Migration und Integration
Bei dem Thema Einwanderung nach Deutschland gilt es auch die Bedingungen einer gelingenden Integration von Zugewanderten in Gesellschaft, Bildung und Arbeit zu untersuchen. Die Arbeitsmarktforschung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie die Integration in das Bildungs- und Ausbildungssystem, der Zugang zum Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Bedingungen der sozialen Teilhabe und kulturellen Integration verbessert werden können.
Aktuelle Studien zeigen zudem, dass Deutschland angesichts seiner demographischen Herausforderungen dringend auf Zuwanderung angewiesen ist. Inwiefern kann Zuwanderung der Schrumpfung und Alterung des Erwerbspersonenpotenzials entgegenwirken? Welche Entwicklungen in der nationalen und europäischen Einwanderungspolitik begünstigen die Einwanderung von Erwerbspersonen und Fachkräften? Die hier zusammengestellte Literatur bietet einen aktuellen und umfassenden Überblick über den Themenkomplex Migration und Integration.
Literatur zum Thema Flucht und Asyl finden Sie in unserer IAB-Infoplattform Fluchtmigrantinnen und -migranten - Bildung und Arbeitsmarkt.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Japanese Labour Migrants in Germany: The Role of Migration Industries (2026)
Zitatform
Achenbach, Ruth & Vanessa Ludwigs Tkotzyk (2026): Japanese Labour Migrants in Germany: The Role of Migration Industries. In: International Migration, Jg. 64, H. 3. DOI:10.1111/imig.70156
Abstract
"This paper examines how and when Japanese labour migrants use the offers of various migration industry actors in their migration to Germany. The ways in which Japanese university-educated migrants utilise services vary considerably depending on their entry channel, point in the migratory trajectory, migrant capital, and migratory goals. This paper places the individual and their interaction with migration infrastructure and industries at the centre of the analysis. It therefore addresses a gap in the literature by focusing on an empirically under-researched case, while simultaneously expanding the perspective to move beyond the role of migration industries in the early stages of migration to their role throughout the migratory trajectory. Based on qualitative data collected from migrants, migration industry actors, and experts on Japanese migrants in Germany, this explorative study sheds light on the interplay between agency and structure, as well as on the role of migration infrastructure and industry throughout the trajectories of different types of migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Social Origin and Gendered Labor Market Integration among Second-Generation Immigrants in Norway (2026)
Zitatform
Adu-Mensa, Francis, Espen Dahl & Åsmund Hermansen (2026): Social Origin and Gendered Labor Market Integration among Second-Generation Immigrants in Norway. In: Journal of International Migration and Integration, S. 1-23. DOI:10.1007/s12134-026-01370-5
Abstract
"Second-generation immigrants are expected to achieve labor-market outcomes comparable to those of children of native-born parents, yet research consistently shows persistent disadvantages, including overqualification, weaker attachment to work, and employment gaps. While these patterns are well documented, less is known about the extent to which family background shapes long-term labor-market trajectories across early adulthood. Here, using population-wide registry data from Norway, we follow a full birth cohort from age 21 to 35 and construct a trajectory-based Labor Market Integration (LMI) index that summarizes longitudinal employment, education, and welfare trajectories across early adulthood. We show that second-generation immigrants experience substantial integration gaps relative to children of native-born parents, but that these are largely accounted for by parental education, household income, and parental disability. Although outcomes for women converge with those of their Norwegian peers once family background is considered, a significant gap persists for men. Our results demonstrate that social origin remains a powerful determinant of integration outcomes in a universalistic welfare state. These findings highlight the importance of policies that address socioeconomic inequalities in the family context, through early educational support, income stability, and health interventions in the labor market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Is Germany Missing Out or Catching Up? Gender Inequality and the German Skilled Immigration Act (2026)
Zitatform
Alloatti, Magali & Tanja Fendel (2026): Is Germany Missing Out or Catching Up? Gender Inequality and the German Skilled Immigration Act. In: Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies, S. 1-17. DOI:10.1080/15562948.2025.2606198
Abstract
"Germany’s Skilled Worker Immigration Act addresses labor shortages by targeting non-EU migrants. The literature emphasizes that such policies often overlook gender-specific challenges, reinforcing inequalities. Using the German Socio-Economic Panel (2013–2022), we reveal significant disadvantages for non-EU migrant women. We find that deskilling and the sexual division of paid and unpaid working time explain gender disparities in professional careers. Women migrating for work show lower disadvantages than other migrant women; however, they are predominantly young and without children. We advocate for gender-sensitive reforms to accompany migration laws, ensuring equitable labor market access for migrant women in Germany and especially those with children." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Taylor & Francis) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The recent refugees’ inflow and the life satisfaction of residents in Germany (2026)
Zitatform
Ambrosetti, Elena & Hans Dietrich (2026): The recent refugees’ inflow and the life satisfaction of residents in Germany. In: Genus : Journal of Population Sciences, Jg. 82, H. 1, 2026-01-06. DOI:10.1186/s41118-026-00281-8
Abstract
"While refugee inflows into Germany have typically been relatively moderate in recent decades, specific exogenous political events such as the Yugoslav civil war in the early 1990s, the intensifying of the Syrian civil war around 2015, and the war in Ukraine since 2022, have generated substantial spikes in refugee arrivals, affecting the receiving society in multiple ways. This study examines the possible association between the large inflows of refugees into German society during the Syrian civil war period and the development of residents’ life satisfaction in Germany. While several studies have addressed the integration of this exceptionally large number of refugees into the German labor market and society, less attention has been paid to the potential impact of recent refugee arrivals on the subjective well-being (SWB) of the resident population, including native Germans and first- and second-generation immigrants. Whereas the literature reports neutral or positive associations between labor migration and residents’ or natives’ life satisfaction, less is known about the association between refugee inflows and residents’ life satisfaction. Using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) enriched with official regional information and data from immigration statistics regarding refugee inflows into Germany, we analyze the association between refugee inflows and residents’ life satisfaction while controlling for established variables associated with life satisfaction. In contrast to political debates, our results demonstrate a significant positive association between residents’ life satisfaction and periods of increased refugee inflows since 2012. Even during the peak years of refugee inflows in 2015 and 2016, we observe increases in residents’ life satisfaction both overall and across specificsubgroups. However, as the observed increases are neither linear nor continuous, and vary across time within residential subgroups, we favor an explorative framework and do not claim to identify causal effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The migrant-native ‘equilibrium’ in Western European labour markets: a long-term analysis (2026)
Zitatform
Avola, Maurizio, Giorgio Piccitto & Federico Vegetti (2026): The migrant-native ‘equilibrium’ in Western European labour markets: a long-term analysis. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Jg. 52, H. 15, S. 4034-4054. DOI:10.1080/1369183x.2026.2620584
Abstract
"Research on the migrant penalty in European labour markets reveals a significant gap between migrants and natives across various outcomes, which appears to be linked to specific features of the labour market structure. As the proportion of low-status jobs increases at the regional level, a trade-off ‘equilibrium’ emerges between migrants’ likelihood of being employed and the quality of the jobs they hold, compared to natives. This study aims to explore whether the Great Recession has altered this migrant-native equilibrium. To address this, we analyze EU-LFS data from 13 countries and 140 European regions, examining three distinct periods: pre-crisis, during the crisis, and post-crisis. Our findings indicate that during the economic downturn, this equilibrium shifted, weakening the trade-off between employment probability and job quality. Furthermore, the shift continued in the post-crisis phase, suggesting that the Great Recession may have triggered a structural transformation of the migrant-native equilibrium in European labour markets, rather than just a temporary adjustment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Der Orientierungskurs zwischen Wissens- und Wertevermittlung (2026)
Becker, Eugenie; Kay, Ramona;Zitatform
Becker, Eugenie & Ramona Kay (2026): Der Orientierungskurs zwischen Wissens- und Wertevermittlung. (Forschungsbericht / Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge 53), Nürnberg, 158 S. DOI:10.48570/bamf.fz.fb.53.d.2026.evik.zb4.1.0
Abstract
"Der Forschungsbericht ist Teil der vierten Zwischenberichterstattung des Projekts "Evaluation der Integrationskurse" (EvIk). Die Studie befasst sich mit dem Orientierungskurs, der nach dem Sprachkurs stattfindet und mit dem Test "Leben in Deutschland" (LiD) abgeschlossen wird." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
“Maybe I Say Something, I Understand a Bit”: On the (In)Accessibility of Translation (2026)
Zitatform
Bella, Natalie (2026): “Maybe I Say Something, I Understand a Bit”: On the (In)Accessibility of Translation. In: Social Inclusion, Jg. 14, S. 1-19., 2025-11-10. DOI:10.17645/si.10962
Abstract
"Working with interpreters is common in qualitative social research. It can even be necessary when researchers address the perspective of people with whom they do not share a lingua franca. Interpreters are then brought into the research endeavor to enable a communication setting that would otherwise be impossible. Following the theme of enabling communication, the dominant perspective on interpreted interviews suggests that there is only one person involved in the interaction - the Interpreter - who can understand and speak both languages. This perspective falls short as it relies on a monolithic understanding of refugees as perpetually removed from (the linguistic requirements of) their new surroundings. However, when people have visited language courses or have otherwise been exposed to the language of their new contexts, they are gaining ground as agents of translation. Thus, the interactional dynamic of the interpreted interview changes drastically as the interviewee can participate more in how they and their stories are interpreted. Faced with the varying language proficiencies of the interviewees, the interpreter adapts their strategies of interpreting. Drawing from narrative interviews with refugees from Syria, collected at the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), this article explores the question of how the interviewees’ language proficiency influences the interpreted interview, as it is rooted in situated performativity. Focusing on the interactions between all three participants, three empirical constellations highlight the relevance of acknowledging the performative density of translating and interpreting collaboratively." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Cogitatio Press) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
OECD-Migrationsausblick 2025: Sag mir, wo du arbeitest, und ich sage dir, wie integriert du bist (2026)
Zitatform
Bellmann, Lutz & Yuliya Kosyakova (2026): OECD-Migrationsausblick 2025: Sag mir, wo du arbeitest, und ich sage dir, wie integriert du bist. In: IAB-Forum H. 02.02.2026. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20260202.02
Abstract
"Eingewanderte sind zu Beginn ihrer beruflichen Laufbahn im Zielland überdurchschnittlich häufig in Betrieben und Branchen mit niedrigen Durchschnittslöhnen beschäftigt. Allerdings bestehen von Land zu Land erhebliche Unterschiede. Inwieweit werden diese Einkommensnachteile im Zeitablauf ausgeglichen? Und welche Rolle spielen die Betriebe selbst für die Einkommensentwicklung von Eingewanderten? Um diese Fragen ging es beim „OECD-Migrationsausblick 2025“." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The wage structure of Polish workers in Germany (2026)
Zitatform
Brunow, Stephan, Katarzyna Miszczak, Holger Seibert & Aleksandra Wrona (2026): The wage structure of Polish workers in Germany. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 165, H. 1, 2025-10-03. DOI:10.16995/ilr.23812
Abstract
"Germany has historically received a substantial inflow of immigrants from Poland. Polish workers are the second-largest foreign employment group in Germany and contribute substantially to the German economy. In this article, we draw on a large administrative dataset to analyse the wage structure of Polish employees and consider a wide range of factors, including individual and firm characteristics, labour market performance measures and potential network effects. We also account for spatial selectivity, distinguishing between urban, semi-urban and peripheral regions. We conclude that, when compared with Poland, Germany remains attractive to Polish workers – particularly to those who are lower-skilled. Polish employees earn less than their German counterparts, suggesting that wage increases may be a potential means of retaining Polish workers in Germany. Network-related characteristics indicate competition effects among Polish workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unequal Penalties: The Relative Weight of Gender and Ethnic Disadvantage in Migrant Women's Labor Market Integration Across Western Europe (2026)
Zitatform
Cantalini, Stefano & Debora Pricila Birgier (2026): Unequal Penalties: The Relative Weight of Gender and Ethnic Disadvantage in Migrant Women's Labor Market Integration Across Western Europe. In: International migration review, S. 1-15. DOI:10.1177/01979183261461203
Abstract
"Recent research has highlighted the distinct position of migrant women in host labor markets, showing they face a “double disadvantage” due to the intersection of gender and migrant status. However, evidence remains limited on the relative weight of these two sources of disadvantage and how they vary across origins and destinations. This research note examines the labor market outcomes of migrant women in Western Europe, asking whether they face disadvantages compared to migrant men (gender penalty) and native women (ethnic penalty), and whether these two penalties are comparable in magnitude. It also explores how this double disadvantage varies by women's macro-area of origin and destination country. Using Heckman selection models on European Labor Force Survey data (2015–2019), our study confirms that in most countries migrant women experience significant penalties relative to both native women and migrant men, in employment and occupational status. Findings indicate that the ethnic penalty is generally more pronounced than the gender penalty in occupational status, while the employment gender penalty exceeds the ethnic penalty only in Mediterranean countries. Important differences also emerge by origin: African women are the most penalized, Eastern European women the least, and the only group experiencing a larger gender than ethnic employment penalty. These results highlight the importance of considering multiple outcomes and comparison groups when studying the labor market integration of migrant women. Understanding the labor market position of reference groups is crucial, as the relative status of native women and migrant men varies significantly by destination and origin." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Einführung eines digitalen, europäischen Erwerbstätigenausweises (2026)
Dillbahner, Alice; Boockmann, Bernhard;Zitatform
Dillbahner, Alice & Bernhard Boockmann (2026): Einführung eines digitalen, europäischen Erwerbstätigenausweises. (Forschungsbericht / Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales 678), Berlin, 69 S.
Abstract
"Die Expertise untersucht, wie die Kontrolle von grenzüberschreitend tätigen Arbeitnehmer*innen in der EU – mit Fokus auf Deutschland, Frankreich und Polen – durch eine bessere Nutzung und einen stärkeren Austausch von Daten verbessert werden kann und welche Rolle ein digitaler europäischer Erwerbstätigenausweis dabei spielen könnte. Grundlage sind die Analyse der einschlägigen europäischen und nationalen Rechtsgrundlagen, Dateninfrastrukturen und der vorhandenen europäischen Projekte sowie qualitative Interviews mit Expert*innen von Kontrollbehörden, Sozialversicherungen, Arbeitgeberverbänden und Gewerkschaften." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Pathways to occupational inclusion in host societies (2026)
Zitatform
Drange, Ida, Astrid Gillespie, Line Nortvedt, Ali Osman & Marianne Teräs (2026): Pathways to occupational inclusion in host societies. In: Comparative Migration Studies, Jg. 14, H. 1. DOI:10.1186/s40878-026-00568-x
Abstract
"Immigrants’ access to relevant jobs is crucial for social integration and better life chances. For migrants in regulated professions, occupational reintegration depends on accreditation of previous learning by national, sectorial authorities. These migrants face complex systems that both enable and hinder occupational reintegration. In this article, we examine skilled migrants’ pathways to their vocations in Norway and Sweden, with a special emphasis on the role of bridging programmes to this end. Our analysis is based on interviews with migrants who have enrolled in or completed occupational requalification programmes. We explore how institutional opportunity structures shape their access to their professions and use four case portraits to illustrate how programme pre-requisites, timing, location and life-circumstances affect participation, and how such programmes are adapted to the candidates’ life situations. The portraits also show how the two countries offer varying support for reacredditation: Norway’s system appears more formalized and less integrated across immigration statuses compared with the Swedish system. Migrants in both countries call for a more systematic and coordinated intersectoral approach from public authorities to facilitate access to licensed occupations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A multi-level puzzle: contextual determinants of the discrimination paradox in Europe (2026)
Zitatform
Enk, Ben van & Özge Bilgili (2026): A multi-level puzzle: contextual determinants of the discrimination paradox in Europe. In: Comparative Migration Studies, Jg. 14, H. 1. DOI:10.1186/s40878-025-00516-1
Abstract
"An increasing body of research has found evidence for a discrimination paradox, the finding that higher educated migrants perceive more discrimination. Knowledge is limited, however, with regards to its omnipresence across the multicultural societies of Europe. Therefore, the present research assesses the generalizability of the discrimination paradox and investigates its context dependency for both personal and societal perceived discrimination. To this end, we present a series of macro-level factors that may aggravate the discrimination paradox. Employing the EU-MIDIS II data, we investigate the discrimination paradox for first- and second-generation migrants across nineteen EU-countries. Multilevel analyses conducted using these large-scale survey data show that the discrimination paradox is to a large extent a Western European and Scandinavian phenomenon. In Southern Europe, Poland and Slovenia, there is little evidence for such a paradox. This research moreover finds that compared to lower educated migrants, higher educated migrants perceive more discrimination on an individual level in countries with certain characteristics. Namely, in countries with lower levels of migrant overqualification, and in countries with a lower social distance towards immigrants, higher educated migrants tend to perceive more personal discrimination. These novel findings bring to light so-far uncovered conditions under which a discrimination paradox is more likely to be observed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Potenziale für den Arbeitsmarkt: Qualifikationsstruktur von Neuzugewanderten in Deutschland (2026)
Zitatform
Ette, Andreas, Elisabeth Kraus, Lenore Sauer, Harun Sulak & Nils Witte (2026): Potenziale für den Arbeitsmarkt: Qualifikationsstruktur von Neuzugewanderten in Deutschland. In: BIB.aktuell H. 5, S. 4-8.
Abstract
"Vor dem Hintergrund der demografischen Entwicklung hat Deutschland bereits seit Anfang der 2000er Jahre begonnen, seine Arbeitsmigrationspolitik für qualifizierte Zuwandernde attraktiver zu gestalten. In den vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnten sind laut amtlicher Wanderungsstatistik im jährlichen Durchschnitt gut 1,3 Millionen Menschen nach Deutschland zugewandert und damit 386.000 Menschen mehr zu- als fortgezogen. Angaben über den gesamten Umfang der internationalen Migration sind allerdings nicht ausreichend, um Aussagen über mögliche Potenziale von Neuzugewanderten für den deutschen Arbeits markt zu treffen: Inwieweit Zuwanderung zur Reduktion demografisch bedingter Lücken und Engpässen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt beitragen kann, hängt wesentlich von den schulischen und beruflichen Qualifika tionen der Neuzugewanderten ab. Zusätzlich gelingt es höher qualifizierten Zuwandernden in der Regel deutlich besser, sich langfristig und qualifikationsadäquat in den Arbeitsmarkt eines Ziellandes zu inte grieren. Zur Beschreibung der Qualifikation von Neuzugewanderten wurde in der Vergangenheit meist der Mikrozensus herangezogen (z. B. Ette et al. 2013; Seibert und Wapler 2020; Berbée und Stuhler 2025). Ein regelmäßiges und zeitnahes Monitoring der Qualifikationsstruktur von Neuzugewanderten existiert in Deutschland bisher allerdings nicht, obwohl mit dem hier ausgewerteten Mikrozensus eine belastbare Stichprobe dazu vorliegt. Neuzugewanderte werden hier definiert als Personen, die im Vorjahr der Befragung nach Deutschland zugezogen sind. Die folgenden Analysen beschreiben die Entwicklung der Qualifikationsstruktur verschiedener Herkunftsgruppen von Neuzugewanderten in Deutschland in den vergangenen 20 Jahren, um ihr Potenzial zur Reduktion von Engpässen auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt besser beurteilen zu können." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
'I needed this journey': home visits in wartime as transformative events (2026)
Zitatform
Falkenhain, Mariella (2026): 'I needed this journey': home visits in wartime as transformative events. In: Journal of Refugee Studies, Jg. 39, H. 2, S. 325-339., 2025-12-23. DOI:10.1093/jrs/feaf088
Abstract
"This article examines how Ukrainian refugees experience wartime home visits. Relying on in-depth, repeated interviews with Ukrainian refugees in Germany, the article explores a state of in-betweenness that characterizes these individuals’ lives shortly after arrival, particularly by disrupting their sense of belonging and capacity to imagine the future. During short-term home visits to Ukraine, the visitors acquire a feel for life in war that is associated with complex feelings of alienation, disillusionment, and futurelessness. This experience helps individuals overcome subjective states of the in-between and move forward in life, irrespective of the persistent structural limbo related to temporary protection. Considering migrant home visits as transformative events advances recent debates about liminality and protracted displacement. It also has important implications for longer-term processes of social inclusion." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Oxford University Press) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job Quality as a Crucial Measure of Migrants’ Economic Integration (2026)
Zitatform
Fendel, Tanja & Yuliya Kosyakova (2026): Job Quality as a Crucial Measure of Migrants’ Economic Integration. In: Piasna, A. & Leschke, J. (Hrsg.) (2026): Job Quality in a Turbulent Era, Cheltenham, S. 163-181, 2025-02-11. DOI:10.4337/9781035343485.00015
Abstract
"Migrants have left their home region since the earliest times for various reasons including economic opportunities, family reunification and education, as well as to escape war, persecution or human rights violations. In recent years, environmental factors have also become significant drivers. According to the United Nations, the global migrant population has reached unprecedented levels, with approximately 281 million people living in a country other than their country of birth in 2020, an increase of nine million from 2019 (McAuliffe and Oucho 2024). Research has extensively discussed the challenges migrants face in integrating into the labour markets of their destination countries. Traditional studies have focused on earnings as a central indicator of integration, demonstrating that integration tends to improve over time as migrants acquire language skills, country-specific education and firm-specific knowledge (e.g., Chiswick and Miller 2003, 2012). Fewer studies have examined job quality using indicators beyond earnings, such as occupational attainment, skill-qualifications matches and job security. An important aim of research in this field is the development of policy recommendations for better social and labour market integration, particularly of disadvantaged migrant groups. Here, the identification of institutional, family or other integration barriers is important, while a focus only on labour market entry and the development of earnings to native levels is insufficient to detect the reasons for such barriers. A consideration of multiple, and broad, indicators of job quality is crucial when analysing the integration process of migrants, as well as when comparing the labour market integration of different migrant groups with their respective native peers. Hence, the aim of this chapter is to examine migrant job quality as a multidimensional and dynamic process, highlighting the differences between p. 164 diverse migrant groups and within them, based on gender and the time since their migration to Germany, considering data between 2016 and 2022. New insights are provided to the effect that, despite earnings increasing with duration of stay, other job features, such as job security, do not improve to the same extent. A gender perspective is crucial, considering that migrant women often face higher challenges than men in acquiring country-specific education, language skills or other knowledge necessary for labour market integration, alongside women's greater willingness to work below the level to which they are qualified due to what are, on average, their higher care responsibilities. Furthermore, the inflow of refugees is a major transformational force in this turbulent era (see Piasna and Leschke, this volume). In recent years, Germany has mostly experienced intra-EU migration, especially from central and eastern EU Member States following the 2004 and 2007 enlargements. For many years, there were hardly any general migration pathways to Germany from non-EU countries for work reasons. However, as a result of demographic challenges, Germany has sought to enhance skilled migration from outside the EU, while it has accepted more refugees in recent years than any other EU country (Brücker et al. 2020). Consequently, it provides a critical case study for analysing the job quality of refugees compared to other migrant groups during their initial years." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku, © Edward Elgar Publishing) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Reduce Skill Mismatch Among Migrants in Germany’s Health Sector? (2026)
Zitatform
Fendel, Tanja (2026): Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Reduce Skill Mismatch Among Migrants in Germany’s Health Sector? In: Population Research and Policy Review, Jg. 45, 2026-07-10. DOI:10.1007/s11113-026-10030-6
Abstract
"Most industrial countries face considerable demographic challenges, especially in the health and care sectors. The working conditions within a country are key to attracting workers from other countries. One of the greatest barriers for migrant workers is problems transferring foreign qualifications, often causing overeducation, which has negative effects on job satisfaction, and mental and physical health. In Germany, where almost 80% of health workers are female, overeducation is similarly low among migrant and native men, but approximately twice as high among migrant women as among native women. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic strongly increased the demand for health workers. This study examined the effects of this increased labor demand on the overeducation of migrant and native health employees. The analysis was based on data from the 2013–2021 German Socio-Economic Panel, including 2,961 native-born and 1,081 foreign-born health employees. Descriptive and fixed-effects estimation results revealed that a significant pandemic-related reduction in overeducation observed in the health sector predominantly occurred among female health employees who migrated as refugees and family migrants from non-European Union countries. To reduce overeducation also in the absence of unusual situations such as the pandemic, support in transferring foreign qualifications is highly relevant, and this effort should specifically focus on women. Furthermore, expanding public childcare and removing obstacles to its use by migrant women are important for urgently needed existing qualifications, knowledge, and skills not to remain unused." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer Nature) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Iranerinnen und Iraner sind gut am deutschen Arbeitsmarkt integriert (2026)
Geis-Thöne, Wido;Zitatform
Geis-Thöne, Wido (2026): Iranerinnen und Iraner sind gut am deutschen Arbeitsmarkt integriert. (IW-Kurzberichte / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2026,19), Köln, 3 S.
Abstract
"Fast 60 Prozent der in Deutschland lebenden Iraner im erwerbsfähigen Alter sind sozialversicherungspflichtig beschäftigt, wohingegen dies nur auf etwas mehr als die Hälfte der ausländischen Bevölkerung insgesamt zutrifft. Zudem üben die iranischen Staatsangehörigen weit häufiger qualifizierte Fachkrafttätigkeiten aus." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Fixed-term employment and subjective well-being: A comparison of natives, migrants and refugees (2026)
Zitatform
Goßner, Laura & Maye Ehab (2026): Fixed-term employment and subjective well-being: A comparison of natives, migrants and refugees. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 40, H. 3, S. 396-420., 2025-10-17. DOI:10.1177/09500170251393618
Abstract
"This article examines the impact of fixed-term employment on subjective well-being among natives, migrants and refugees in Germany and the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. Utilizing longitudinal data from 2016 to 2021, we employ fixed-effects panel models and mediation analyses. We find that refugees experience stronger negative effects of fixed-term employment on their well-being than natives and migrants, especially shortly after their arrival. For migrants and natives, subjective job insecurity significantly mediates these effects, while it is less relevant for refugees. Our results indicate that it is essential to acknowledge the heterogeneous effects for vulnerable groups when studying the impact of fixed-term employment. During their integration process, refugees encounter complex labour market challenges which can pose threats to their subjective well-being. Therefore, we suggest engaging more in debates about non-standard forms of employment and taking aspects of the quality of employment into account when designing integration measures for this group." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Sage) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Transnational Perspectives on Migration and Integration – TRANSMIT Surveys of Syrian Nationals and Their Neighbors in Lebanon and Turkey (2019–2023) (2026)
Gundacker, Lidwina ; Rischke, Ramona ; Ruhnke, Simon ; Hertner, Laura ; Talebi, Nader ; Kühnert, Nora ; Brücker, Herbert ; Trocka, Caroline ;Zitatform
Gundacker, Lidwina, Laura Hertner, Nora Kühnert, Ramona Rischke, Simon Ruhnke, Nader Talebi, Caroline Trocka & Herbert Brücker (2026): Transnational Perspectives on Migration and Integration – TRANSMIT Surveys of Syrian Nationals and Their Neighbors in Lebanon and Turkey (2019–2023). In: Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, Jg. 246, H. 1-2, S. 181-192., 2024-12-18. DOI:10.1515/jbnst-2024-0091
Abstract
"Migration scholars commonly study international migration and socio-economic integration separately, typically focusing on a single receiving country in the Global North. The TRANSMIT project adopts a transnational perspective, studying key migration routes to Europe via large-scale surveys among Syrians and their host communities in two major countries of mixed-migration contexts, namely Lebanon and Turkey. Both countries, in addition to their own history of emigration, host large refugee populations. The surveys cover both migration biographies and aspects of the socioeconomic participation of Syrian nationals. Surveying the host populations in equal terms allows researchers to examine local contexts and group differences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter Brill) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Data Manual -
Literaturhinweis
From displacement to settlement: Selection and stratification patterns in the migration and integration trajectories of refugees (2026)
Zitatform
Gundacker, Lidwina (2026): From displacement to settlement: Selection and stratification patterns in the migration and integration trajectories of refugees. Bamberg, 114 S. DOI:10.20378/irb-116267
Abstract
"Forced migration unfolds as a dynamic, multi-phased process encompassing several stages of decision-making, uncertain and perilous journeys, arrival, and integration. The outcomes at each stage are contingent on individual features and external conditions. This thesis advances the sociology of migration through three interconnected studies that examine how individual resource endowment, legal and geographical conditions, xenophobia, social norms, and integration policies shape the trajectories of forced migrants. My findings demonstrate that border regimes and geographic barriers are more permeable to more educated, male, and sole refugee migrants. I furthermore reveal that the duration and risks associated with refugee journeys have complex but measurable effects on post-arrival integration trajectories. Importantly, long and hazardous journeys can undermine the ability of refugees to draw on their pre-migration human capital. Also, integration outcomes vary by pre-migration resources and gender: while the higher educated refugees are in general more likely to enter education after arrival, subsequent labour market entry is much more common among men than among women. Moreover, this thesis provides evidence that the probability to be legally recognized as refugee varies in response to local political climates. In regions with governments or residents that are more hostile towards immigrants, asylum chances are lower. In addition, male and Muslim asylum-seekers per se have lower recognition chances than others. In the sociological understanding of structural inequalities, I therefore argue that the uneven distribution of resources and unequal access to opportunities stratify migration and integration outcomes of forced migrants along the lines of gender, family context, educational background, social class, and immigrant status. Having shown that disadvantages accumulate throughout all stages of the refugee trajectory, I furthermore conclude that integration patterns are inseparable from migration processes. I argue that, instead, considering migrants' pre-arrival periods in migration and integration research represents an excellent starting point for (1) scholars seeking to advance migration theory-making towards encompassing forced migration and (2) overcoming blind spots in the research on refugees integration outcomes after arrival." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migrants, Refugees and Employer Discrimination (2026)
Zitatform
Guo, Liwen & Massimiliano Tani (2026): Migrants, Refugees and Employer Discrimination. In: BJIR, Jg. 64, H. 1, S. 101-113. DOI:10.1111/bjir.70016
Abstract
"We investigate the labour market integration of humanitarian and non-humanitarian migrants in Australia using longitudinal data from the Building a New Life in Australia (BNLA) and the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) surveys. In particular, we analyse the employment probabilities and income levels of immigrants and humanitarian immigrants who arrived at a similar time through the Kitagawa–Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition. Disparities in employment outcomes can be traced back to differences in human capital, particularly education and English proficiency. However, the analysis reveals that the main factor underpinning differences in labour market outcomes is the discrimination experienced by humanitarian migrants, which persists over the 5-year window covered by the data. The results support the conclusion that the forces of labour demand and supply are unlikely to remove the discrimination disadvantaging humanitarian migrants without targeted interventions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Individualism and the Formation of Human Capital (2026)
Zitatform
Hartinger, Katharina, Sven Resnjanskij, Jens Ruhose & Simon Wiederhold (2026): Individualism and the Formation of Human Capital. In: Journal of the European Economic Association, Jg. 24, H. 3, S. 997-1053. DOI:10.1093/jeea/jvaf066
Abstract
"More individualistic countries experience higher economic growth. We provide evidence for a human-capital-based explanation of the growth effects of individualism. Using data from the largest international adult skill assessment, we establish that individualism shapes human capital formation. We identify the effects of individualism by exploiting variation between migrants at the origin- country, origin-language, and person level. Migrants from more individualistic cultures have higher cognitive skills and larger skill gains over time. They also invest more in their skills over the life cycle, as they acquire more years of schooling and are more likely to participate in adult education activities. Individualism is more important in explaining adult skill formation than any other cultural trait that previous literature has emphasized. In the labor market, more individualistic migrants earn higher wages and are less often unemployed. We show that our results cannot be explained by selective migration or omitted origin-country variables." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
DIFIS-Impuls 2026/4: Arbeitsmarktsituation internationaler Studierender während des Studiums und Verbleib nach Studienende (2026)
Zitatform
Hillmann, Felicitas & Sophie Stefos Sommerfeld (2026): DIFIS-Impuls 2026/4: Arbeitsmarktsituation internationaler Studierender während des Studiums und Verbleib nach Studienende. (DIFIS-Impuls 2026,4), Duisburg ; Bremen, 4 S.
Abstract
"Da Berlinweit die TU Berlin die Universität mit den meisten internationalen Studierenden ist, haben Hillmann und Sommerfeld im Sommer 2025 dort eine Befragung zur Arbeits- und Lebenssituation der internationalen Studierenden durchgeführt. An der Online-Erhebung nahmen 355 Teilnehmer*innen (Alumni und internationale Studierende) aus 76 Ländern teil, es wurden Experteninterviews und Fokusgruppen mit Studierenden aus der Türkei und Indien durchgeführt. Es ließen sich Trends identifizieren." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
How Do Immigration Policies Affect Voter Support for Low-Skilled Immigrants? Evidence from a Survey Experiment (2026)
Zitatform
Hopkins, Vincent, Andrea Lawlor & Mireille Paquet (2026): How Do Immigration Policies Affect Voter Support for Low-Skilled Immigrants? Evidence from a Survey Experiment. In: International migration review, Jg. 60, H. 1, S. 469-494. DOI:10.1177/01979183241296032
Abstract
"Countries depend on both high- and low-skilled immigration to meet economic needs. But most voters prefer high-skilled immigrants, despite the fact that multiple economic sectors structurally depend on low-skilled immigrants. In this paper, we examine voter preferences toward low-skilled immigrants as one barrier to effective immigration policy, even in political regimes where immigration is the consequence of highly coordinated or “planned” policies. Specifically, we consider whether government communication around the benefits of low-skilled immigration can increase favorability of such policies. We are particularly interested in the ways in which government communicates immigration messages and whether the scope or concentration of the proposed benefits will move individual preferences. In an online survey experiment, we present Canadians ( N=2,023) with a policy brief that manipulates immigrant skill level (high vs. low), economic outcomes of migration (positive vs. mixed), and the geographic scope of benefits (concentrated vs. sociotropic). Employing two measures of policy support, we find some evidence that positive framing can increase overall support for low-skill migrants. We also find that manipulating framing around high-skilled workers has little effect on support for low-skill workers, even when that framing presents countervailing evidence as to the benefit of high-skilled labor. In sum, our findings suggest that elite level communication around the benefits of low-skill labor may have the ability to disrupt longstanding antipathy for low-skilled labor, even in regimes with longstanding support for high-skilled labor." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Cultivating the 'ideal' worker? Accommodation and control of migrant workers (2026)
Zitatform
Hopkins, Benjamin & Kristine J. Olson (2026): Cultivating the 'ideal' worker? Accommodation and control of migrant workers. In: The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Jg. 37, H. 8, S. 1532-1559. DOI:10.1080/09585192.2026.2700606
Abstract
"Previous research has demonstrated that many managers have developed a preference for migrant workers as they perceive them to exhibit behaviours associated with an ‘ideal’ workforce. These include high levels of availability and a perceived strong ‘work ethic’. The provision of accommodation provides an additional opportunity for organisations to extend control into people’s personal livesto further develop the ideal always-available worker. This paper explores this concept of the ‘ideal worker’ within the context of dormitory labour regime (DLR) accommodation. Through analysis of two agricultural organisations, we report the findings of a thematic analysis of the lived experiences of farm business managers, workers residing in on-site accommodation, and workers who live in off-site accommodation. Results show that DLR accommodation reinforces control through temporal, familial, and financial mechanisms. This study contributes to the literature by offering a comprehensive understanding of organisational control mechanisms within the agricultural sector, using the case of the post-Brexit UK in which many workers now utilise a seasonal worker visa subject to new regulations. We investigate these firms that offer employee accommodation through the lens of the concept of the ‘ideal worker’, and explores the implications of this for Human Resource Management." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ethnische Diskriminierung in betrieblichen Auswahlverfahren: Eine systematische Literaturanalyse (2026)
Zitatform
Hufnagl, Julia, Selina Weber & Silvia Annen (2026): Ethnische Diskriminierung in betrieblichen Auswahlverfahren: Eine systematische Literaturanalyse. In: Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik - online H. Spezial PH-AT3, S. 1-23.
Abstract
"Ethnische Diskriminierung stellt anhaltend ein Problem bei der Rekrutierung im Allgemeinen und beim Zugang zur beruflichen Bildung im Speziellen dar. Diese Situation hat sich trotz relevanter Rahmenbedingungen wie beispielsweise des Fachkräftemangels oder des demographischen Wandels nicht verändert. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht der vorliegende Beitrag der Frage nach, welche Faktoren die ethnische Diskriminierung in betrieblichen Auswahlverfahren beim Zugang zur dualen Berufsausbildung in Deutschland determinieren. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage bedarf es eines systematischen Überblicks über ethnische Diskriminierungsprozesse. Methodisch wird der Zugang über eine systematische Literaturanalyse (Page et al., 2021) genutzt. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung veranschaulichen die Wirkmechanismen diverser Faktoren (u. a. kulturelles und soziales Kapital, Geschlecht, Branche), die den Zugang zur Berufsausbildung beeinflussen. In betrieblichen Auswahlprozessen spielt insbesondere die Passung zwischen den Bewerber:innen und dem Unternehmen eine zentrale Rolle, wobei die Beurteilung dieser Passung durch präferenzbasierte und statistische Diskriminierung negativ beeinflusst wird. Der Beitrag bündelt und systematisiert bislang fragmentierte Befunde zu ethnischer Diskriminierung im Übergang in die duale Berufsausbildung und ordnet sie in ein integrierendes analytisches Rahmenmodell ein. Auf dieser Grundlage wird sichtbar, wie individuelle, organisationale und strukturelle Faktoren im Rekrutierungsprozess zusammenwirken und Diskriminierungsrisiken verstärken. Dadurch leistet der Artikel einen analytischen Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis der Mechanismen ethnischer Ungleichbehandlung im Kontext betrieblicher Auswahlentscheidungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Deutschkenntnisse und Arbeitsmarktintegration: Die Hälfte der Betriebe fordert bei Einstellungen mindestens ein B2-Sprachniveau (2026)
Zitatform
Keita, Sekou & Alexander Kubis (2026): Deutschkenntnisse und Arbeitsmarktintegration: Die Hälfte der Betriebe fordert bei Einstellungen mindestens ein B2-Sprachniveau. (IAB-Kurzbericht 07/2026), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2607
Abstract
"Deutschland ist in den kommenden Jahren stärker auf Zuwanderung angewiesen, um den Bedarf an Arbeits- und Fachkräften zu decken. Viele Zugewanderte bringen allerdings zu Beginn nur begrenzte Deutschkenntnisse mit. Die aktuellen Daten der IAB-Stellenerhebung zeigen, dass ein großer Teil der Betriebe bei Neueinstellungen mindestens ein B2-Sprachniveau voraussetzt. Unter bestimmten Bedingungen berücksichtigen Betriebe jedoch auch Personen mit geringeren Deutschkenntnissen – etwa, wenn sie an Sprachkursen teilnehmen oder das Anforderungsprofil der Stelle dies zulässt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
- Sprachniveaustufe B2 Selbstständige Sprachverwendung
- Zusammenhang zwischen der Bereitschaft zur Berücksichtigung von Bewerbungen von Personen mit Deutschkenntnissen unter B2-Niveau und Aktivitätshemmnissen
- Berücksichtigen Betriebe Bewerbungen von Personen mit Deutschkenntnissen unter B2-Niveau?
- Betriebliche Mindestanforderungen an erforderliche Deutschkenntnisse bei der letzten offenen Stelle
- Betriebliche Anforderungen an Deutschkenntnisse bei der letzten offenen Stelle
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Literaturhinweis
Career crafting in transition: Strategies of migrant women in vocational settings (2026)
Kersten, A.; Laukineitytė, E.; Kerti, K.a.; Scholz, F.; Nijs, S.;Zitatform
Kersten, A., E. Laukineitytė, K.a. Kerti, S. Nijs & F. Scholz (2026): Career crafting in transition: Strategies of migrant women in vocational settings. In: Journal of vocational behavior, Jg. 165. DOI:10.1016/j.jvb.2026.104218
Abstract
"In response to the volatile nature of contemporary labor markets, individuals are increasingly expected to self-manage their career trajectories. Although career self-management presents inherent challenges for the general working population, these difficulties may be exacerbated for vulnerable groups. To date, however, empirical research on the career crafting behaviors of vulnerable populations remains scarce. To extend career crafting research to underrepresented groups, we explored the career crafting strategies that migrant women engage in to achieve their future work selves, as well as the influence of resource availability on the adoption of these strategies. Based on migrant women's career orientation and temporal focus (present vs. future), we identified four career crafting strategies: (1) career planning, (2) career balancing, (3) career architecting and (4) career navigating. Our findings suggest that migrant women do not solely adopt one strategy throughout their entire career. Instead, we conceptualize career crafting as an agentic process wherein individuals seek optimal fit between their career crafting strategy and their (migration) context at the current stage of their career. Consequently, we do not state that one strategy is optimal compared to others – rather that the optimum can be found when achieving the right contextual fit, particularly in the context of vulnerability. Our findings underscore the importance of acknowledging the enabling and constraining circumstances that influence career crafting strategies of migrant women." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Mind the Gap: Understanding Job-Education Mismatch Among Immigrants in France, Germany, Canada, and the United States (2026)
Zitatform
Khalid, Rabia & Hasan Vergil (2026): Mind the Gap: Understanding Job-Education Mismatch Among Immigrants in France, Germany, Canada, and the United States. In: Labor Studies Journal, S. 1-24. DOI:10.1177/0160449x261465833
Abstract
"Job–education mismatch among immigrants in host countries poses challenges to economic assimilation and social integration. This study examines determinants of vertical mismatch among immigrants using PIAAC data from France, Germany, Canada, and the United States. Additionally a job mismatch severity index has been created, based on the Foster Greer and Thorbecke framework that quantifies mismatch intensity. Results from a complementary log–log model highlight key factors of job education that includeimmigrant generation, duration of stay, language proficiency, and relevance of work experience whereas the findings of FGT index reveal that lack of host-country relevant work experience significantly intensifies mismatch severity across all selected countries, underscoring its critical role in shaping immigrant labor market outcomes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labor Policies and Immigrant Employment (2026)
Zitatform
Kiviholma, Sanni & Hannu Karhunen (2026): Labor Policies and Immigrant Employment. In: Journal of Economic Surveys, Jg. 40, H. 1, S. 321-339. DOI:10.1111/joes.70010
Abstract
"This survey describes the recent literature on integration and active labor market policies that strive to enhance the employment of immigrants. We searched several databases, and after screening, 63 studies satisfied our predetermined inclusion criteria. The first criterion is that the studies examine policies in Europe. Second, the search was limited to studies published between 2005 and 2024. Third, our primary outcome of interest is employment. Other outcome variables are income, labor market participation, and duration of unemployment. We focus on studies that offer experimental or quasi-experimental evidence on the effects of policies on the employment of immigrants. We divide the policy measures into the following five groups: integration programs, language training, benefits, childcare, and residency policies. Our main finding is that well-executed integration measures can improve the labor market attachment of immigrants, speed up the process of entering employment, and improve the quality of attained jobs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The role of network isolation on language proficiency of children of migrants (2026)
Zitatform
Klingeren, Fijnanda van, Jan van der Laan & Marjolijn Das (2026): The role of network isolation on language proficiency of children of migrants. In: Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, Jg. 103. DOI:10.1016/j.rssm.2026.101138
Abstract
"Although the school performance of children of migrants in the Netherlands continues to improve, it still lags behind compared to that of children of Dutch origin, which contributes to inequality in socio-economic outcomes. To reduce this performance gap it is of great societal importance to gain insight into the factors influencing language proficiency of children of migrants. This paper investigates to what extent the share of people from children’s own origin group in the network – network isolation – influences their Dutch language proficiency and subsequent sorting in educational secondary school tracks. To measure network isolation of children we used a whole-population network from Statistics Netherlands containing family members, household members, neighbours, classmates and colleagues. The score on the language component of the final-year primary school exam is used as an indicator of Dutch language proficiency. Results show that higher levels of network isolation, i.e., a higher share of the own origin group in the network, are associated with lower Dutch language proficiency. Furthermore, higher levels of network isolation are related to lower teacher track recommendations for secondary school, and this relationship is fully mediated by language proficiency. These findings highlight the importance of considering the broader social context —beyond language exposure in the household — when promoting social mobility of children of migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
International Mobility Panel of Migrants in Germany (IMPa): Wer bleibt, wer geht - und warum Eingewanderte Deutschland wieder verlassen (2026)
Kosyakova, Yuliya ; Koch, Theresa; Gallegos Torres, Katia ; Olbrich, Lukas ; Reinold, Julia ; Wagner, Simon ;Zitatform
Kosyakova, Yuliya, Julia Reinold, Theresa Koch, Lukas Olbrich, Katia Gallegos Torres & Simon Wagner (2026): International Mobility Panel of Migrants in Germany (IMPa): Wer bleibt, wer geht - und warum Eingewanderte Deutschland wieder verlassen. (IAB-Kurzbericht 10/2026), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2610
Abstract
"Wer nach Deutschland einwandert, bleibt nicht zwangsläufig dauerhaft. Angesichts des wachsenden Fachkräftebedarfs ist es arbeitsmarktpolitisch relevant, ob Eingewanderte langfristig in Deutschland bleiben oder wieder ab wandern. In der ersten Welle des International Mobility Panel of Migrants in Germany (IMPa) gaben rund 3 Prozent der Eingewanderten an, Abwanderungspläne zu haben. Das sind hochgerechnet 312.000 Personen. Die Folgebefragung 2025 macht nun erstmals sichtbar, wer Deutschland tatsächlich verlassen hat, wohin diese Personen gezogen sind, welche Gründe dafür ausschlaggebend waren und welches Wiederzuwanderungspotenzial besteht." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Kosyakova, Yuliya ; Koch, Theresa; Gallegos Torres, Katia ; Olbrich, Lukas ; Reinold, Julia ; Wagner, Simon ;Ähnliche Treffer
auch in Englisch erschienen -
Literaturhinweis
International Mobility Panel of Migrants in Germany (IMPa): Who stays, who moves on - and why immigrants leave Germany (2026)
Kosyakova, Yuliya ; Koch, Theresa; Gallegos Torres, Katia ; Olbrich, Lukas ; Reinold, Julia ; Wagner, Simon ;Zitatform
Kosyakova, Yuliya, Julia Reinold, Theresa Koch, Lukas Olbrich, Katia Gallegos Torres & Simon Wagner (2026): International Mobility Panel of Migrants in Germany (IMPa): Who stays, who moves on - and why immigrants leave Germany. (IAB-Kurzbericht 10/2026 (en)), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2610.en
Abstract
"Wer nach Deutschland einwandert, bleibt nicht zwangsläufig dauerhaft. Angesichts des wachsenden Fachkräftebedarfs ist es arbeitsmarktpolitisch relevant, ob Eingewanderte langfristig in Deutschland bleiben oder wieder ab wandern. In der ersten Welle des International Mobility Panel of Migrants in Germany (IMPa) gaben rund 3 Prozent der Eingewanderten an, Abwanderungspläne zu haben. Das sind hochgerechnet 312.000 Personen. Die Folgebefragung 2025 macht nun erstmals sichtbar, wer Deutschland tatsächlich verlassen hat, wohin diese Personen gezogen sind, welche Gründe dafür ausschlaggebend waren und welches Wiederzuwanderungspotenzial besteht." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Kosyakova, Yuliya ; Koch, Theresa; Gallegos Torres, Katia ; Olbrich, Lukas ; Reinold, Julia ; Wagner, Simon ;Ähnliche Treffer
auch deutschsprachig erschienen -
Literaturhinweis
Aktionsräume älterer Frauen mit „Gastarbeiterinnen“geschichte. Vernachlässigte Forschungsperspektiven und ungesehene Orte (2026)
Zitatform
Kulmus, Claudia, Karola Cafantaris, Katharina Gensch, Jamila Schultz-Edwards & Jara Schulze (2026): Aktionsräume älterer Frauen mit „Gastarbeiterinnen“geschichte. Vernachlässigte Forschungsperspektiven und ungesehene Orte. In: Zeitschrift für Weiterbildungsforschung, Jg. 49, H. 1, S. 95-115. DOI:10.1007/s40955-026-00344-5
Abstract
"Die Lebens- und Bildungserfahrungen von Frauen mit „Gastarbeiterinnen“geschichte sind bislang selten Gegenstand von Forschung gewesen, zumal aus einer erwachsenenpädagogischen Perspektive. Dies nimmt der Beitrag zum Ausgangspunkt und analysiert anhand intersektionaler Ansätze und sozialräumlicher Perspektiven, welche Aktionsräume Frauen mit „Gastarbeiterinnen“geschichte nutzen, wie sie diese mit Blick auf ihre Bildungsbiografien und gesellschaftlichen Selbstpositionierungen interpretieren. Methodisch basieren die Ergebnisse auf elf problemzentrierten Interviews, ausgewertet im Hinblick auf Alter, Migration und Geschlecht und deren Verwobenheit mit Aktionsräumen. Zwei Fallbeispiele zeigen, wie sich Relationen von Vulnerabilität und Handlungsfähigkeit, von Diskriminierung und Emanzipation in den Selbstpositionierungen verbinden. Migration, Alter und Geschlecht werden dabei als komplexe Konstellation verstanden, die sowohl Diskriminierungserfahrungen als auch empowernde Prozesse umfassen können. Die Ergebnisse betonen die Bedeutung sozialräumlicher Zugänge und intersektionaler Perspektiven für das Verständnis der gesellschaftlichen und bildungsbezogenen Teilhabe älterer Frauen mit Migrationsgeschichte. Abschließend erfolgt eine Diskussion der Möglichkeiten, diese Perspektiven für zukünftige Forschungen und Handlungsansätze zu nutzen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The Effect of Retaining High-Skilled International Graduates: Evidence from the STEM OPT Extension (2026)
Zitatform
Kwon, Seoyoung, Jongkwan Lee & Joan Monras (2026): The Effect of Retaining High-Skilled International Graduates: Evidence from the STEM OPT Extension. (CEPR discussion paper / Centre for Economic Policy Research 21224), London, 61 S.
Abstract
"High-skilled migration programs exist around the world in the hope that immigrants complement native workers, allow firms to grow, and boost innovation. We study the effect of one such program by exploiting the 2016 extension of the Optional Practical Training (OPT) program, which significantly prolonged the work authorization period for international STEM graduates. Using a synthetic difference-in-differences approach, we find that the policy successfully increased the local supply of high-skilled immigrants in exposed Commuting Zones. This local inflow stimulated firm creation and the demand for native high-skilled workers. The program might have also boosted innovation in certain sectors and startup investment, especially in Commuting Zones hosting top-ranked universities, where, overall, the effects tend to be larger." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Empowering adult migrants through digital technology: language learning, identity, and career pathways (2026)
Zitatform
Langer, Sandra & Aydin Yücesan Durgunoğlu (2026): Empowering adult migrants through digital technology: language learning, identity, and career pathways. In: Zeitschrift für Weiterbildungsforschung, Jg. 49, H. 1, S. 75-94. DOI:10.1007/s40955-026-00339-2
Abstract
"Der Beitrag untersucht, wie Praktiken des Einsatzes digitaler Technologien in der Erwachsenenbildung zu Prozessen der Stärkung und Ausgrenzung von Migrantinnen, Migranten und Geflüchteten beitragen, wenn sie aus einer intersektionalen Perspektive betrachtet werden. Auf Grundlage von zwei Fallstudien aus Deutschland und den Vereinigten Staaten wird analysiert, wie Faktoren wie Aufenthaltsstatus, Geschlecht, Alter und Bildungshintergrund die Teilhabe an digital vermitteltem Lernen prägen. In Deutschland eröffnete die Integration von Virtual-Reality-Anwendungen in Alphabetisierungs- und Sprachkursen neue Möglichkeiten zur berufsbezogenen Sprachpraxis, machte jedoch zugleich Probleme in Bezug auf Zugänglichkeit, technische Barrieren und institutionelle Diskurse sichtbar. In den Vereinigten Staaten bot ein technologiegestütztes Curriculum, das Englischunterricht mit politischer Bildung verband, wertvolle Lerngelegenheiten, während unregelmäßige Teilnahme und unterschiedliche digitale Kompetenzen die Beteiligung einzelner Gruppen einschränkten. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen sowohl das Potenzial digitaler Werkzeuge zur Stärkung von Teilhabe als auch das Risiko, bestehende Ungleichheiten zu verstärken, wenn die vielfältigen Bedürfnisse der Lernenden und institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen nicht hinreichend berücksichtigt werden. Durch die Verbindung von Perspektiven auf Intersektionalität, digitale Spaltungen und institutionelle Praktiken trägt der Beitrag zum Verständnis bei, wie Erwachsenenbildung sowohl Anerkennung ermöglichen als auch Ausschluss reproduzieren kann. Abschließend werden Implikationen für die Praxis sowie Ansätze für zukünftige Forschung diskutiert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Can Care Service and <scp>ALMP</scp> Reduce Female Migrant Penalty in the Labour Market? A Multilevel Analysis of 16 Western European Countries (2026)
Zitatform
Lee, Juhyun (2026): Can Care Service and
ALMP Reduce Female Migrant Penalty in the Labour Market? A Multilevel Analysis of 16 Western European Countries. In: Social Policy and Administration, S. 1-16. DOI:10.1111/spol.70084Abstract
"This study explores policy effects including care service and ALMP regarding female workforces' labour market outcomes, focused on migration status. Third country migrant women's increased presence and their labour market integration after post-industrialism have been important issues regarding labour market segregation and relevant welfare state policy developments. Active measures for labour participation like care service in family policy and ALMP in labour policy were used to investigate how far these two policies can moderate labour market outcomes according to migration status. In turn, how the average migrant penalty with respect to natives in 16 Western European countries varies was analysed. Stepwise models incrementing individual conditions, policy measures, and welfare regime clusters were conducted by employing multilevel modelling. Results showed that both policies strongly moderate migrants' employment and job quality over that of natives and, importantly, with low ALMP levels a negative association between care service and female workforces' job quality was found regardless of migration status." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeitsmarktintegration: Bedeutung, Hürden und Potenziale ausländischer Beschäftigung (2026)
Zitatform
Ortmann, Tobias, Greta Schimanksi, Susanne U. Schultz, Claudia Walther & Roman Wink (2026): Arbeitsmarktintegration. Bedeutung, Hürden und Potenziale ausländischer Beschäftigung. (Focus Paper Arbeitsmarkt / Bertelsmann Stiftung), Gütersloh, 40 S. DOI:10.11586/2026084
Abstract
"Das Focus Paper „Arbeitsmarktintegration: Bedeutung, Hürden und Potenziale ausländischer Beschäftigung“ der Bertelsmann Stiftung verwendet aktuell verfügbare Daten und Studien zur Arbeitsmarktintegration von Ausländer:innen in Deutschland, um verschiedene Dimensionen der Erwerbstätigkeit faktenbasiert zu veranschaulichen. Darüber hinaus werden bestehende Hürden auf dem Weg in den Arbeitsmarkt in den Blick genommen. Das Paper gibt einen Überblick zu den zentralen Zahlen und Fakten, illustriert deren Hintergründe und zeigt Handlungsempfehlungen für Politik und Verwaltung auf." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Immigrant-Native Wage Gaps over Two Generations: Does the Field of Study Matter? (2026)
Zitatform
Pineda-Hernández, Kevin, François Rycx, Thomas Senterre & Mélanie Volral (2026): Immigrant-Native Wage Gaps over Two Generations: Does the Field of Study Matter? (IZA discussion paper / IZA Network @ LISER 18728), Bonn: IZA Network @ LISER, 35 S.
Abstract
"Although educational attainment is known to moderate immigrant-native wage gaps, the role of the field of study remains largely unexplored. Drawing on detailed data for master's graduates in Belgium (1999-2016), we show that the immigrant-native wage gap narrows over two generations but persists in higher-paying fields (STEM, LEM), while disappearing in lower-paying ones. Wage decompositions reveal a small positive quantity effect (immigrants favour higher-paying fields), outweighed by a negative price effect (as returns to fields are lower for immigrants). This price effect halves across generations. Together, both effects explain 28-37% of the overall pay gap. Sensitivity tests refine these findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
On the economic prospects of non-Western migrants in Europe (2026)
Prokic-Breuer, Tijana; Webbink, Dinand; Vermeulen, Stan;Zitatform
Prokic-Breuer, Tijana, Stan Vermeulen & Dinand Webbink (2026): On the economic prospects of non-Western migrants in Europe. In: Journal of Population Economics, Jg. 39, H. 2. DOI:10.1007/s00148-026-01167-x
Abstract
"Many European countries are concerned about the economic integration of low-skilled non-Western migrants. This study investigates skill disparities and their intergenerational persistence by employing a unique combination of Dutch survey and registry data linking math and language skills of parents and their children. We find that skills of non-Western migrants strongly converge towards those of natives; group differences in math and language are reduced by 60 to 70% over one generation. Ethnic externalities that may delay group convergence indefinitely appear not to be important. This suggests that the currently observed skill gaps of non-Western migrants in Europe are unlikely to persist for those migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Short‐Term Visa, Long‐Term Stay? Estimating Inflows of Overstayers in the Schengen Area Using Air Passenger Records and Facebook Mobility Data (2026)
Zitatform
Recchi, Ettore, Luca Bernasconi & Alejandra Rodriguez Sanchez (2026): Short‐Term Visa, Long‐Term Stay? Estimating Inflows of Overstayers in the Schengen Area Using Air Passenger Records and Facebook Mobility Data. In: International Migration, Jg. 64, H. 1. DOI:10.1111/imig.70123
Abstract
"Overstayers—travellers entering a country with a valid visa but staying beyond the initially authorised period—are a blind spot of migration research. Past studies claim that overstaying is indeed the main gateway to irregular migration in Europe, but few estimates exist. This paper explores three new methods to estimate the inflows of overstayers. We concentrate on the Schengen area as destination, given its relevance in global migration flows, and on non-European countries as origins, since for travellers from these countries commercial flights are the most likely transportation mode to Europe. Our methods rely on aggregate information on incoming and departing passengers from all airports in the Schengen Area, and on Facebook users' mobility data. In the first method, we compute ‘net air travel flows’ as the difference between incoming and outgoingpassengers; we then deduce net regular migration (using data from Eurostat and the QuantMig project) from ‘net air travel flows’ to obtain ‘unaccounted net flows’, which we hold to equate approximately to newly incoming overstayers with short-stay visas for 2019. In the second method, building on the first estimate, we employ the logic of gravity models to project estimates for later years. In the third method, we build on the intuitions of the first method but use net migration figures from data on Facebook users' cross-border movements. Substantively, the results of the different methods converge, indicating around 450,000 new overstayers who entered the whole of the Schengen Area in 2019 with short-stay visas. Analyses for the following years obtained with the second and third method match and are in line with changes in travel policies during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021), suggesting a significant reduction in the number of overstayers for those years and an uptick for the years 2022–2023. By uncovering the size and scope of the overstaying population we shed light on a highly contested issue in the public debate and ultimately contribute to raise awareness on the constructed nature of the ‘regular’ versus ‘irregular’ framing of migration." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Salience Shifts and Managerial Discretion: How Periods of Islamist Terrorism affect the Employment of Middle Eastern Men (2026)
Zitatform
Reichelt, Malte & Christoph Müller (2026): Salience Shifts and Managerial Discretion: How Periods of Islamist Terrorism affect the Employment of Middle Eastern Men. In: American sociological review, Jg. 91, H. 2, S. 313-348., 2026-01-05. DOI:10.1177/00031224261424488
Abstract
"Islamist terrorist attacks evoke negative stereotypes and symbolic threat perceptions toward men perceived to be of Middle Eastern origin, yet evidence on the labor market consequences of these attacks remains inconsistent. We address this ambiguity by developing a framework that links external shocks to employment outcomes through salience shifts and managerial discretion within workplaces. Salience shifts arise when clusters of terrorist attacks—rather than isolated events—are amplified by media coverage, reinforcing or generating stereotypes and increasing the likelihood that ethnoracial categories become consequential in hiring decisions. Whether such shifts translate into exclusion depends on organizational contexts that mute or permit greater managerial discretion. We test this framework using monthly linked employer–employee data from Germany (1999 to 2019), data on terrorist attacks linked to Islamist motives, name-based measures of perceived origin, and topic-modeled newspaper coverage. Our analyses show that periods marked by multiple Islamist terrorist attacks and heightened media coverage significantly reduce the employment of men perceived to be of Middle Eastern origin. These effects are strongest in workplaces with a high share of non-complex jobs and in settings lacking formal hiring procedures or worker representation, but they are muted where Middle Eastern managers are present. Together, these findings indicate when and where politicized events translate into employment disparities, highlighting the need to account for temporal and organizational contexts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wenn Bürokratie zur Hürde wird: Wie Eingewanderte die administrativen Verfahren in Deutschland bewerten (2026)
Zitatform
Reinold, Julia, Laura Goßner & Jasmin Hallyburton (2026): Wenn Bürokratie zur Hürde wird: Wie Eingewanderte die administrativen Verfahren in Deutschland bewerten. In: IAB-Forum H. 02.07.2026. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20260702.01
Abstract
"Die Beantragung einer Aufenthaltserlaubnis, die Anerkennung von Ausbildungs- und Hochschulabschlüssen, der Erwerb der deutschen Staatsbürgerschaft: Eingewanderte sind hierzulande mit teils sehr langwierigen bürokratischen Prozessen konfrontiert. Aktuellen Befragungsergebnissen des IAB zufolge machen viele dabei negative Erfahrungen unterschiedlichster Art. Fast ein Drittel derjenigen, die Deutschland wieder verlassen, begründet dies auch mit diesen Erfahrungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Ähnliche Treffer
also released in English -
Literaturhinweis
When bureaucracy becomes a barrier: What migrants think about Germany’s administrative processes (2026)
Zitatform
Reinold, Julia, Laura Goßner & Jasmin Hallyburton (2026): When bureaucracy becomes a barrier: What migrants think about Germany’s administrative processes. In: IAB-Forum H. 02.07.2026. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20260702.02
Abstract
"Die Beantragung einer Aufenthaltserlaubnis, die Anerkennung von Ausbildungs- und Hochschulabschlüssen, der Erwerb der deutschen Staatsbürgerschaft: Eingewanderte sind hierzulande mit teils sehr langwierigen bürokratischen Prozessen konfrontiert. Aktuellen Befragungsergebnissen des IAB zufolge machen viele dabei negative Erfahrungen unterschiedlichster Art. Fast ein Drittel derjenigen, die Deutschland wieder verlassen, begründet dies auch mit diesen Erfahrungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Ähnliche Treffer
auch deutschsprachig erschienen -
Literaturhinweis
Qualification as a key criterion? An analysis of Germany’s labour migration policy (2026)
Robinson, Jennifer-Louise; Groß, Thomas;Zitatform
Robinson, Jennifer-Louise & Thomas Groß (2026): Qualification as a key criterion? An analysis of Germany’s labour migration policy. In: Comparative Migration Studies, Jg. 14, H. 1. DOI:10.1186/s40878-025-00510-7
Abstract
"In Germany’s labour migration discourse the notion of skilled workers is pervasive, as evidenced by the title of the 2020 Skilled Immigration Act and its extension in 2023, framing migration primarily in terms of migrants’ qualifications and labour-market relevant skills. This article analyses the significance of this qualification criterion which is expressed in German migration law by the requirement for third-country nationals to hold a formal qualification recognised in Germany, in order to obtain residence and work permits. Therefore, it highlights a selectivity mechanism in migration policy within broader debates on how to analyse the functioning of selective systems – moving beyond a purely economic framing of demand- and supply-driven models. It does so by first analysing the development of German migration policy based on bilateral agreements towards a qualification-based policy, which has opened up to non-academically trained workers, particularly in recent years, and by secondly examining migration channels that do not require formally recognised qualification. The analysis shows that while formal qualifications remain a central criterion in German labour migration policy, a significant share of labour migration from third countries – understood as migration for the legal purpose of employment – occurs through pathways that waive this criterion. The one-sided focus on skilled labour immigration therefore does not reflect the complex reality of migration to Germany." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wie können KI-Übersetzungen für die Gleichwertigkeitsfeststellung eingesetzt werden?: Eine systematische Bestandsaufnahme zum Einsatz maschineller Übersetzungstools für die Anerkennung ausländischer Berufsqualifikationen (2026)
Scholz, Moritz; Rohr, Nora;Zitatform
Scholz, Moritz & Nora Rohr (2026): Wie können KI-Übersetzungen für die Gleichwertigkeitsfeststellung eingesetzt werden? Eine systematische Bestandsaufnahme zum Einsatz maschineller Übersetzungstools für die Anerkennung ausländischer Berufsqualifikationen. (BIBB discussion paper / Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung), Bonn, 18 S.
Abstract
"Für die Anerkennung ausländischer Berufsqualifikationen in Deutschland müssen Dokumente bei der zuständigen Stelle vorgelegt werden, damit diese die Gleichwertigkeit mit einem deutschen Referenzberuf prüfen kann. Diese sind häufig in deutscher Übersetzung (durch eine beeidigte Übersetzerin oder einen beeidigten Übersetzer) einzureichen. Insbesondere bei umfangreichen Unterlagen kann der Übersetzungsprozess für Antragstellende mit hohen Kosten und Verzögerungen verbunden sein. Vor diesem Hintergrund gelten KI-gestützte maschinelle Übersetzungstools als vielversprechender Ansatz, um Dokumente schnell und kostengünstig zu übersetzen. Ihr Einsatz ist jedoch mit fachlichen, organisatorischen und rechtlichen Herausforderungen verbunden. Auf Basis qualitativer Interviews mit Akteuren der Berufsanerkennung, die erste Praxiserfahrungen mit maschinellen Übersetzungen gesammelt haben, werden Potenziale und Hürden ihres Einsatzes in der Gleichwertigkeitsprüfung analysiert. Daraus werden Gelingensbedingungen für eine behördliche Nutzung abgeleitet. Zentrale Ergebnisse zeigen, dass maschinelle Übersetzungen vor allem dann entlastend wirken können, wenn sie in digitale Antragsverfahren integriert sind." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
How Does Overeducation Depend on Immigrants' Admission Class? (2026)
Zitatform
Schultz-Nielsen, Marie Louise (2026): How Does Overeducation Depend on Immigrants' Admission Class? In: International migration review, Jg. 60, H. 2, S. 869-899. DOI:10.1177/01979183241264991
Abstract
"This study offers new insights into the phenomenon of overeducation by showing that the overeducation rates among immigrants and the wage returns of overeducated immigrants are closely linked to their admission classes. The overeducation rate in Denmark is highest among immigrants from countries that became members of the EU after 2003, 61% of whom are overeducated as compared to 24% of natives. Controlling for demographic and educational characteristics, citizens from these new EU countries, as well as reunified family members, refugees, and students, are highly overeducated compared to natives, while this is not the case for citizens from the Nordics and older EU countries, that is, those that joined the EU before 2003. Furthermore, overeducated higher-educated citizens from the Nordics and from older EU countries only suffer minor wage losses, while other admission classes typically earn between 17% and 36% less than if they had work appropriate to their educational levels. For highly educated refugees, the gap is even larger. These results emphasize the importance of the differences in immigrants’ outside options (e.g., wages and living conditions in the home country) and the admission requirements they face. The results also highlight the potential gains for immigrants as well as their host countries of acknowledging immigrants’ educational skills." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of deferred action for childhood arrivals on labor market outcomes (2026)
Zitatform
Tran, Nhan (2026): The effects of deferred action for childhood arrivals on labor market outcomes. In: Journal of demographic economics, Jg. 92, H. 3, S. 297-326. DOI:10.1017/dem.2025.5
Abstract
"I study the effects of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA) on labor market outcomes among potentially eligible immigrants. DACA allowed undocumented immigrants to participate in the labor market without fear of deportation, which might be expected to increase the probability of working and allowing workers to move to higher-skilled occupations. However, using a regression discontinuity design, I find very little to no effects on the probability of working and the likelihood of working in high-skilled jobs among DACA-eligible immigrants. The confidence intervals permit modest effects on these variables, but rule out large ones. My estimates are local, mainly applicable to older individuals close to the age threshold, and not broadly generalizable to younger DACA-eligible groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
From Fluency to Employment: How State and Regional Language Skills Shape Immigrants' Labour Market Outcomes (2026)
Zitatform
Ubalde, Josep, Amado Alarcón & Cecilio Lapresta-Rey (2026): From Fluency to Employment: How State and Regional Language Skills Shape Immigrants' Labour Market Outcomes. In: Journal of International Migration and Integration, S. 1-32. DOI:10.1007/s12134-026-01419-5
Abstract
"It has been widely demonstrated that proficiency in the host country’s language is important for the labour market integration ofimmigrants. However, few studies have analysed the role of immigrants ’ language skills in bilingual contexts. Drawing on representative data from five Spanish autonomous communities, we investigate the differential role of fluency in Spanish—the state language—and in the regional co-official languages (Catalan, Basque, and Galician). The results show that fluency in Spanish is associated with a higher likelihood of being employed, whereas fluency in a regional language shows no measurable association with this outcome. However, when considering access to highly skilled occupations, a different pattern emerges: fluency in two of the three regional languages (Catalan and Basque) is positively associated with skilled employment, while Spanish shows no significant association. These findings suggest a dual function of language skills: Spanish acts as a general gateway to the labour market, while regional languages function as symbolic and context-specific capital, facilitating access to skilled occupations. The article challenges a uniform view of linguistic capital and underscores the relevance of local identity dynamics in shaping migrants’ labour trajectories. It concludes by suggesting the value of moving beyond mere course provision and pointing to the importance of promoting both the effective acquisition of language skills by immigrants and their recognition by employers and institutions as part of professional development pathways." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen