer interpretativen Ungleichheits- und Armutsforschung thematisiert dieser Aufsatz methodologische und methodische Probleme, die bei der Rekonstruktion von Lebenswelten von Kindern, die von außen betrachtet in ,prekären Verhältnissen' des SGB-II-Bezugs aufwachsen, zu lösen sind. Dabei schlagen wir vor, eine Brücke zwischen Armutsforschung und den New Childhood Studies zu schlagen, um die Agency von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Hinblick auf ihre subjektiven Sicht- und Erlebensweisen deutlicher hervortreten zu lassen. Zudem wird reflektiert, wie spezifische Vorstellungen und Wissensbestände über 'Normalität' in der Erhebungssituation virulent werden, die auch bis in die hermeneutische Auswertung fortwirken können. Die Triangulation verschiedener Datensorten, Verfahren und Perspektiven ermöglichte uns einen reflexiven Umgang mit den jeweiligen Wirklichkeitskonstruktionen, die auch mit Blick auf die Positionalität der Forscherinnen zum Gegenstand gemacht werden." (Autorenreferat, © De Gruyter)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The fight against youth unemployment: enhancing the chances of success by strengthening linkages between horizontal and vertical policy coordination (2018)

    Sirovátka, Tomáš ; Horáková, Markéta; Hora, Ondrej ;

    Zitatform

    Sirovátka, Tomáš, Ondrej Hora & Markéta Horáková (2018): The fight against youth unemployment. Enhancing the chances of success by strengthening linkages between horizontal and vertical policy coordination. (NEGOTIATE working paper 8.4), Oslo, 29 S.

    Abstract

    "The findings of the Negotiate project show that, in spite of the economic recovery in Europe1, the youth unemployment rates, the Youth Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET) rates and the non-standard forms of work of young people are still high in many countries. The differences in these indicators even increased in Europe as some groups of young people (e.g. low skilled, immigrants or ethnic minority background) are affected heavily, in spite of the policy initiatives adopted at the EU level to improve the situation of young people on the labour market. Furthermore, there are long-term negative scarring effects from early job insecurity on young people's employment prospects, family formation, drug use, etc. Thus, the crucial question we are addressing here is How can the policies of labour market integration of young people be improved? Although we take into consideration a broader policy mix (active labour market policies, education policies, unemployment protection) when addressing this question, we are also concerned with the more specific question How can the Youth Guarantee (YG) initiative be successful in the broader policy and economic context? The discussion of these questions is based on the findings that were gathered throughout the Negotiate project in various deliverables. We refer here mainly to the comparative study on the trends in the policies for the labour market integration of young people in nine European countries (Hora et al. 2016a) and the comparative study on the Youth Guarantee (YG) programme implementation in these nine countries, focused on the multi-level governance perspective (Dingeldey et al. 2017). We have also analysed the respective background national studies that have served as source material for the comparative papers mentioned above (see the list of references), taking into account the existing studies on YG implementation. Apart from these studies dealing with the policies, we exhaust the other deliverables of the Negotiate project like the analysis of employer decisions on hiring young people in the European countries and the qualitative study of young people's experience with the school-to-work transitions and the scarring effects of early job insecurity on these transitions, as well as others that also bring policy implications. In the text below, we assess the strengths and weaknesses of the policies for integrating young people into the labour market, with a focus on YG implementation in the national contexts of nine countries. In the second section, we discuss the policy implications and recommendations." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Evaluation des Bundesprogramms RESPEKT: Abschlussbericht (2018)

    Sommer, Jörn; Oschmiansky, Frank; Popp, Sandra; Petleva, Diana; Karato, Yukako; Kowalczyk, Karin; Jahn, Josephine; Schmidt, Daniel; Otto, Kristin;

    Zitatform

    Sommer, Jörn, Frank Oschmiansky, Sandra Popp, Yukako Karato & Karin Kowalczyk (2018): Evaluation des Bundesprogramms RESPEKT. Abschlussbericht. (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales. Forschungsbericht 518), Berlin, 111 S.

    Abstract

    "Seit vielen Jahren wird im Fachdiskurs die Herausforderung betont, dass keine jungen Menschen in Deutschland verloren gehen und durch die Maschen des Sozialleistungssystems fallen dürfen. Vor diesem Hintergrund fördert das Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS) seit dem Jahr 2015 das Bundesprogramm RESPEKT. In diesem Rahmen wurden bundesweit 18 Projekte (ab 2018: 17 Projekte) gefördert. Zielsetzung ist junge Menschen, die individuelle Schwierigkeiten haben eine Qualifikation zu erreichen oder ins Arbeitsleben einzumünden und von den bestehenden Sozialleistungsangeboten nicht erreicht werden oder diese nicht annehmen, an Bildungsprozesse, Maßnahmen der Arbeitsförderung, Ausbildung oder Arbeit heranzuführen.
    Die Evaluation des Bundesprogramms wurde von der INTERVAL GmbH in Kooperation mit dem ZEP - Zentrum für Evaluation und Politikberatung zwischen Ende 2016 und Juni 2018 durchgeführt. Dabei wurden untersucht:
    - die Bedarfslagen und Merkmale der Zielgruppe, speziell auch die Gründe, aus denen sie nicht von den Sozialleistungen erreicht werden;
    - die inhaltliche Ausgestaltung des Hilfsangebots der geförderten Projekte, inkl. der Fragen zum Zugang zur Zielgruppe und zur Gestaltung der Kooperationen und Leistungen dritter Akteure zur Unterstützung der Teilnehmenden sowie
    - die Erreichung der Zielsetzungen des Programms.
    Auf Basis der Ergebnisse wurden Hinweise zur Gestaltung des § 16h SGB II ('Förderung schwer zu erreichender junger Menschen') geliefert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    How educational systems structure ethnic inequality among young labour market participants in Europe: Occupational placement and variation in the occupational status distribution (2018)

    Spörlein, Christoph ;

    Zitatform

    Spörlein, Christoph (2018): How educational systems structure ethnic inequality among young labour market participants in Europe. Occupational placement and variation in the occupational status distribution. In: Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, Jg. 55, H. June, S. 109-119. DOI:10.1016/j.rssm.2018.04.006

    Abstract

    "Prior research as demonstrated that patterns of early labour market careers vary considerably across European societies. However, little research investigated how these patterns differ between immigrants and majority youth and whether the extent of ethnic inequality varies with educational system characteristics. Using the 2009 European Labour Force Survey data for 18 countries on the early careers of non-tertiary educated labour market participants, the results of this study show that immigrants work in lower-status jobs more frequently than majority youth do. In addition and conditional on these mean differences, immigrant's status distributions are more dispersed suggesting more erratic early career patterns. Educational systems characteristics moderate these differences: the occupational status difference between immigrants and majority youth is considerably larger in countries with strongly differentiated, specifically highly tracked educational systems. In addition, ethnic disadvantages are even more severe in differentiated educational systems when central exams are present. The findings further show that educational tracking is associated with less variation in a country's occupational status distribution, thus shaping ethnic inequality beyond its relationship with mean differences. Ethnic penalties are estimated to be considerably more severe in highly differentiated countries due to their lower baseline variability in the occupational status distribution." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Can welfare and labour market regimes explain cross-country differences in the unemployment of young people? (2018)

    Tamesberger, Dennis;

    Zitatform

    Tamesberger, Dennis (2018): Can welfare and labour market regimes explain cross-country differences in the unemployment of young people? In: International Labour Review, Jg. 156, H. 3/4, S. 443-464. DOI:10.1111/ilr.12040

    Abstract

    Der Beitrag fragt nach den institutionellen Ursachen für die unterschiedliche Entwicklung der Jugendarbeitslosigkeit in den Ländern der Europäischen Union. Hierzu erfolgte eine Clusteranalyse für 27 europäische Länder für den Zeitraum 2007 bis 2013 unter Anwendung von 15 Indikatoren für folgende Dimensionen: Sozialpolitik, Arbeitsmarktpolitik, Arbeitsbeziehungen, Bildungssystem und Familie. Im Ergebnis wurden die 27 Länder fünf Clustern zuordnen. Diese unterscheiden sich durch ihre Orientierung auf die Lehrlingsausbildung, ihre Markt- oder Familienorientierung bzw. den Flexicurity-Ansatz. Die betriebliche Berufsausbildung wird als besonders erfolgreich bei der Bekämpfung der Jugendarbeitslosigkeit angesehen. Das Flexicurity-Regime beugt vor allem der Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit von Jugendlichen vor. Eine Kombination von beiden wird deshalb als besonders erfolgversprechend angesehen. (IAB)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Jugendliche in prekären Lebenslagen im Übergang zum Beruf: Biographische Zugänge zu Lebenswelten und Bildungsprozessen (2018)

    Templin, Ute;

    Zitatform

    Templin, Ute (2018): Jugendliche in prekären Lebenslagen im Übergang zum Beruf. Biographische Zugänge zu Lebenswelten und Bildungsprozessen. Berlin: Logos, 328 S.

    Abstract

    "Mit welchen Schwierigkeiten Jugendliche aus prekären Lebenslagen auf ihrem Weg von der Arbeitslosigkeit in eine Ausbildung bzw. in einen Beruf zu kämpfen haben, dieser Frage geht Ute Templin auf der Basis von Lebensgeschichten von jungen Menschen nach, die 2002 im Alter von 15 bis 18 Jahren an einer betrieblichen Grundausbildungsmaßnahme teilgenommen haben.
    Ute Templin, die die halbjährige Maßnahme mit ursprünglich 17 TeilnehmerInnen geleitet hat, befragte sieben von ihnen acht Jahre später im Rahmen eines Ehemaligentreffens. Die theoretischen Perspektiven Pierre Bourdieus auf soziale Ungleichheiten und ihre Reproduktion mittels des Habitus werden hierbei genutzt, um die Auswirkungen prekärer Lebenslagen der untersuchten Jugendlichen auf ihren weiteren Bildungs- und Lebensweg zu analysieren. Hermeneutische Zugänge und reflexive Analysen ermöglichen Einblicke in jugendliche Lebenswelten und individuelle Problemlagen. Die Statuspassagen-Theorie und Konzepte der Übergangsforschung dienen dazu, den Übergang vom schulischen in das berufliche Feld auch als Transitionsprozess zu fassen. Die empirische Studie von Ute Templin lässt sich im Feld der Übergangsforschung, der Forschungen zur Reproduktion sozialer Ungleichheit sowie Biographie- und Lebensweltforschung in der Erziehungswissenschaft verorten." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    What drives youth unemployment in Europe?: Economic vs. non-economic determinants (2018)

    Tomic, Iva;

    Zitatform

    Tomic, Iva (2018): What drives youth unemployment in Europe? Economic vs. non-economic determinants. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 157, H. 3, S. 379-408. DOI:10.1111/ilr.12060

    Abstract

    "This article explores the main determinants of youth unemployment in Europe in the period 2002 - 2014, by estimating panel data models for 28 EU member countries. Heterogeneity among EU countries is acknowledged by estimating models on 'high' and 'low' youth unemployment rate subsamples. Main results suggest that youth unemployment is more pronounced in countries with poor GDP growth, low share of construction and high public debt in the economy. Less mobility due to homeownership, corruption, large remittances or fewer possibilities for young people to live outside parental homes are also important, at least for countries with comparatively high youth unemployment rates." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    From Job-seekers to Self-searchers: Changing Contexts and Understandings of School-to-work Transitions (2018)

    Vogt, Kristoffer Chelsom ;

    Zitatform

    Vogt, Kristoffer Chelsom (2018): From Job-seekers to Self-searchers. Changing Contexts and Understandings of School-to-work Transitions. In: Young. Nordic Journal of Youth Research, Jg. 26, H. 4 Supplement, S. 18S-33S. DOI:10.1177/1103308817741006

    Abstract

    "This article sheds new light on a key topic in youth research over recent decades; how young people often rely on individualistic frames of interpretation in understanding their own lives. Based on biographical interviews with two cohorts of skilled men in Norway, the article demonstrates relations between historically specific institutional contexts and the ways in which people understand their school-to-work transitions. Whereas the older cohort accounted for their transitions as embedded processes, the younger cohort, who entered the same occupations three decades later, viewed their transitions as determined by self-searching in institutionalized choice situations. The wider implication of this is that the vocabulary fostered by contemporary transition contexts may invite researchers to overemphasize discrete moments ruptured from process, and thus obscure the dynamic relations between history and biography (Mills, 1959). A life course perspective, with its emphasis on transitions as contextualized processes, represents a viable theoretical alternative." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Intergenerational effects of further vocational training in Germany (2018)

    Zabel, Cordula ; Kopf, Eva;

    Zitatform

    Zabel, Cordula & Eva Kopf (2018): Intergenerational effects of further vocational training in Germany. In: Community, work & family, Jg. 21, H. 5, S. 581-598., 2018-08-31. DOI:10.1080/13668803.2018.1527757

    Abstract

    "This article analyses the influence of unemployed parents' further vocational training on their children's future apprenticeship and employment opportunities. We focus on households receiving means-tested benefits in Germany and investigate whether parents' further vocational training helps avoid an intergenerational transmission of unemployment. Parents' further vocational training can affect children's future apprenticeship and employment opportunities directly, for instance by raising the value attributed to education and training within the family. Indirect effects via parents' improved employment opportunities are possible as well. The sample consists of adolescents who were 14 - 17 years old when their parents participated in a further vocational training programme. We evaluate apprenticeship and employment outcomes for the young adults at ages 17 - 23 using entropy balancing methods on the basis of rich large-scale register data. Our findings indicate significantly positive effects of parents' further vocational training on children's apprenticeship enrolment but non-significant or negative effects on children's regular employment at young ages. Moreover, mediation analysis gives evidence that these effects are partly mediated via an increase in parents' own employment opportunities. Overall, our analyses indicate that parents' further vocational training improves the qualifications of the next generation as well." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Zabel, Cordula ;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Danish labor market, 2000-2016: despite recession-induced job losses, high turnover prevented a steep increase in long-term and youth unemployment (2017)

    Andersen, Torben M. ;

    Zitatform

    Andersen, Torben M. (2017): The Danish labor market, 2000-2016. Despite recession-induced job losses, high turnover prevented a steep increase in long-term and youth unemployment. (IZA world of labor 404), Bonn, 10 S. DOI:10.15185/izawol.404

    Abstract

    "Die dänische Wirtschaft wurde von der Großen Rezession stark getroffen und verzeichnete nach zuvor anhaltenden Beschäftigungszuwächsen große Arbeitsplatzverluste. Insgesamt hat das dänische Flexicurity-Modell die Krise aber erfolgreich bewältigen können. Dank der traditionell hohen Jobfluktuation war die verbreitet eintretende Arbeitslosigkeit meist nur von kurzer Dauer. Dies hat einen starken Anstieg der Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit verhindert und den Arbeitsmarktzugang für junge Menschen nicht erschwert. Die Lohnungleichheit nimmt weniger deutlich als in anderen Ländern zu, die Lohnstreuung ist nach wie vor eher gering." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

    Weiterführende Informationen

    Hier finden Sie die deutsche Kurzfassung
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Small differences matter: How regional distinctions in educational and labour market policy account for heterogeneity in NEET rates (2017)

    Bacher, Johann ; Koblbauer, Christina; Tamesberger, Dennis; Leitgöb, Heinz ;

    Zitatform

    Bacher, Johann, Christina Koblbauer, Heinz Leitgöb & Dennis Tamesberger (2017): Small differences matter: How regional distinctions in educational and labour market policy account for heterogeneity in NEET rates. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 51, S. 1-20. DOI:10.1186/s12651-017-0232-6

    Abstract

    "Labour market and education policy makers and researchers are increasingly focusing on the NEET indicator as a supplement to the youth unemployment rate. Analyses of factors influencing NEET have concentrated primarily on individual characteristics such as gender and migration background on one hand, and on macro-level factors of nations such as economic growth and minimum wage regulations on the other. However, nations are not homogenous, especially when a country is divided into several federal states, as is the case with Austria. This article aims to analyse regional differences within Austria. In order to explain the differences, we define a multilevel model that contains four contextual factors: the importance of upper secondary education; the importance of dual education; vacant jobs; and expenditures for active labour market policy. Because the institutional level addresses different age groups, the analysis was split into two age groups: 15 - 19 and 20 - 24 years. The results have shown that, besides the social structure of the population, contextual factors like the upper secondary education, the dual education, vacant jobs, and expenditures for active labour market policy are also relevant for explaining regional differences in the NEET rates. But one main insight was that the impact of the contextual factors varies between different social groups." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The interplay of educational and labour market institutions and links to relative youth unemployment (2017)

    Brzinsky-Fay, Christian ;

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    Brzinsky-Fay, Christian (2017): The interplay of educational and labour market institutions and links to relative youth unemployment. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 27, H. 4, S. 346-359. DOI:10.1177/0958928717719198

    Abstract

    "Many institutional theories assume that institutions function in conjunction with each other and, therefore, constitute regimes. Moreover, when analysing institutional effects most researchers maintain a purely variable-oriented approach and its ceteris-paribus logic of causal association. This article analyses associations between configurations of labour market and education institutions and relative youth unemployment by examining 30 countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The analysis reveals that no single institution constitutes a sufficient or necessary condition for relative youth unemployment. Institutions unfold their effects only in combination with other institutions, that is, they are always conjunctural. Low relative youth unemployment cannot be explained adequately. Employment protection is only associated with high relative youth unemployment if vocational specificity, standardisation and stratification is low." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Young people and UK labour market policy: A critique of 'employability' as a tool for understanding youth unemployment (2017)

    Crisp, Richard ; Powell, Ryan ;

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    Crisp, Richard & Ryan Powell (2017): Young people and UK labour market policy. A critique of 'employability' as a tool for understanding youth unemployment. In: Urban studies, Jg. 54, H. 8, S. 1784-1807. DOI:10.1177/0042098016637567

    Abstract

    "This paper presents a critical analysis of the contemporary policy focus on promoting employability among young people in the UK. Drawing on analysis of UK policy approaches to tackling youth unemployment since the late 1970s, we suggest that existing critiques of employability as 'supply-side orthodoxy' fail to capture fully its evolving meaning and function. Under the UK Coalition Government, it became increasingly colonised as a targeted tool of urban governance to legitimise ever more punitive forms of conditional welfare. We argue that this colonisation undermines the value of the notion of employability as an academic tool for understanding the reasons why young people face difficulties in entering the labour market. The paper suggests that the notion of youth transitions offers more potential for understanding youth unemployment, and that more clearly linking this body of research to policy could provide a fruitful avenue for future research. Such a shift requires a longer term, spatially informed perspective as well as greater emphasis on the changing power relations that mediate young people's experiences of wider social and economic transformations. The paper concludes that promoting employment among urban young people requires a marked shift to address the historically and geographically inadequate knowledge and assumptions on which policies are based." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Strategies to improve labour market integration of young people: comparing policy coordination in nine European countries (2017)

    Dingeldey, Irene ; Assmann, Marie-Luise; Steinberg, Lisa;

    Zitatform

    Dingeldey, Irene, Marie-Luise Assmann & Lisa Steinberg (2017): Strategies to improve labour market integration of young people. Comparing policy coordination in nine European countries. (NEGOTIATE working paper 8.2), Oslo, 55 S.

    Abstract

    "The analysis is based on nine in-depth country studies including Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Greece, Germany, Poland, Spain, the UK and two non-EU countries; Norway and Switzerland, which serve as a reference group.
    The empirical research makes use of both primary and secondary sources, as well as four to six expert interviews per country to identify different types of youth employment regimes and strategies used to implement the respective policies.
    The introduction of the Youth Guarantee (YG) was met with high expectations. Since the economic crisis youth unemployment has significantly increased. It was accompanied by a flexibilisation of employment forms and the lowering of youth wages, both attempts to facilitate integration in the labour market. Hence, it was up to the YG to address existing problems vis-à-vis young people entering the labour market, and to improve policy coordination." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Arbeitsfähig?! Identitätskonstruktionen junger Erwachsener im arbeitsideologischen Diskurs: eine empirische Analyse (2017)

    Discher, Kerstin; Hartfiel, Anna Kristina;

    Zitatform

    Discher, Kerstin & Anna Kristina Hartfiel (2017): Arbeitsfähig?! Identitätskonstruktionen junger Erwachsener im arbeitsideologischen Diskurs. Eine empirische Analyse. In: Soziale Passagen, Jg. 9, H. 1, S. 23-42. DOI:10.1007/s12592-017-0259-0

    Abstract

    "Für eine Transformation des Sozialstaats in Richtung eines aktivierenden Sozialstaats sind arbeitsideologische Leitlinien konstitutiv. Diese legitimieren sowohl Gesetzesänderungen zum Abbau sozialstaatlicher Kollektivgarantien als auch einen veränderten Umgang mit erwerbslosen Menschen. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellen wir uns im vorliegenden Artikel anhand biografisch-narrativer Interviews mit jungen Erwachsenen in verschiedenen beruflichen Übergangssituationen die Frage, inwieweit junge Erwachsene in ihrer Erzählung arbeitsideologische Leitlinien zur Konstruktion ihrer narrativen Identität nutzen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass sich die jungen Erwachsenen in ihren Erzählungen als (engagierte) Arbeitssubjekte positionieren wollen. Deutlich wird, dass sie sich letztlich als selbstverantwortlich dafür fühlen, einen Platz in der 'Aktivgesellschaft' zu finden. Bedeutsam für die Analyse ist dabei der Blick auf die unterschiedlichen Artikulationsmöglichkeiten, die ihnen hierfür je nach Sprecher*innenposition, die sie im Diskurs innehaben, gegeben sind. So zeigen wir in diesem Artikel auf, wie arbeitsideologische Leitlinien je nach Sprecher*innenposition aufgegriffen werden (können), um der eigenen Biografie in der aktuellen Lebenssituation des beruflichen Überganges Sinn zu verleihen." (Autorenreferat, © Springer-Verlag)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Does reducing unemployment benefits during a recession reduce youth unemployment?: evidence from a 50% cut in unemployment assistance (2017)

    Doris, Aedín ; Sweetman, Olive ; O'Neill, Donal;

    Zitatform

    Doris, Aedín, Donal O'Neill & Olive Sweetman (2017): Does reducing unemployment benefits during a recession reduce youth unemployment? Evidence from a 50% cut in unemployment assistance. (IZA discussion paper 10727), Bonn, 38 S.

    Abstract

    "We use administrative data to examine the effect of a 50% benefit cut for young unemployed workers in Ireland during the Great Recession. Because the cut applied only to new benefit claims, claimants whose unemployment start dates differed by a matter of days received very different benefits; we exploit this fact in our Regression Discontinuity and Difference-in-Difference analyses. While we find no impact on unemployment duration for those aged 20-21, the benefit cut significantly reduced duration for 18 year olds, with an estimated elasticity close to one. We consider possible explanations for our findings and also examine long-run effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Understanding cross-country variation in the long-term consequences of graduating at a bad time: a comparison of five European countries (2017)

    Helbling, Laura; Sacchi, Stefan ; Imdorf, Christian ;

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    Helbling, Laura, Stefan Sacchi & Christian Imdorf (2017): Understanding cross-country variation in the long-term consequences of graduating at a bad time. A comparison of five European countries. (NEGOTIATE working paper 6.3), Oslo, 40 S.

    Abstract

    "This working paper investigates if graduating in a bad economy scars careers of youth cohorts in terms of increased future unemployment and overrepresentation in fixed-term and involuntary part-time work. These dynamics of scarring are explored from a cross-country comparative perspective, focusing on the UK, Germany, Switzerland, Spain and Finland. These countries make up for interesting cases as they differ remarkably on institutional and economic dimensions such as for example the vocational orientation of their education systems, the strictness of employment protection legislation, active labour market policies to support job-search success of jobless young people and the general level of prevalent youth unemployment, which are assumed to be related to cross-nationally distinct patterns in scarring effects. The focus of the empirical analysis is on long-term effects of the level of aggregate youth unemployment at graduation on career evolvement of school-leaver cohorts over 12 years since their graduation, distinguishing between educational groups while allowing for gender effects. All in all we find that bad luck in timing of labour market entry can scar future careers over the long-run. A bad economy at labour market entry may thus be seen as a major risk factor for the future integration of youth cohorts in very different institutional contexts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Long-term unemployed youth: Characteristics and policy responses (2017)

    Mascherini, Massimiliano ; Ledermaier, Stefanie; Vacas-Soriano, Carlos; Jacobs, Lena;

    Zitatform

    Mascherini, Massimiliano, Stefanie Ledermaier, Carlos Vacas-Soriano & Lena Jacobs (2017): Long-term unemployed youth. Characteristics and policy responses. (Eurofound research report / European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions), Dublin, 85 S. DOI:10.2806/940447

    Abstract

    "While the youth labour market has improved considerably since 2014, one legacy of the recent economic crisis is the large cohort of long-term unemployed young people, which represents nearly one-third of jobless young people. This report provides an updated profile of the youth labour market in 2016 and describes trends over the past decade. It explores the determinants of long-term unemployment, at both sociodemographic and macroeconomic levels. It also provides evidence on the serious consequences for young people of spending a protracted time in unemployment, such as scarring effects on income and occupation and on several dimensions of young people's well-being. The report concludes with a discussion of selected policy measures recently implemented by 10 Member States in order to prevent young people from becoming long-term unemployed or, if they are in such circumstances, to integrate them into the labour market or education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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    Executive Summary
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Absolventen allgemeinbildender und beruflicher Bildungsgänge in Europa: Der Start ins Berufsleben ist in einigen Ländern besonders schwierig (2016)

    Anger, Silke ; Rodrigues, Margarida ; Leber, Ute;

    Zitatform

    Anger, Silke, Ute Leber & Margarida Rodrigues (2016): Absolventen allgemeinbildender und beruflicher Bildungsgänge in Europa: Der Start ins Berufsleben ist in einigen Ländern besonders schwierig. (IAB-Kurzbericht 11/2016), Nürnberg, 8 S.

    Abstract

    "Die Integration junger Menschen in den Arbeitsmarkt hat eine zentrale Bedeutung für die wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Entwicklung eines Landes. Dies gilt umso mehr, als frühe Arbeitsmarkterfahrungen wichtig sind für den späteren Beschäftigungserfolg. Allerdings ist der Eintritt in das Erwerbsleben für viele Jugendliche in Europa auch infolge der Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise immer noch schwierig. Ein neuer Indikator der EU, die Erwerbstätigenquote von Absolventen allgemeinbildender und beruflicher Bildungsgänge, soll den Beitrag des Bildungssystems beim Übergang in den Arbeitsmarkt adäquat abbilden. Auf Basis dieser Kennzahl zeigen die Autorinnen die Entwicklung der Beschäftigung von jungen Menschen mit Schul-, Berufs- oder Hochschulabschluss in Europa über die letzten zehn Jahre und gehen auf Unterschiede zwischen den Ländern sowie auf länderspezifische Einflussfaktoren ein." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Anger, Silke ; Leber, Ute;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Are recessions good for human capital accumulation? (2016)

    Ayllón, Sara ; Nollenberger, Natalia ;

    Zitatform

    Ayllón, Sara & Natalia Nollenberger (2016): Are recessions good for human capital accumulation? (NEGOTIATE working paper 5.1), Oslo, 32 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper is the first to investigate to what extent the high levels of joblessness brought by the Great Recession across Europe have translated into higher school attendance among youth. Using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the EU- SILC on 28 countries, we establish a robust counter-cyclical relationship between rising unemployment rates and school enrollment. The same is true for transitions back to education. However, our analysis by subgroups reveals a worrisome trend by which youths belonging to most disadvantaged backgrounds (measured by low household income) became less likely to enroll in University studies. The austerity measures and educational cutbacks imposed during the recession, not only changed the pattern of educational decisions among you" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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