Menschen mit Behinderungen in Ausbildung und Beruf
Mit dem Bundesteilhabegesetz und dem Nationalen Aktionsplan 2.0 wurden 2016 zwei wichtige behindertenpolitische Vorhaben angestoßen und in den Folgejahren umgesetzt und weiterentwickelt. Damit soll im Einklang mit der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention die Inklusion in Deutschland weiter vorangetrieben werden, indem die Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen gestärkt werden. Mit dem schrittweisen Inkrafttreten des Bundesteilhabegesetzes erfuhren das Recht der Rehabilitation und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen und die Eingliederungshilfe (SGB IX) weitreichende Änderungen. Wie stellt sich die Situation von behinderten Menschen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt dar? Wie lassen sich behindertengerechte Berufsleben und inklusive Arbeitswelten gestalten?
Die Infoplattform stellt zentrale Dokumente und relevante Quellenhinweise zusammen, inhaltlich strukturiert nach den Aspekten der Politik für behinderte Menschen und den diskutierten bzw. realisierten Reformanstrengungen.
- Ergebnisse und Projekte aus dem IAB
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Ausbildung, Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen
- Politik und Rechtsprechung für behinderte Menschen
- Rehabilitationseinrichtungen
- Berufsvorbereitung, Berufsberatung, Berufswahl
- Studium
- Berufsausbildung, Berufseinmündung
- Fortbildung und Umschulung
- betriebliche Rehabilitation
- Maßnahmen zur Erhaltung der Arbeitsfähigkeit
- Erfolgskontrolle, Kosten-Nutzen-Aspekte
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Arbeitsmarktsituation behinderter Menschen
- Arbeitsmarktpolitik, Inklusion, Persönliches Budget
- Beschäftigungsentwicklung
- Arbeitslosigkeit
- Beschäftigung in Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen
- Beschäftigung in alternativen Einrichtungen, Selbsthilfefirmen
- Berufliche Selbständigkeit
- Hochqualifizierte behinderte Menschen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt
- Beschäftigung im ersten Arbeitsmarkt
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Berufsleben und Arbeitswelt behinderter Menschen
- Personalpolitik, Arbeitgebereinstellungen, finanzielle Einstellungsanreize
- Eingliederungshilfe, BEM, Arbeitsassistenz, Unterstützte Beschäftigung, Arbeitsplatzsicherung
- Arbeitsbedingungen, Arbeitsplatzgestaltung, technische Arbeitshilfen, Arbeitszeit
- Berufsverlauf, Berufserfolg
- Berufsstruktur, Einzelberufe
- Arbeitszufriedenheit
- Lohn, Einkommen
- Behinderungsart
- Alter
- Geografischer Bezug
- Geschlecht
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Literaturhinweis
Does flexicurity promote the employment of disabled people: a panel analysis for Italian regional data (2016)
Zitatform
Agovino, Massimiliano & Agnese Rapposelli (2016): Does flexicurity promote the employment of disabled people. A panel analysis for Italian regional data. In: Quality and Quantity. International Journal of Methodology, Jg. 50, H. 5, S. 2085-2105. DOI:10.1007/s11135-015-0252-7
Abstract
"The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of flexicurity upon regional labour market performance in the employment of disabled people. To this purpose, we implement a static model, via 2SLS, and a dynamic model, via GMM-system, on Italian regions for the period 2006 - 2011. Our results show a failure of flexicurity for people with disabilities in terms of policy, it is important to promote more flexibility in the laws governing the employment of disabled people and in contributory benefits transfer programmes. Moreover, it is necessary to promote policy actions aimed at supporting private firms in their production process." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employment social skills: what skills are really valued? (2016)
Zitatform
Agran, Martin, Carolyn Hughes, Colleen A. Thoma & LaRon A. Scott (2016): Employment social skills. What skills are really valued? In: Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, Jg. 39, H. 2, S. 111-120. DOI:10.1177/2165143414546741
Abstract
"Although social skills have long been recognized as essential in promoting employees' employability (e.g., maintaining employment), there has been little research about work-related social skills for the last two decades. A systematic replication of Salzberg, Agran, and Lignugaris/Kraft's investigation of critical social skills was conducted. Specifically, a national sample of secondary teachers was asked to rate the importance of social skills in employment settings and the extent to which instruction was provided to teach these skills. Among the skills rated as most important were seeking clarification for unclear instructions, arriving at work on time, refraining from inappropriate touching of others, carrying out instructions needing immediate attention, notifying a supervisor when assistance is needed, responding appropriately to critical feedback, and interacting well with customers/clients. Interestingly, the skills perceived to be the most important were not the skills that were most frequently taught. The implications of these findings are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The differential earnings and income effects of involuntary job loss on workers with disabilities: evidence of Sweden (2016)
Zitatform
Angelov, Nikolay & Marcus Eliason (2016): The differential earnings and income effects of involuntary job loss on workers with disabilities. Evidence of Sweden. In: Labour, Jg. 30, H. 2, S. 213-233. DOI:10.1111/labr.12062
Abstract
"People with disabilities are consistently found to face considerable difficulties in the labour market. In this study we investigated whether their earnings and income trajectories are more adversely affected in case of involuntary job loss. Earnings of those with and without disabilities began to diverge already several years prior to job loss because of larger incidence of sickness. Following job loss much more job losers with disabilities became disability retirees resulting in a considerable and seemingly permanent earnings differential. However, larger uptake of public social insurances among job losers with disabilities resulted in a much smaller income differential." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of disability benefits on labor supply: Evidence from the VA's disability compensation program (2016)
Zitatform
Autor, David, Mark Duggan, Kyle Greenberg & David S. Lyle (2016): The impact of disability benefits on labor supply. Evidence from the VA's disability compensation program. In: American Economic Journal. Applied Economics, Jg. 8, H. 3, S. 31-68. DOI:10.1257/app.20150158
Abstract
"Combining administrative data from the US Army, Department of Veterans Affairs, and Social Security Administration, we analyze the effect of the VA's Disability Compensation (DC) program on veterans' labor force participation and earnings. We study the 2001 Agent Orange decision, a unique policy change that expanded DC eligibility for Vietnam veterans who served in theater but did not expand eligibility to other veterans of this era, to assess the causal effects of DC enrollment. We estimate that benefits receipt reduced veterans' labor force participation by 18 percentage points, though measured income net of transfer income rose on average." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Using sensory, functional, and activity limitation data to estimate employment outcomes for working-age persons with disabilities in the United States (2016)
Zitatform
Brucker, Debra L., Andrew J. Houtenville & Eric A. Lauer (2016): Using sensory, functional, and activity limitation data to estimate employment outcomes for working-age persons with disabilities in the United States. In: Journal of Disability Policy Studies, Jg. 27, H. 3, S. 131-137. DOI:10.1177/1044207315578949
Abstract
"Using data from the 2010 - 2012 American Community Survey (ACS), we estimate employment outcomes among persons with different combinations of sensory, functional, and activity limitations while controlling for individual characteristics. We consider activity limitations as indicators of barriers to independent living and of a need for support services. We find that the presence of an activity limitation is strongly associated with decreased odds of employment for persons with sensory or functional limitations. Results provide support for the targeted allocation of resources to increase independent living among persons with disabilities as a means to improve employment outcomes among persons with disabilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Estimating the income loss of disabled individuals: the case of Spain (2016)
Zitatform
Cervini-Plá, Maria, Jose I. Silva & Judit Vall Castello (2016): Estimating the income loss of disabled individuals. The case of Spain. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 51, H. 2, S. 809-829. DOI:10.1007/s00181-015-1019-7
Abstract
"Abstract In this paper, we present a theoretical model along with an empirical model to identify the effects of disability on wages. From the theoretical model, we derive the hypothesis that only the temporary component of the wage gap, which is due to assimilation costs, will diminish over time, whereas the permanent element, which is due to the productivity loss after the disabling condition, will in fact persist. We test this theoretical hypothesis using an exogenous disability shock (accident) and combine propensity score matching with a difference-in-differences method to account for observed and unobserved time-constant differences. In all our specifications, we find that the reduction in wages for the disabled is between 274 and 308 euros per month, and this represents 19 - 22%of the average wage of a disabled worker. This gap, however, is more than offset when we count disability benefits and wages collectively as income. As predicted in the theoretical model, we observe that around 40% of the initial wage gap between disabled and non-disabled individuals is reversed once the transitory drop in productivity disappears. However, we also observe a constant wage gap that remains over time and that corresponds to the permanent fall in productivity predicted by the theoretical model (60% of the initial wage gap)." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Predictors of job accommodations for individuals with psychiatric disabilities (2016)
Chow, Clifton M.; Cichocki, Benjamin;Zitatform
Chow, Clifton M. & Benjamin Cichocki (2016): Predictors of job accommodations for individuals with psychiatric disabilities. In: Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, Jg. 59, H. 3, S. 172-184. DOI:10.1177/0034355215583057
Abstract
"The empirical literature on the impact of psychiatric disability on employment outcomes has consistently shown that individuals with psychiatric disabilities are more likely than those without to experience adverse labor market outcomes. One strategy invoked to address barriers to employment has been reasonable job accommodations, developed originally through the Americans With Disabilities Act legislation. However, little is known about the factors associated with the request for reasonable job accommodations among those with serious psychiatric disabilities. Data for this study come from a longitudinal multisite demonstration project funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Accommodations were reported by individuals with serious mental health disabilities who became employed. Results from logistic regression analysis found that those who disclosed their disability to their employers, who were more severely disabled, and who had positive social relationships were more likely to request accommodations. This study advances our knowledge of the factors that influence the decision of individuals with serious mental health disabilities to seek accommodation in the work environment and offers a framework for guiding rehabilitation counselors in ways that might help to enhance employment outcomes for this population." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Impacts of school structural factors and student factors on employment outcomes for youth with disabilities in transition: a secondary data analysis (2016)
Zitatform
Dong, Shengli, Ellen Fabian & Richard G. Luecking (2016): Impacts of school structural factors and student factors on employment outcomes for youth with disabilities in transition. A secondary data analysis. In: Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, Jg. 59, H. 4, S. 224-234. DOI:10.1177/0034355215595515
Abstract
"This study aimed to examine school structural factors (i.e., free/reduced lunch percentage, proportion of minority student enrollment, and student - teacher ratio) that may contribute to employment outcomes for transitioning youth with disabilities beyond individual student factors through hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analyses. The secondary data for 3,289 students were obtained from the Bridges From School to Work Program, and the school structural data for 121 schools were drawn from the Common Core of Data. The major types of disabilities for the student participants included learning disabilities (73.1%), emotional and behavioral disabilities (4.7%), sensory disabilities (2%), and others (20.2%). Around 41% of participants were female. The study found that employment outcomes (i.e., whether a participant secured a paid job and weekly job earnings) were primarily attributed to student individual factors rather than school structural factors, particularly prior paid work experience. The finding suggests the potential importance of effective transition interventions to improve employment outcomes for all youth with disabilities. Implications for rehabilitation professionals are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Not all jobs are the same: predictors of job quality for adults with intellectual disabilities (2016)
Zitatform
Heyman, Miriam, Jeffrey E. Stokes & Gary N. Siperstein (2016): Not all jobs are the same. Predictors of job quality for adults with intellectual disabilities. In: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, Jg. 44, H. 3, S. 299-306. DOI:10.3233/JVR-160800
Abstract
"Background: Some adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) who are competitively employed earn more than minimum wage, receive health benefits from their employers, and have work schedules that accommodate their financial and personal needs. However, most competitively employed adults with ID lack such benefits that are commonly associated with high-quality competitive employment.
Objective: The objective of this study was to look within the population of adults with ID who are competitively employed in order to understand factors related to high-quality competitive employment.
Methods: Respondents included a national sample of 153 parents/guardians of adult children (21 years of age or older) with intellectual disabilities who were competitively employed. These parents/guardians were drawn from a nationally representative sample of 1,055 households which included an adult with an intellectual disability.
Results: The results indicated that while high-quality competitive employment is attainable for adults with ID, most competitively employed adults with ID lack benefits including health insurance and salaries that are above minimum wage. Adaptive behavior was related to greater job quality. Also, beyond the influence of adaptive behavior, being at the same job for three or more years significantly predicted higher wages, more work hours, and greater likelihood of receiving health benefits.
Conclusions: Policies and programs should look beyond emphasizing competitive employment as the ultimate goal for individuals with intellectual disabilities, and should seek to promote access to high-quality competitive employment. Improving employment stability may contribute to this goal." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Making disability work?: the effects of financial incentives on partially disabled workers (2016)
Zitatform
Koning, Pierre & Jan-Maarten van Sonsbeek (2016): Making disability work? The effects of financial incentives on partially disabled workers. (IZA discussion paper 9624), Bonn, S. 202-215. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2017.05.008
Abstract
"This study uses longitudinal administrative data from the Netherlands to explore the responsiveness of disabled workers to financial incentives. We focus on workers with partial Disability Insurance (DI) benefits that have substantial residual work capacities. When the first phase of benefit entitlement to DI has expired, these workers experience a dramatic drop in income if they do not employ their residual income capacity. Entitlement periods to the first phase of DI benefits vary across individuals. This enables us to estimate the impact effect of this change in work incentives on the incidence of work, on wage earnings and on full work resumption. Based on the estimation results, the implied labor force non-participation elasticity rate equals 0.12. Response estimates are highest among young DI recipients, who typically have shorter entitlement periods to the more generous first phase of DI benefits. The incentive change has a limited impact on wage earnings of partially disabled workers and no significant impact on full work resumption." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The workplace discrimination experiences of middle-age and younger adult workers with disabilities: results from the National EEOC ADA Research Project (2016)
Zitatform
Li, Jiana, Kelly E. Cichy, Phillip D. Rumrill & Brian T. McMahon (2016): The workplace discrimination experiences of middle-age and younger adult workers with disabilities. Results from the National EEOC ADA Research Project. In: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, Jg. 45, H. 3, S. 365-376. DOI:10.3233/JVR-160836
Abstract
"Background: Little is known about the employment discrimination experiences of middle-aged workers with disabilities.
Objective: This study investigated the employment discrimination experiences of middle-age charging parties with disabilities (ages 35 - 54 years) in comparison to younger adult charging parties with disabilities (ages 25 - 34 years) on demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, disability type), characteristics of employers against whom allegations were filed (e.g., size, industry type), the nature of the discrimination, and the resolution of these allegations.
Methods: The study utilized data from the Integrated Mission System of the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
Results: Findings indicated that, compared to younger adult charging parties, middle-age charging parties were more likely to be male and Caucasian; more likely to file allegations on the basis of diabetes, heart/cardiovascular disease, back impairments, and cancer; and less likely to file allegations on the basis of anxiety disorders, manic depressive disorder, schizophrenia, or other psychological impairments. Middle-age charging parties were less likely than younger charging parties to allege discrimination related to unlawful discharge and constructive discharge, but more likely to allege discrimination related to layoff. They were less likely to allege discrimination against small employers and employers in the finance/insurance, accommodation/food service, and retail trade industries. Middle-age charging parties were more likely to allege discrimination against employers in the manufacturing, transportation and warehousing, utilities, educational services, and public administration industries. Middle-age charging parties were slightly less likely than younger adult charging parties to have ADA title I allegations resolved in their favor through the EEOC's investigatory process.
Conclusions: Implications for working with prime age workers with disabilities are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Frauen mit Behinderung in Bildung und Arbeit - einen Steinwurf von der Gleichstellung entfernt?: eine Studie über die aktuelle Situation in der Deutschschweiz (2016)
Manfredi, Olga; Zimmermann, Helen;Zitatform
Manfredi, Olga & Helen Zimmermann (2016): Frauen mit Behinderung in Bildung und Arbeit - einen Steinwurf von der Gleichstellung entfernt? Eine Studie über die aktuelle Situation in der Deutschschweiz. Luzern: Verlag an der Reuss, 165 S.
Abstract
"Mehrfachdiskriminierung von Frauen mit Behinderung im Bildungs- und Erwerbsbereich ist bis heute in der Schweiz wenig erforscht. Die Autorinnen legen mit ihrem Forschungsbeitrag einen wichtigen Grundstein zum bisher kaum geführten Diskurs um die Gleichstellung von Frauen mit Behinderung in Bildung und Erwerb.
Ihre empirische Untersuchung zeigt, dass alle befragten Frauen Diskriminierung erlebten. Zum Teil gingen die Diskriminierungen so weit, dass sie auch im juristischen Sinn als Verletzung von Gleichheitsansprüchen zu werten sind. Geschlecht, Behinderung und weitere Lebensmerkmale, die zu Mehrfachdiskriminierung führen können, sind gegeben und nicht aus der Welt zu schaffen. Die Erkenntnisse dieser Studie sollen dazu beitragen, dass die gestaltete Umwelt so konstruiert wird, dass eine effektive und umfassende Gleichstellung von Frauen mit Behinderung eines Tages Wirklichkeit wird. Dazu zeigen die Autorinnen Handlungsansätze auf." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku) -
Literaturhinweis
Are workers with disabilities more likely to be displaced? (2016)
Zitatform
Mitra, Sophie & Douglas Kruse (2016): Are workers with disabilities more likely to be displaced? In: The international journal of human resource management, Jg. 27, H. 14, S. 1550-1579. DOI:10.1080/09585192.2015.1137616
Abstract
"The literature on employment and disability has been relatively silent regarding the job loss experience of persons with disabilities. We document the gap in job displacement rates across disability status in the United States over the 2007 - 2013 period using data from the 2010, 2012 and 2014 Displaced Worker Supplements of the Current Population Survey. We find that men and women with disabilities are, respectively, 75 and 89% more likely to experience an involuntary job loss than men and women without disabilities in the United States over the 2007 - 2013 period, with gaps in displacement rates of eight and seven percentage points for men and women, respectively. A significant gap is found in most occupation-education subsamples. Using a logit decomposition, we find that differences in observable characteristics do not explain the gap in the job loss rate across disability status. Longitudinal tests following workers over a one-year period point to a causal effect of disability on the likelihood of displacement. While the disability gap may be due to unobservable characteristics, job mismatch and employer discrimination are also possible explanations, highlighting the potential importance of employer and public policies in improving the job security of workers with disabilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Disability and employment across Central and Eastern European countries (2016)
Zitatform
Mussida, Chiara & Dario Sciulli (2016): Disability and employment across Central and Eastern European countries. In: IZA journal of labor and development, Jg. 5, S. 1-24. DOI:10.1186/s40175-016-0049-7
Abstract
"We contribute to the scarce literature focusing on the life outcomes of disabled people in Central and Eastern European Countries by estimating the effects of disability on employment probabilities for six Central and Eastern European Countries. We find that disability negatively affects the employment probabilities of disabled people, especially those with severe disabilities. The effects of disability persist even after controlling for disability benefits, signaling a predominant role for disability per se. The long-term effects of disability are smaller than the short-term effects, suggesting the partial integration of disabled people into the labor market over time, which might favor both social inclusion and a country's economic performance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labor market integration of people with disabilities: results from the Swiss spinal cord injury cohort study (2016)
Reinhardt, Jan D. ; Brinkhof, Martin W. G. ; Post, Marcel W. M. ; Fekete, Christine ; Trezzini, Bruno ;Zitatform
Reinhardt, Jan D., Marcel W. M. Post, Christine Fekete, Bruno Trezzini & Martin W. G. Brinkhof (2016): Labor market integration of people with disabilities. Results from the Swiss spinal cord injury cohort study. In: PLoS one, Jg. 11, H. 11, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0166955
Abstract
"Objectives
We aimed to describe labor market participation (LMP) of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Switzerland, to examine potential determinants of LMP, and to compare LMP between SCI and the general population.
Methods
We analyzed data from 1458 participants of employable age from the cross-sectional community survey of the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study. Data on LMP of the Swiss general population were obtained from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office. Factors associated with employment status as well as the amount of work performed in terms of full-time equivalent (FTE) were examined with regression techniques.
Results
53.4% of the participants were employed at the time of the study. Adjusted odds of being employed were increased for males (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.33-2.25) and participants with paraplegia (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.40-2.27). The likelihood of being employed showed a significant concave relationship with age, peaking at age 40. The relation of LMP with education was s-shaped, while LMP was linearly related to time since injury. On average, employment rates were 30% lower than in the general population. Males with tetraplegia aged between 40 and 54 showed the greatest difference. From the 771 employed persons, the majority (81.7%) worked part-time with a median of 50% FTE (IRQ: 40%-80%). Men, those with younger age, higher education, incomplete lesions, and non-traumatic etiology showed significantly increased odds of working more hours per week. Significantly more people worked part-time than in the general population with the greatest difference found for males with tetraplegia aged between 40 and 54.
Conclusions
LMP of persons with SCI is comparatively high in Switzerland. LMP after SCI is, however, considerably lower than in the general population. Future research needs to show whether the reduced LMP in SCI reflects individual capacity adjustment, contextual constraints on higher LMP or both." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Entrepreneurial entry by people with disabilities (2016)
Zitatform
Renko, Maija, Sarah Parker Harris & Kate Caldwell (2016): Entrepreneurial entry by people with disabilities. In: International Small Business Journal, Jg. 34, H. 5, S. 555-578. DOI:10.1177/0266242615579112
Abstract
"This article investigates the effect of disability on progress in the start-up process. One person out of 10 has a disability, yet entrepreneurship literature remains silent on the contributions of this population. This is surprising given that people with disabilities are more likely to be self-employed than the general population. Results from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics show that start-up efforts by nascent entrepreneurs with disabilities are less likely to result in the emergence of a viable organization, indicating that nascent entrepreneurs with disabilities face particular challenges." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gender and disability in male-dominated occupations: a social relational model (2016)
Zitatform
Sang, Katherine J.C., James Richards & Abigail Marks (2016): Gender and disability in male-dominated occupations. A social relational model. In: Gender, Work and Organization, Jg. 23, H. 6, S. 566-581. DOI:10.1111/gwao.12143
Abstract
"Evidence from male-dominated sectors points to high levels of disability and the disabling nature of working environments. However, research of this nature assumes a medical model of disability that does not account for the social construction of disability or the lived experiences of disabled employees. Using data from seven focus groups (n = 44) and semi-structured interviews with professional transport employees with life-long hidden 'impairments', including dyslexia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia, ADD/ADHD and Asperger syndrome (n = 22), this paper explores the lived experiences of men and women working in a sector traditionally dominated by men, the transport industry. Key themes include homosociality, public - private divide and the impact of changing work practices. Further, the data revealed how those with hidden 'impairments' in part construct their identities in relation to both non-disabled colleagues and those considered stereotypically representing disability (wheelchair users). This study furthers understandings of the relationality of gender and disability in the workplace, and the lived experiences of disabled employees." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The work activity and participation outcomes framework: a new look at work disability outcomes through the lens of the ICF (2015)
AlHeresh, Rawan A.; Keysor, Julie J.;Zitatform
AlHeresh, Rawan A. & Julie J. Keysor (2015): The work activity and participation outcomes framework. A new look at work disability outcomes through the lens of the ICF. In: International journal of rehabilitation research, Jg. 38, H. 2, S. 107-112.
Abstract
"Work disability is common among people with chronic conditions. The terminology in the field is variable and often used interchangeably and there is a lack of comprehensive frameworks to describe work as an outcome. Varied operationalization of work disability makes it difficult to establish precise estimates of the impact of chronic musculoskeletal conditions on work. A new conceptual framework was developed using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and was named 'Work Activity and Participation Outcome (Work APO) Framework' which clarified definitions in the field. Applying the framework to people at risk of work disability and evaluating their outcomes could advance the literature." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The disability employment puzzle: a field experiment on employer hiring behavior (2015)
Zitatform
Ameri, Mason, Lisa Schur, Meera Adya, Scott Bentley, Patrick McKay & Douglas Kruse (2015): The disability employment puzzle. A field experiment on employer hiring behavior. (NBER working paper 21560), Cambrige, Mass., 70 S. DOI:10.3386/w21560
Abstract
"People with disabilities have low employment and wage levels, and some studies suggest employer discrimination is a contributing factor. Following the method of Bertrand and Mullainathan (2003), new evidence is presented from a field experiment that sent applications in response to 6,016 advertised accounting positions from well-qualified fictional applicants, with one-third of cover letters disclosing that the applicant has a spinal cord injury, one-third disclosing the presence of Asperger's Syndrome, and one-third not mentioning disability. These specific disabilities were chosen because they would not be expected to limit productivity in accounting, helping rule out productivity-based explanations for any differences in employer responses. Half of the resumes portrayed a novice accountant, and half portrayed an experienced one. The fictional applicants with disabilities received 26% fewer expressions of employer interest than those without disabilities, with little difference between the two types of disability. The disability gap was concentrated among more experienced applicants, and among private companies with fewer than 15 employees that are not covered by the ADA, although comparable state statutes cover about half of them. Comparisons above and below disability law coverage thresholds point to a possible positive effect of the ADA on employer responses to applicants with disabilities, but no clear effects of state laws. The overall pattern of findings is consistent with the idea that disability discrimination continues to impede employment prospects of people with disabilities, and more attention needs to be paid to employer behavior and the demand side of the labor market for people with disabilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: ILR Review, online first (2017), 36 S. -
Literaturhinweis
The impact of a disability on labour market status: a comparison of the public and private sectors (2015)
Zitatform
Barnay, Thomas, Emmanuel Duguet, Christine Le Clainche, Mathieu Narcy & Yann Videau (2015): The impact of a disability on labour market status. A comparison of the public and private sectors. (Centre d'Etudes de l'Emploi. Document de travail 178), Noisy-le-Grand, 30 S.
Abstract
"This study analyses the causal effect of a disability on subsequent labour market status by distinguishing between public employment and private employment in France. This study provides two original contributions. First, previous studies have not distinguished between the public and private sectors although the characteristics of these sectors are likely to affect the relationship between the occurrence of a disability and labour market status. Second, we implement a difference-in-differences approach combined with an exact and dynamic matching method, which has never been used to estimate the effect of a disability on labour market status. We utilise data from the Santé et itinéraire professionnel (SIP) survey conducted in France during the period 2006-2007. The results indicate that the occurrence of a disability exerts a strong detrimental effect on private employment but has no significant effect on public employment during the five years after its occurrence. Moreover, this public/private difference is neither explained by differences in the type of disability nor by differences in the composition of the workforce employed in each sector." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Ergebnisse und Projekte aus dem IAB
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Ausbildung, Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen
- Politik und Rechtsprechung für behinderte Menschen
- Rehabilitationseinrichtungen
- Berufsvorbereitung, Berufsberatung, Berufswahl
- Studium
- Berufsausbildung, Berufseinmündung
- Fortbildung und Umschulung
- betriebliche Rehabilitation
- Maßnahmen zur Erhaltung der Arbeitsfähigkeit
- Erfolgskontrolle, Kosten-Nutzen-Aspekte
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Arbeitsmarktsituation behinderter Menschen
- Arbeitsmarktpolitik, Inklusion, Persönliches Budget
- Beschäftigungsentwicklung
- Arbeitslosigkeit
- Beschäftigung in Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen
- Beschäftigung in alternativen Einrichtungen, Selbsthilfefirmen
- Berufliche Selbständigkeit
- Hochqualifizierte behinderte Menschen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt
- Beschäftigung im ersten Arbeitsmarkt
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Berufsleben und Arbeitswelt behinderter Menschen
- Personalpolitik, Arbeitgebereinstellungen, finanzielle Einstellungsanreize
- Eingliederungshilfe, BEM, Arbeitsassistenz, Unterstützte Beschäftigung, Arbeitsplatzsicherung
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