PASS-Literatur
Das Panel "Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung" (PASS) ist eine jährlich stattfindende Haushaltsbefragung. Mit dem PASS baut das IAB einen Datensatz für die Arbeitsmarkt-, Sozialstaats- und Armutsforschung in Deutschland auf. Durch seine Fallzahlen und die jährliche Periodizität ist PASS eine zentrale Quelle für die Untersuchung des Arbeitsmarkts, der Armut und der Situation von SGB-II-Leistungsempfängern in Deutschland.
In diesem Themendossier finden Sie die mit PASS-Daten erstellte Forschungsliteratur, Daten- und Methodendokumentationen des PASS sowie Veröffentlichungen der methodischen Begleitforschung.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Wie sichtbar ist der Sozialstaat? Die Bekanntheit zentraler bedarfsorientierter Leistungen (2026)
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Bruckmeier, Kerstin, Torsten Lietzmann, Philipp Ramos Lobato, Jürgen Wiemers & Felix Wilke (2026): Wie sichtbar ist der Sozialstaat? Die Bekanntheit zentraler bedarfsorientierter Leistungen. In: Wirtschaftsdienst, Jg. 106, H. 5, S. 355-361., 2026-02-12. DOI:10.2478/wd-2026-0088
Abstract
"Die Bekanntheit von Sozialleistungen ist zentral, damit sozialstaatliche Sicherung ihre Funktion erfüllen kann - was nicht bekannt ist, kann auch nicht beantragt werden. Doch wie gut wissen Bürger:innen in Deutschland über zentrale bedarfsorientierte Leistungen Bescheid? Eine Auswertung des IAB-Panels „Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung“ zeigt: Das Wissen über Sozialleistungen ist erwartungsgemäß unterschiedlich verteilt. Personen, die potenziell von einer Leistung profitieren können, kennen sie in der Regel auch häufiger. Während das Bürgergeld weithin bekannt ist, weisen die Grundsicherung im Alter, das Wohngeld und der Kinderzuschlag hingegen deutlich geringere Bekanntheitswerte auf." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Bruckmeier, Kerstin ; Lietzmann, Torsten ; Ramos Lobato, Philipp ; Wiemers, Jürgen ; -
Literaturhinweis
Finding a job through social networks: monetary and nonmonetary returns for employed and unemployed job seekers (2026)
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Drasch, Katrin & Gerhard Krug (2026): Finding a job through social networks: monetary and nonmonetary returns for employed and unemployed job seekers. In: European Societies, S. 1-28. DOI:10.1162/euso.a.106
Abstract
"This study examines the impact of job vacancy information obtained through personal contacts on monetary and nonmonetary job search outcomes. We hypothesise that the effects will be positive for both kinds of outcome, and that these effects may depend on employment status prior to finding a new job. Additionally, we hypothesise that information from professional personal contacts will lead to better job search outcomes than information from private personal contacts. We use panel data from the German Panel Study “Labour Market and Social Security” (PASS) and fixed effects regressions to test these hypotheses. Monetary outcomes are measured by wages and nonmonetary outcomes by job satisfaction. Overall, we find that the employed tend to benefit more than the unemployed. However, the specific pattern differs depending on whether vacancy information stems from personal or professional contacts and on the type of outcome (monetary or nonmonetary)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
BAföG und Elterngeld: kürzen ja - aber nicht für alle (2026)
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Hipp, Lena, Sandra Leumann, Stefan Munnes, Mark Trappmann & Jonas Aljoscha Weik (2026): BAföG und Elterngeld: kürzen ja - aber nicht für alle. In: IAB-Forum H. 17.09.2026, 2026-09-16. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20260917.01
Abstract
"Die Mehrheit der Bevölkerung steht Kürzungen beim BAföG und beim Elterngeld nicht grundsätzlich ablehnend gegenüber. Sie möchte diese aber auf bestimmte Empfängergruppen begrenzt sehen. In einer Befragung des IAB sprechen sich die meisten dafür aus, das Elterngeld für Personen mit hohem Einkommen oder Vermögen zu kürzen, beim BAföG vor allem für Studierende mit schlechten Leistungen. Vor allem jüngere und ältere Menschen unterscheiden sich deutlich darin, in welchem Ausmaß sie Kürzungen für bestimmte Empfängergruppen befürworten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Job Ladder and Wealth Dynamics in General Equilibrium (2026)
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Kaas, Leo, Etienne Lalé & Nawid Siassi (2026): Job Ladder and Wealth Dynamics in General Equilibrium. In: Econometrica, Jg. 94, H. 4, S. 1449–1485. DOI:10.3982/ecta22542
Abstract
"This paper develops a macroeconomic model that combines an incomplete-markets overlapping-generations economy with a job ladder featuring sequential wage bargaining, endogenous search effort of employed and non-employed workers, and differences in match quality. With these ingredients, our model provides a joint microfoundation for the three main inputs in aggregate production: capital, employment, and labor efficiency. The calibrated model offers a good fit to the empirical age profiles of search activity, job-finding rates, wages, and savings. We use the model to analyze the impact of tax and transfer policies for labor market dynamics and aggregate economic activity via capital, employment, and labor efficiency channels. Lower unemployment benefits and a less progressive tax schedule bring about welfare losses for a newborn worker which are mainly driven by higher consumption risk and costlier search effort; both policies have differential effects along the age, income, and wealth dimensions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gesundheitsbezogene und finanzielle Sorgen bei arbeitslosen Menschen mit Behinderung in Deutschland während der COVID-19-Pandemie (2026)
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Mayer, Dennis & Alfons Hollederer (2026): Gesundheitsbezogene und finanzielle Sorgen bei arbeitslosen Menschen mit Behinderung in Deutschland während der COVID-19-Pandemie. In: Sozialer Fortschritt, Jg. 75, H. 2, S. 253-276. DOI:10.3790/sfo.2026.1477806
Abstract
"Die Studie untersucht mit Daten des für Deutschland repräsentativen Panel Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung (PASS) die Arbeitslosigkeit unter Erwerbspersonen mit Behinderung im zweiten und dritten Jahr der COVID-19-Pandemie (2021 – 2022). Zugleich werden von Arbeitslosen mit Behinderung berichtete pandemiebedingte gesundheitsbezogene und finanzielle Sorgen exploriert. Die Analysen zeigen, dass behinderte Erwerbspersonen in beiden Pandemiejahren signifikant stärker von Arbeitslosigkeit betroffen waren als nichtbehinderte Erwerbspersonen. Arbeitslose mit Behinderung gaben doppelt so häufig große gesundheitliche Sorgen an als Arbeitslose ohne Behinderung. Logistische Regressionsanalysen identifizieren Behinderungen sowie gesundheitliche Sorgen als Risikofaktoren für eine Beschäftigungsaufnahme. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass der Gesundheitsstatus von Arbeitslosen mit Behinderung während der COVID-19-Pandemie eine zentrale Rolle für deren Arbeitsmarktintegration spielte." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Labelled unemployed: Neighbourhood composition and the enforcement of employment norms (2026)
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Ostermann, Kerstin & Sebastian Lang (2026): Labelled unemployed: Neighbourhood composition and the enforcement of employment norms. In: Work, Employment and Society, S. 1-25. DOI:10.1177/09500170261472822
Abstract
"This article illuminates the contexts in which neighbourhood unemployment serves as a mechanism to explain the unemployed’s perception of being negatively stereotyped, also known as stigma consciousness. The article relies on the labelling approach and social contagion models to derive hypotheses about the effect of informal societal control and the scope of the employment norm. After combining survey data with administrative 1×1km grid cell data from Germany, multilevel models reveal a U-shaped association: the neighbourhood’s unemployment negatively affects the individuals’ stigma consciousness up to an unemployment share of 10% and positively affects the individual’s stigma consciousness when the neighbourhood share exceeds 30%. Especially the unemployed in high-inequality neighbourhoods and low-unemployment counties show the highest associations between neighbourhood unemployment and stigma consciousness. Beyond highlighting the importance of local norms and how they shape individuals’ perceptions in general, the article sheds light on how employment norms operate on different spatial levels." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2026 Sage) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Daten zu Behinderung, Gesundheit und Teilhabe in Deutschland - ein Update (2026)
Prütz, Franziska; Hintzpeter, Birte; Krause, Laura; Saß, Anke-Christine;Zitatform
Prütz, Franziska, Birte Hintzpeter, Laura Krause & Anke-Christine Saß (2026): Daten zu Behinderung, Gesundheit und Teilhabe in Deutschland - ein Update. In: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, Jg. 69, H. 8, S. 843-854. DOI:10.1007/s00103-026-04266-y
Abstract
"Um politische Handlungsbedarfe zur Gesundheit und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen ableiten zu können, werden belastbare, bevölkerungsbezogene Daten benötigt – auch im Sinne der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention. Der Artikel enthält die Aktualisierung einer 2016 publizierten Übersicht zu entsprechenden Datenquellen in Deutschland. Recherchiert wurden bevölkerungsbezogene Studien und Surveys, Daten der amtlichen Statistik und Prozessdaten ab 2015. Die Datenquellen sollten für die Gesundheitsberichterstattung (GBE) geeignet sein – insbesondere mit Blick auf Bevölkerungsbezug, Regelmäßigkeit der Erhebung und Verfügbarkeit – und den Empfehlungen der Vorstudie für den Teilhabesurvey entsprechen. Zur Kategorisierung wurde das dort beschriebene Stufenkonzept genutzt. Identifiziert wurden 12 Studien und Surveys, 5 Datenquellen der amtlichen Statistik und 2 Prozessdatenquellen, die Daten zu Gesundheit und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten und in unterschiedlicher Breite bzw. Tiefe enthalten. Im Vergleich zur vorherigen Übersicht ist mit dem Teilhabesurvey eine zentrale Datenquelle hinzugekommen. Lücken bestehen insbesondere bei Datenquellen zu Kindern und Jugendlichen. In Deutschland existiert eine Vielzahl regelmäßig erhobener Datenquellen zu Behinderung, Gesundheit und Teilhabe, deren Potenzial für Auswertungen und Berichterstattung noch nicht ausgeschöpft ist. Weiterhin ist es notwendig, die Teilnahme an Studien barrierearm zu gestalten. Sinnvoll wäre die Nutzung von Standardinstrumenten bzw. die Integration eines kurzen Instruments zur Teilhabe in die Surveys. Ein Kernindikatorenset für die GBE könnte dazu beitragen, die evidenzbasierte Identifikation von Handlungsbedarfen zu unterstützen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Disability onset and labor market outcomes (2025)
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Collischon, Matthias, Karolin Hiesinger & Laura Pohlan (2025): Disability onset and labor market outcomes. In: Socio-economic review, Jg. 23, H. 4, S. 2033-2064., 2025-03-08. DOI:10.1093/ser/mwaf021
Abstract
"This article analyzes the individual-level effects of disability onset on labor market outcomes using novel administrative data from Germany. Combining propensity score matching techniques with an event-study design, we find lasting negative impacts on employment and wages. One important mechanism is transitions to nonemployment after disability onset: the number of nonemployment days of the newly disabled increases by 36 days per year after one year and by 55 days after five years compared to the control group. For those who stay in employment, working part-time and switching to less physically or psychosocially demanding jobs are important adjustment paths. The negative labor market effects of disability onset are more pronounced for severely disabled, older, and low-skilled individuals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Oxford University Press) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The gendered effects of COVID-19 on well-being: a household perspective (2025)
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Patzina, Alexander, Matthias Collischon & Jacqueline Kroh (2025): The gendered effects of COVID-19 on well-being: a household perspective. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 41, H. 6, S. 951-963., 2025-04-15. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcaf022
Abstract
"We investigate the causal effect of COVID-19 incidence rates on changes in subjective well-being, with a special focus on gender differences. Specifically, we employ a household-level perspective and hypothesize that household composition (i.e. single and multiperson households), childcare duties or caregiving obligations for older adults, and household wealth (i.e. housing quality and financial resources) moderate the effect of COVID-19 incidence rates on men and women differently. Employing longitudinal household data from the Panel Labour Market and Social Security (PASS) and a difference-in-differences (DiD) approach, we find an overall negative effect. This effect is stronger for individuals with caregiving responsibilities. In contrast to our theoretical expectations, our results indicate stronger negative effects of COVID-19 incidence on well-being among individuals from households with high living standards and high financial resources. Strikingly, our findings indicate that the relevant changes in negative subjective well-being are concentrated among women with childcare duties and informal caregiving responsibilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeitslosigkeit und Stellensuchverhalten bei Menschen mit Behinderung während der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland (2025)
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Paul, Karsten & Alfons Hollederer (2025): Arbeitslosigkeit und Stellensuchverhalten bei Menschen mit Behinderung während der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland. Kassel: Kassel University Press, 73 S. DOI:10.17170/kobra-2025081111367
Abstract
"Es ist wenig darüber bekannt, wie sich die COVID-19-Pandemie auf die Arbeitsmarkterfahrungen von Menschen mit Behinderung ausgewirkt hat. Vor dem Hintergrund der Tatsache, dass Personen mit Behinderung auf dem Arbeitsmarkt grundsätzlich eine benachteiligte Gruppe darstellen, gilt es zu untersuchen, ob sich ihre Situation in den herausfordernden Zeiten der COVID-19-Pandemie weiter verschlechtert hat und wie ihr Arbeitssuchverhalten durch die Pandemie beeinflusst wurde." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Money Matters! Evidence From a Survey Experiment on Attitudes Toward Maternal Employment Across Contexts in Germany (2024)
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Frodermann, Corinna, Lena Hipp & Mareike Bünning (2024): Money Matters! Evidence From a Survey Experiment on Attitudes Toward Maternal Employment Across Contexts in Germany. In: Gender & Society, Jg. 38, H. 3, S. 436-465., 2024-01-15. DOI:10.1177/08912432241252601
Abstract
"This paper examines the context dependency of attitudes toward maternal employment. We test three sets of factors that may affect these attitudes - economic benefits, normative obligations, and child-related consequences - by analyzing data from a unique survey experimental design implemented in a large-scale household panel survey in Germany (17,388 observations from 3,494 respondents). Our results show that the economic benefits associated with maternal employment are the most important predictor of attitudes supporting maternal employment. Moreover, we find that attitudes toward maternal employment vary by individual, household, and contextual characteristics (in particular, childcare quality). We interpret this variation as an indication that negative attitudes toward maternal employment do not necessarily reflect gender essentialism; rather, gender role attitudes are contingent upon the frames individuals have in mind." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Essays on the Economics of Sickness Absence, Working Conditions and Health in the Labor Market (2024)
Zitatform
Hiesinger, Karolin (2024): Essays on the Economics of Sickness Absence, Working Conditions and Health in the Labor Market. Regensburg, 200 S. DOI:10.5283/epub.55427
Abstract
"Für Deutschland wird eine der wichtigsten Herausforderungen der nächsten Jahre darin bestehen, den Fachkräftemangel in einer alternden Gesellschaft zu überwinden. Eine mögliche Maßnahme ist die Beschäftigungsförderung von gesundheitlich eingeschränkten Personen. Daher ist ein Verständnis der relevanten Institutionen zentral, um ein ausgewogenes Verhältnis zwischen Sozialschutz und Beschäftigungsförderung für gesundheitlich beeinträchtigte oder behinderte Menschen zu finden. Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, die Folgen gesundheitlicher Schocks und die Rolle der Arbeitsbedingungen in Form gesundheitsbezogener Institutionen für die Beschäftigung gesundheitlich beeinträchtigter Arbeitnehmer und Arbeitnehmerinnen auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt zu beleuchten. Dazu wird zunächst analysiert, wie sich der Kündigungsschutz auf die langfristigen krankheitsbedingten Fehlzeiten von Arbeitnehmern und die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer unfreiwilligen Arbeitslosigkeit nach Krankheit auswirkt (Kapitel 1). Danach wird in Kapitel 2 untersucht, ob die Schwerbehindertenquote in Deutschland und ihre Nichteinhaltung die Nachfrage der Unternehmen nach behinderten Beschäftigten beeinflusst. Schließlich werden in Kapitel 3 die individuellen Auswirkungen des Eintritts einer Behinderung auf Beschäftigung und Einkommen beleuchtet." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
On the effects of active labour market policies among individuals reporting to have severe mental health problems (2024)
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Tübbicke, Stefan & Maximilian Schiele (2024): On the effects of active labour market policies among individuals reporting to have severe mental health problems. In: Social Policy and Administration, Jg. 58, H. 3, S. 404-422., 2023-09-10. DOI:10.1111/spol.12968
Abstract
"On the one hand, unemployment is known to have detrimental effects on individuals' mental health. On the other hand, poor mental health reduces re-employment chances quite drastically, creating a vicious cycle. Active labour market policies (ALMPs) such as training programs or wage subsidies have been shown to ameliorate negative effects on mental health and improve labour market integration on average for the general unemployed population. In the context of individuals with severe mental health issues, however, it is unclear whether these interventions can be expected to deliver similar positive effects. In fact, one may argue that they have the potential to worsen employment prospects of individuals by adding additional stress to their pre-existing mental health problems. Hence, this paper estimates the long-term causal effects of ALMPs on the labour market integration of individuals with self-reported severe mental health issues and compares estimates to individuals without such issues using unique combined survey and administrative data. Effects are estimated using the innovative double machine learning method and show that ALMPs do not only improve labour market integration of unemployed individuals with severe mental health issues, but they do so more effectively than for other unemployed individuals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Matching Through Search Channels (2023)
Zitatform
Carrillo-Tudela, Carlos, Leo Kaas & Benjamin Lochner (2023): Matching Through Search Channels. (CESifo working paper 10761), München, 32 S.
Abstract
"Firms and workers predominately match via job postings, networks of personal contacts or the public employment agency, all of which help to ameliorate labor market frictions. In this paper we investigate the extent to which these search channels have differential effects on labor market outcomes. Using novel linked survey-administrative data we document that (i) low-wage firms and low-wage workers are more likely to match via networks or the public agency, while high-wage firms and high-wage workers succeed more often via job postings; (ii) job postings help firms the most in poaching and attracting high-wage workers and help workers the most in climbing the job ladder. To evaluate the implications of these findings for employment, wages and labor market sorting, we structurally estimate an equilibrium job ladder model featuring two-sided heterogeneity, multiple search channels and endogenous recruitment effort. The estimation reveals that networks are the most cost-effective channel, allowing firms to hire quickly, yet attracting workers of lower average ability. Job postings are the most costly channel, facilitate hiring workers of higher ability, and matter most for worker-firm sorting. Although the public employment agency provides the lowest hiring probability, its removal has sizeable consequences, with aggregate employment declining by at least 1.4 percent and rising bottom wage inequality." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Matching Through Search Channels (2023)
Zitatform
Carrillo-Tudela, Carlos, Leo Kaas & Benjamin Lochner (2023): Matching Through Search Channels. (CEPR discussion paper / Centre for Economic Policy Research 18575), London, 32 S.
Abstract
"Firms and workers predominately match via job postings, networks of personal contacts or the public employment agency, all of which help to ameliorate labor market frictions. In this paper we investigate the extent to which these search channels have differential effects on labor market outcomes. Using novel linked survey-administrative data we document that (i) low-wage firms and low-wage workers are more likely to match via networks or the public agency, while high-wage firms and high-wage workers succeed more often via job postings; (ii) job postings help firms the most in poaching and attracting high-wage workers and help workers the most in climbing the job ladder. To evaluate the implications of these findings for employment, wages and labor market sorting, we structurally estimate an equilibrium job ladder model featuring two-sided heterogeneity, multiple search channels and endogenous recruitment effort. The estimation reveals that networks are the most cost-effective channel, allowing firms to hire quickly, yet attracting workers of lower average ability. Job postings are the most costly channel, facilitate hiring workers of higher ability, and matter most for worker-firm sorting. Although the public employment agency provides the lowest hiring probability, its removal has sizeable consequences, with aggregate employment declining by at least 1.4 percent and rising bottom wage inequality." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gender Role Attitudes and Labour Market Behaviours: Do Attitudes Contribute to Gender Differences in Employment in Germany? (2023)
Zitatform
Lietzmann, Torsten & Corinna Frodermann (2023): Gender Role Attitudes and Labour Market Behaviours: Do Attitudes Contribute to Gender Differences in Employment in Germany? In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 37, H. 2, S. 373-393., 2021-03-07. DOI:10.1177/09500170211011318
Abstract
"This article contributes to the literature on persistent gender inequalities in the labour market by investigating gender role attitudes in Germany and their association with labour market behaviour. Based on the German Panel Study ‘Labour Market and Social Security’ (PASS), longitudinal analyses are applied to examine the influence of gender role attitudes and the household context on various employment states. The results reveal that gender role attitudes are crucial for labour market behaviour and that there are differences among women and men in different household contexts. Whereas single men and women do not differ significantly in their employment probabilities, women in couple households are less active in the labour market than their male counterparts. Furthermore, differences in employment are largest in couples with children. Among women, differences in full-time employment by household context become smaller when these women hold egalitarian attitudes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Machbarkeitstudie für eine Untersuchung der sozialen Lage von Selbstständigen (2022)
Zitatform
Bonin, Holger, Annabelle Krause-Pilatus & Ulf Rinne (2022): Machbarkeitstudie für eine Untersuchung der sozialen Lage von Selbstständigen. (IZA research report 608 134), Bonn, 74 S.
Abstract
"Das Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales plant ein Forschungsprojekt mit dem Ziel, die sozialen Lagen von Selbstständigen, die sich daraus ergebenden besonderen Schutzbedarfe sowie die zu ihrer Erfüllung zielführenden sozialpolitischen Maßnahmen statistisch fundiert zu beschreiben. Dafür müssen Daten, welche die Grundgesamtheit der selbstständig tätigen Personen in Deutschland repräsentativ abbilden, erhoben werden. Die Expertise zeigt im Sinne einer Machbarkeitsstudie, wie ein zielführendes und wirtschaftliches Design für dieses Vorhaben aussehen könnte. Sie arbeitet die Vorteile der Anlage einer spezifischen Datenbasis gegenüber der Nutzung vorhandener Datenquellen heraus und erörtert die Möglichkeiten der praktischen Umsetzung einer Querschnittsbefragung, insbesondere Feldzugang und Stichprobendesign, sowie Fragenprogramm und Erhebungsmodus." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Jobcenters’ strategies to promoting the inclusion of immigrant and native job seekers: a comparative analysis based on PASS survey data (2022)
Zitatform
Lehweß-Litzmann, René & Janina Söhn (2022): Jobcenters’ strategies to promoting the inclusion of immigrant and native job seekers: a comparative analysis based on PASS survey data. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 56. DOI:10.1186/s12651-022-00313-8
Abstract
"This paper comparatively analyzes strategies of German Jobcenters to bring native and immigrant job seekers into employment. It focuses on clients who receive means-tested basic income for the unemployed, based on data from the Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security (PASS) from year 2015 to 2020. By way of logistic regression, the study identifes the impact of being an immigrant on the clients’ probability of reporting diferent kinds of ofers like job referrals or courses, controlling for a number of other infuential factors. The study also looks deeper into the efects of immigrant-specifc attributes, such as heterogeneous German language skills. We found that the likelihood of ofers by Jobcenters largely depends on the amount of time since immigration. Recent immigrants have the lowest chance of reporting most of the studied measures of active labor market policies. For immigrants having stayed more than 4 years in Germany, however, we do not fnd a disadvantage, and some measures out of Jobcenters’ toolbox are even more often ofered to the longer-settled immigrants than to native clients. A possible explanation for the moderately under-average support of recent immigrants in terms of Jobcenters’ measures could be an institutional focus on improving German language skills prior to approaching the labor market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Prejudices against the unemployed - empirical evidence from Germany (2020)
Zitatform
Gross, Christiane, Thomas Gurr, Monika Jungbauer-Gans & Sebastian Lang (2020): Prejudices against the unemployed - empirical evidence from Germany. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 54, S. 1-13. DOI:10.1186/s12651-020-00268-8
Abstract
"Prejudices against the unemployed pose an enormous threat to their self-confidence and can make it difficult for them to re-enter the labour market, resulting in further longterm unemployment. Given these high costs for the unemployed and for society as a whole, our knowledge of prejudices against the unemployed is surprisingly scarce. We focus on the question of what determines the strength of prejudice among employees. By applying social identity theory, we assume that people who are disadvantaged in the labour market in general, also hold stronger prejudices. In addition, we assume that social status mediates this association and that self-efficacy moderates it. We use data from the German panel study “Labour Market and Social Security” (PASS) and show that some groups of people who are themselves disadvantaged in the labour market (women and first-generation immigrants) have more prejudices against the unemployed; however, people with poor mental health have even fewer prejudices. Low social status (in terms of educational background, income, and job status) is associated with strong prejudices; however, social status does work as mediator to a minor degree only. People with low self-efficacy in general (main “effect”) and first-generation immigrants in particular (moderating “effect”) have stronger prejudices. These results can be a starting point for developing measures to reduce prejudice and for the onset of a debate about the origins of prejudices against the unemployed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income Support, Employment Transitions and Well-Being (2020)
Zitatform
Hetschko, Clemens, Ronnie Schöb & Tobias Wolf (2020): Income Support, Employment Transitions and Well-Being. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 66, 2020-07-14. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101887
Abstract
"Using specific panel data of German welfare benefit recipients, we investigate the non-pecuniary life satisfaction effects of in-work benefits. Our empirical strategy combines difference-in-difference designs with synthetic control groups to analyse transitions of workers between unemployment, regular employment and employment accompanied by welfare receipt. Working makes people generally better off than being unemployed but employed welfare recipients do not reach the life satisfaction level of regular employees. This implies that welfare receipt entails non-compliance with the norm to make one's own living. Our findings allow us to draw cautious conclusions on employment subsidies paid as welfare benefits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2020 Elsevier) ((en))