Niedriglohnarbeitsmarkt
Der Ausbau des Niedriglohnsektors sollte Ende der 1990er Jahre die hohe Arbeitslosigkeit reduzieren. Als Niedriglohn gilt ein Arbeitsentgelt, das trotz Vollzeitbeschäftigung keine angemessene Existenzsicherung gewährleistet – die OECD definiert den ihn als einen Bruttolohn, der unterhalb von zwei Dritteln des nationalen Medianbruttolohns aller Vollzeitbeschäftigten liegt. Betroffen von Niedriglöhnen sind überdurchschnittlich häufig Personen ohne beruflichen Abschluss, jüngere Erwerbstätige und Frauen.
Bietet der Niedriglohnsektor eine Chance zum Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt oder ist er eine Sackgasse? Das IAB-Themendossier erschließt Informationen zum Forschungsstand.
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- Theorie
- Politik und Maßnahmen
- Arbeitsmarkt- und Lohnentwicklung
- Arbeitswelt, Personalpolitik
- Personengruppen
- Wirtschaftszweige
- Geschlecht
- geografischer Bezug
- Alter
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Literaturhinweis
Class, gender and the work of working‐class women amid turbulent times (2025)
Zitatform
Warren, Tracey, Luis Torres, Clare Lyonette & Ruth Tarlo (2025): Class, gender and the work of working‐class women amid turbulent times. In: The British journal of sociology, Jg. 76, H. 1, S. 96-113. DOI:10.1111/1468-4446.13147
Abstract
"The article focuses on the work of working-class women (WCW) amid turbulent times. Its timespan is just prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic in the UK. The women's work, and the key skills involved, are fundamental to everyday lives, but both have been under-valued and under-rewarded. The pandemic shone a fresh light on the societal importance of this work and highlighted how its under-valuation and the women's systemic low pay and inferior working conditions have serious ramifications not only for individual workers and their families but for the provision of key services. The article centres WCW, at the intersection of classed and gendered disadvantage, to ask about inequalities in work experiences. Analysing nationally representative samples of thousands of workers in the UK prior to and as Covid-19 rolled out, we compare WCW with other workers. We show that the women faced both persistent and new inequalities at work: enduring low earnings, pandemic-led risks to jobs and paid hours, little opportunity to work from home or flexibly, and stressful key working roles. We reveal the heavily classed nature of some of these findings, show that others were more strongly gendered, while still others were classed and gendered outcomes that require intersectional analyses of the women's working lives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wage Effects and Monopsony Explanations (2025)
Zitatform
Wiltshire, Justin, Carl McPherson, Michael Reich & Denis Sosinskiy (2025): Minimum Wage Effects and Monopsony Explanations. In: Journal of labor economics, S. 1-46. DOI:10.1086/735551
Abstract
"We present the first causal analysis of a seven-year run-up of minimum wages to $15. Using a novel stacked county-level synthetic control estimator and data on fast-food restaurants, we find substantial pay growth and no disemployment. Our results hold among lower-wage counties and counties without local minimum wages. Minimum wage increases reduce Separation rates and raise wages faster than prices at McDonald’s stores; both findings imply a monopsonistic labor market with declining rents. In the tight post-pandemic labor market, when laborsupply becomes more elastic, we find positive employment effects. These become larger and statistically significant after addressing pandemic-response confounds." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A new measurement approach for identifying high-polluting jobs across European countries (2024)
Causa, Orsetta; Soldani, Emilia; Nguyen, Maxime;Zitatform
Causa, Orsetta, Maxime Nguyen & Emilia Soldani (2024): A new measurement approach for identifying high-polluting jobs across European countries. (OECD Economics Department working papers 1795), Paris, 27 S. DOI:10.1787/f5127e4c-en
Abstract
"This paper develops a novel classification of high-polluting occupations for a large sample of European countries. Unlike previous efforts in the literature, the classification exploits country-level data on air polluting emission intensity by industry. The country-level data allows to capture important cross-country differences, due to differences in technology and in production focus. Applying the new classification to European Labour Force Survey data shows that, on average across the countries covered, about 4% of workers are employed in high-polluting jobs, ranging from 9% in Czechia and the Slovak Republic to around 2% in Austria. These shares do not exhibit any clear decreasing trend over the past decade. High-polluting jobs are unequally distributed, being over-represented among men, workers with lower and medium educational attainment and those living in rural areas." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Revisiting Dualism? The Governance of the Low Pay-Low Skill Labour Market in Four European Countries (2024)
Zitatform
Eichhorst, Werner & Gemma Scalise (2024): Revisiting Dualism? The Governance of the Low Pay-Low Skill Labour Market in Four European Countries. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17378), Bonn, 25 S.
Abstract
"The permanent restructuring of the economy, exacerbated by the digital transition and combined with labour market dualization, is progressively increasing semi- and low-skilled workers' risk of marginalization. This article analyses how countries balance employment and equality concerns in core private services sectors and inquires the policy strategy that governments in Germany, France, Italy and Spain have implemented over the last two decades for workers 'at the margins'. The analysis encompasses multiple policy tools – skill upgrading, social benefits, incentives toreduce barriers to employment and wage regulation – and reveals varied trajectories. A common direction is followed by Germany and Spain, which have adopted policies to mitigate long-standing labor market dualism by implementing protective policies that aim at improving job conditions for low-wage and at-risk workers. France is stuck in its protective approach, focusing on job stabilization through subsidies without addressing the need for skill development, which limits long-term labor market mobility. Italy is exacerbating dualism by failing to improve job quality and training opportunities, leading to persistent low productivity and increasing in-work poverty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of minimum wages on employment and Prices - Evidence from the hairdressing sector (2024)
Kunaschk, Max;Zitatform
Kunaschk, Max (2024): The effects of minimum wages on employment and Prices - Evidence from the hairdressing sector. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 88, 2024-04-04. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102540
Abstract
"This paper provides comprehensive evidence on the labor and product market effects of a high-impact minimum wage introduction in the highly competitive hairdressing sector. Using detailed administrative data, I find negligible overall employment effects, even though the minimum wage substantially increased hourly wages. However, sub-group analyses reveal considerable heterogeneity in the estimated employment effects and suggest shifts away from marginal towards regular employment. Analyses of the price effects suggest that the reform increased output prices considerably, implying that consumers largely paid for the minimum wage." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elsevier) ((en))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Kunaschk, Max; -
Literaturhinweis
Home work: Exploring the labor market effects of subsidizing domestic services (2024)
Zitatform
Leduc, Elisabeth & Ilan Tojerow (2024): Home work: Exploring the labor market effects of subsidizing domestic services. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 90. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102595
Abstract
"This paper analyzes subsidies for the domestic services sector, an increasingly popular policy to create employment opportunities for low-skilled workers. Using Belgian administrative data, a differences-in-differences approach, and a shift-share instrumental variable, we estimate the local effects of the policy in targeted industries as well as overall effects on the labor market. We find that domestic service subsidies can increase female employment in the subsidized industries as well as the overall employment rate. This increase in employment is primarily driven by an increase in (formal) labor market participation and, to a lesser extent, a reduction in the rate of participation in unemployment insurance and in other social welfare programs. We also find that these subsidies can lead to an increase in the rate of work incapacity, likely due to the fact they broaden the population that can access the social safety net." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migration and labour unrest during the pandemic: Studies from Germany and Austria (2023)
Zitatform
Neuhauser, Johanna & Peter Birke (2023): Migration and labour unrest during the pandemic: Studies from Germany and Austria. In: The Economic and Labour Relations Review, Jg. 34, S. 426-443. DOI:10.1017/elr.2023.31
Abstract
"This paper presents the results of research, which highlights the situation during the pandemic in sectors characterized by low wages and a high turnover of workers. The empirical basis is formed by company case studies in the meat industry, postal services, and mask production in Germany and Austria. This paper discusses the significance of different locations (at and beyond the workplace) and forms (‘exit’ and ‘voice’) of labor unrest in sectors of the economy that are characterized by a predominance of the use of migrant labor. It questions how conflicts over migrant labor have been articulated and possibly changed in the pandemic, and what factors may have contributed not only to an upsurge but also to the containment, regulation, and repression, of labor unrest." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Servitization, Inequality, and Wages (2022)
Zitatform
Boddin, Dominik & Thilo Kroeger (2022): Servitization, Inequality, and Wages. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 77, H. August. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2021.102011
Abstract
"This paper studies the effect of servitization, i.e., within-establishment changes in the labor force composition towards higher shares of workers with service occupations, on within-establishment wage inequality. We identify servitization as being a main driver of increasing within-establishment wage inequality. Servitization accounts for roughly 7% of the observed increase in the within-establishment wage inequality in manufacturing industries between 1994 and 2017. Higher servitization of an establishment’s labor force is associated with, on average, a lower wage level for otherwise equal workers across the majority of occupations. The wage decrease is particularly pronounced for workers in low-skilled manufacturing occupations and workers at the lower end of the wage distribution. These heterogeneous wage effects explain the increase in within-establishment wage inequality." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2022 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Young retail shift workers (not) planning their future: working with customers in the 24/7 service society in the transition to adulthood (2022)
Zitatform
Dordoni, Annalisa (2022): Young retail shift workers (not) planning their future: working with customers in the 24/7 service society in the transition to adulthood. In: The international journal of sociology and social policy, Jg. 42, H. 13/14, S. 66-80. DOI:10.1108/IJSSP-02-2022-0060
Abstract
"Purpose: The retail sector is not largely studied in Italy. The study offers a comparison between youth retail shift work in Milan and London. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the debate on the one hand on youth work and on the other hand to the debate on agency and structural factors in life planning, representation of the future and the transition to adulthood, observed in the United Kingdom's and Italian labour market. Even if the second one is a Southern European Country, these contexts are both characterised by a service-oriented economy and the widespread of precarious and flexible jobs. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative methods were used: one year of ethnographic observation, 50 interviews and two focus groups were carried out between 2015 and 2018 with retail workers and trade unionists. The contexts are Corso Buenos Aires in Milan, Italy, and Oxford Street in London, United Kingdom. Analysing young workers' discourses, the author identifies narratives that allow to grasp their present agency and imagined future. Findings: Observing the crisis of the narrative (Sennett, 2020) allows to highlight the social consequences of working times on young workers' everyday life and future. The author argues that young workers struggle with the narrative of their present everyday life and the representation of the future. This relates to the condition of time alienation due to the flexible schedules and the fast pace of work in retail, both affecting the work-life balance. Originality/value: The social consequences of flexible schedules in retail and fast fashion sector, which are new issues not yet sufficiently explored, are here investigated from the perspective of young workers. The study is focussed on the representations of young people working with customers in social and economic contexts characterised by flexible schedules and the deregulation of shop openings, the so-called 24/7 service society, not largely investigated in the sociological scientific literature, above all in the Italian context." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Emerald Group) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Firm-to-Firm Trade: Imports, Exports, and the Labor Market (2022)
Eaton, Jonathan; Kramarz, Francis; Kortum, Samuel S.;Zitatform
Eaton, Jonathan, Samuel S. Kortum & Francis Kramarz (2022): Firm-to-Firm Trade: Imports, Exports, and the Labor Market. (NBER working paper 29685), Cambridge, Mass, 65 S. DOI:10.3386/w29685
Abstract
"Customs data reveal heterogeneity and granularity of relationships among buyers and sellers. A key insight is how more exports to a destination break down into more firms selling there and more buyers per exporter. We develop a quantitative general equilibrium model of firm-to-firm matching that builds on this insight to separate the roles of iceberg costs and matching frictions in gravity. In the cross section, we find matching frictions as important as iceberg costs in impeding trade, and more sensitive to distance. Because domestic and imported intermediates compete directly with labor in performing production tasks, our model also fits the heterogeneity of labor shares across French producers. Applying the framework to the 2004 expansion of the European Union, reduced iceberg costs and reduced matching frictions contributed equally to the increase in French exports to the new members. While workers benefitted overall, those competing most directly with imports gained less, even losing in some countries entering the EU." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Supermagd : Arbeitsaneignung im Niedriglohnsektor im Ländervergleich (2022)
Zitatform
Kupfer, Antonia (2022): Supermagd : Arbeitsaneignung im Niedriglohnsektor im Ländervergleich. In: Arbeits- und industriesoziologische Studien, Jg. 15, H. 1, S. 26-39.
Abstract
"Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Konzept der Arbeitsaneignung vorgestellt, das die Subjektperspektive Beschäftigter eingebettet in soziale Kontexte erfasst und analysiert. Damit geraten strukturelle Einflüsse auf die Art und Weise wie Beschäftigte ihre Arbeit wahrnehmen, bewerten und bewältigen in den Blick. Am Beispiel von Supermarktverkäufer_innen in Deutschland und den USA wird das Konzept mit seinen drei Dimensionen sozialer Status der Tätigkeit, Gebrauchswert und Tätigsein entfaltet. Ihr Beschäftigtenanteil ist hoch und – nicht erst in der Corona-Pandemie – systemrelevant. Auf der Grundlage zweier kontrastierender Fälle werden Thesen zur unterschiedlichen Arbeitsaneignung in einem ausgewählten Niedriglohnsektor vorgestellt. Im Ergebnis wird deutlich, dass Arbeitsaneignung in Deutschland im Vergleich zu den USA arbeitnehmerinnenfreundlicher stattfindet. Für eine Verbesserung von Lebensverhältnissen sind daher politische Veränderungen und nicht subjektive Anrufungen erforderlich." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Working conditions in essential occupations and the role of migrants (2022)
Zitatform
Nivorozhkin, Anton & Friedrich Poeschel (2022): Working conditions in essential occupations and the role of migrants. In: Economic analysis and policy, Jg. 74, S. 250-261., 2022-02-09. DOI:10.1016/j.eap.2022.02.002
Abstract
"Following a national lockdown in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, state governments in Germany published lists of “essential” occupations that were considered necessary to maintain basic services such as health care, social care, food production and transport. This paper examines working conditions in these essential occupations and identifies clusters of similar jobs. Differences across clusters are highlighted using detailed data on job characteristics including tasks, educational requirements and working conditions. Two clusters with favourable or average working conditions account for more than three-quarters of jobs in essential occupations. Another two clusters, comprising 20% of jobs in essential occupations, are associated with unfavourable working conditions such as low pay, job insecurity, poor prospects for advancement and low autonomy. These latter clusters exhibit high shares of migrants. An Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition is used to investigate which individual characteristics explain why migrants are more likely to have unfavourable working conditions. The results suggest that lacking proficiency in the host-country language is the main barrier to improving migrants’ working conditions." (Author's abstract, © 2022 Economic Society of Australia, Queensland) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Trade, technology, and the channels of wage inequality (2021)
Borrs, Linda; Knauth, Florian;Zitatform
Borrs, Linda & Florian Knauth (2021): Trade, technology, and the channels of wage inequality. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 131. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2020.103607
Abstract
"We use a large sample of German workers to analyse whether low-wage competition with China and Eastern Europe (the East) affects the wage structure within German manufacturing industries. In order to identify the channels through which trade and technology affect wage inequality, we decompose wages into firm and worker components. We find that the rise of market access and the competitiveness of the East has a substantial impact on inequality via the worker-wage component. While we find no large effect of the firm effect and assortative matching on overall inequality we find that trade induced matching is relevant for high-tech industries. We also account for exposure to technological change and do not find an effect on the dispersion of wage components. Overall, trade explains around 15% of the recent increase in wage inequality." (Author's abstract, © 2021 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Trade and Inequality in Europe and the US (2021)
Zitatform
Dorn, David & Peter Levell (2021): Trade and Inequality in Europe and the US. (IZA discussion paper 14914), Bonn, 65 S.
Abstract
"The share of low-income countries in global exports nearly tripled between 1990 and 2015, driven largely by the rapid emergence of China as an exporting powerhouse. While research in economics had long acknowledged that trade with lower-income countries could raise income inequality in Europe and the US, empirical estimates indicated only a modest contribution of trade to growing national skill premia. However, if workers are not highly mobile across firms, industries and locations, then the unequal impacts of trade can manifest along different margins. Recent evidence from countries across Europe and the US shows that growing import competition from China differentially reduced earnings and employment rates for workers in more trade-exposed industries, and for the residents of more trade-exposed geographic regions. These adverse impacts were often largest for lower-skilled individuals. We show that domestic manufacturing employment declined much more in countries that saw a large growth of net imports from China (such as the UK and the US), than in countries that maintained relatively balanced trade with China (such as Germany and Switzerland). Drawing on a new analysis for the UK, we further show that trade with China contributed to job loss in manufacturing, but also to substantial declines in consumer prices. However, while the adverse labour market impacts were concentrated on specific groups of workers and regions, the consumer benefits from trade were widely dispersed in the population, and appear similarly large for high-income and low-income households. Globalisation has thus created pockets of losers, and recent evidence indicates that in addition to financial losses, residents of regions with greater exposure to import competition also suffer from higher crime rates, a deterioration of health outcomes, and a dissolution of traditional family structures. We argue that new import tariffs such as those imposed by the US in 2018 and 2019 are unlikely to help the losers from globalisation. Instead, displaced workers may be better supported by a combination of transfers to avert financial hardship, skills training that facilitate reintegration into the labour market, and place-based policies that stimulate job creation in depressed locations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Regional unterschiedliche Beschäftigungsentwicklung von Helfertätigkeiten (2021)
Kaufmann, Klara; Kotte, Volker; Schwengler, Barbara; Wiethölter, Doris;Zitatform
Kaufmann, Klara, Volker Kotte, Barbara Schwengler & Doris Wiethölter (2021): Regional unterschiedliche Beschäftigungsentwicklung von Helfertätigkeiten. (IAB-Forschungsbericht 10/2021), Nürnberg, 54 S.
Abstract
"Im vorliegenden Bericht betrachten wir die Beschäftigungsentwicklung der Helfertätigkeiten, für die in der Regel kein Berufsabschluss erforderlich ist, für die Jahre 2015 bis 2019. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Zahl der Beschäftigten, die Helfer- oder Anlerntätigkeiten ausübten, in dem betrachteten Zeitraum überdurchschnittlich gestiegen ist. Zu einem großen Teil wurde die positive Beschäftigungsentwicklung von ausländischen Beschäftigten getragen, und hier vor allem von Staatsangehörigen aus den acht Hauptasylherkunftsländern, die im betrachteten Zeitraum erstmals eine Beschäftigung aufnehmen konnten. Die Entwicklung der Helfertätigkeiten verlief im Bundesländervergleich recht unterschiedlich. Grund dafür sind unterschiedliche Branchenstrukturen. Hier zeigen sich einige markante Unterschiede zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland sowie zwischen Städten und ländlichen Räumen. Während in Westdeutschland der Anstieg an Helfertätigkeiten im Baugewerbe deutlich stärker ausfiel als in den östlichen Bundesländern, waren in Ostdeutschland im Bereich Verkehr und Lagerei die höchsten Zuwächse zu verzeichnen. Zudem fiel in den östlichen Bundesländern die prozentuale Zunahme im Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen und bei den sonstigen Dienstleistungen deutlich höher aus als in Westdeutschland. Die Covid-19-Pandemie ab dem Jahr 2020 traf dann Helfertätigkeiten vergleichsweise stark und führte zu einem Beschäftigungsrückgang von 2019 bis 2020 von 2,4 Prozent, während vor allem die Spezialisten- und Expertentätigkeiten Beschäftigungszuwächse verzeichneten. Grund hierfür ist, dass bestimmte Branchen stark von der Corona-Krise betroffen waren, in denen viele Helfer beschäftigt sind, wie z.B. die wirtschaftsbezogenen Dienstleistungen, das Gastgewerbe sowie das Verarbeitende Gewerbe." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Entwicklung der Löhne und Arbeitsbedingungen in der Brief- und Paketzustellungsbranche: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 20/172) (2021)
Zitatform
(2021): Entwicklung der Löhne und Arbeitsbedingungen in der Brief- und Paketzustellungsbranche. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 20/172). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 20/299 (17.12.2021)), 17 S.
Abstract
Die Anfrage zur Entwicklung der Löhne und Arbeitsbedingungen in der Brief- und Paketzustellungsbranche beruht auf Berichten über die schlechte Bezahlung und Arbeitsbedingungen in dieser stark gewachsenen Branche. Die acht Detailfragen betreffen die Entwicklung der Bruttomonatsentgelte für die Ziffern H532/H531, die Zahl der Beschäftigten (WZ 53.1 und WZ 53.2), den Anteil der Niedriglohnbezieher und die Zahl der 'Aufstocker' seit dem Jahr 2009. Gefragt wird darüber hinaus nach einer Überprüfung der Wirkung des Paketboten-Schutz-Gesetzes nach Inkrafttreten am 23. November 2019 (Stichwort: Generalunternehmerhaftung in der Paketdienstbranche) und schließlich nach der Anzahl der Kontrollen in der betreffenden Branche durch die Finanzkontrolle Schwarzarbeit. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
Geographical variation in wages of workers in low-wage service occupations: A U.S. metropolitan area analysis (2019)
Grimes, Donald R.; Walker, Mary Beth; Prime, Penelope B.;Zitatform
Grimes, Donald R., Penelope B. Prime & Mary Beth Walker (2019): Geographical variation in wages of workers in low-wage service occupations. A U.S. metropolitan area analysis. In: Economic Development Quarterly, Jg. 33, H. 2, S. 121-133. DOI:10.1177/0891242419836493
Abstract
"Low-wage, service-providing occupations accounted for almost half of all U.S. net job growth between 2006 and 2016. The authors study the variation in wages of low-wage service employees across U.S. metropolitan statistical areas, using cross-sectional estimations for 2016 for the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentile wage rates. New data are used to examine the impact of different cost-of-living adjustments on model results, arguing that the preferred adjustment separates housing costs from other costs. The main results are that strong labor market conditions positively contribute to real wages in most of the categories; minimum wages contribute positively to the 10th percentile of four occupations with evidence of influencing higher wages in the 50th and 90th percentiles; and using the authors' cost-of-living adjustment and controlling for housing costs, the presence of an educated population did not substantially raise wages in the four low-wage, low-skill occupations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unsichere Arbeit: Sorgen und Ängste von Beschäftigten im Gastgewerbe nach Einführung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns (2019)
Herok, Stefanie; Himmelreicher, Ralf; Spahn, Dorina;Zitatform
Herok, Stefanie, Ralf Himmelreicher & Dorina Spahn (2019): Unsichere Arbeit. Sorgen und Ängste von Beschäftigten im Gastgewerbe nach Einführung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns. In: C. Lübke & J. Delhey (Hrsg.) (2019): Diagnose Angstgesellschaft? : Was wir wirklich über die Gefühlslage der Menschen wissen, S. 137-164. DOI:10.14361/9783839446140-007
Abstract
"Um die Effekte der Einführung des Mindestlohns beurteilen zu können, werden Beschäftigte im Gastgewerbe im Hinblick auf ihre subjektive Lage und ihre Sorgen und Ängste befragt.
Zur Untersuchung dieser Thematik haben wir ein qualitatives Forschungsdesign gewählt, um die Beschäftigten im Gastgewerbe als soziale Akteure verstehen zu können. Das bedeutet, sie werden als '[...] handelnde, eigensinnige und ihr Leben mit Sinn erfüllende Subjekte' (Hürtgen/Voswinkel 2016: 503) in ihrer sozialen Wirklichkeit betrachtet. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden zunächst im zweiten Abschnitt theoretische Vorüberlegungen dargelegt und darauf basierend drei Forschungsfragen abgeleitet. Der dritte Abschnitt skizziert in Form eines Branchenbildes die Besonderheiten von Beschäftigungsverhältnissen im Gastgewerbe. Anschließend werden das qualitative Forschungsdesign und die benutzte Auswertungsmethode beschrieben. Der fünfte und zentrale Abschnitt stellt die empirischen Befunde zur subjektiven Lage und zu den Sorgen und Ängsten der Beschäftigten im Gastgewebe dar. Abschließend werden die subjektiven Einschätzungen der Befragten zusammenfassend bewertet und sozial- und arbeitsmarktpolitische Handlungsfelder adressiert." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)Weiterführende Informationen
Open Access -
Literaturhinweis
She works hard for the money: tackling low pay in sectors dominated by women – evidence from health and social care (2019)
Müller, Torsten;Zitatform
Müller, Torsten (2019): She works hard for the money: tackling low pay in sectors dominated by women – evidence from health and social care. (European Trade Union Institute. Working paper 2019,11), Brüssel, 27 S.
Abstract
"The author is very grateful to Lena Hipp from the Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB) for her contributions to this report; beyond compiling, processing and analysing the statistical data in chapter two, her expertise and insight into the subject were invaluable. This report benefits greatly from the input from trade union experts; the author thanks the trade union representatives from across Europe who replied to the questionnaire. A special thank you goes to Maria Hansson from Kommunal in Sweden, Kim Øst-Jacobsen from FOA in Denmark, Jorma Peussa from JHL in Finland and to Alexa Wolfstädter from Ver.di in Germany for the time they took for more in-depth interviews. Finally, this report would not have been possible without the unwavering support of Richard Pond from EPSU throughout the process of researching and writing this report." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Niedriglöhne in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/5340) (2018)
Zitatform
(2018): Niedriglöhne in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/5340). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 19/6067 (28.11.2018)), 291 S.
Abstract
Die Bundesregierung antwortet auf die Anfrage der Fraktion DIE LINKE zu Niedriglöhnen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. (IAB)
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Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Theorie
- Politik und Maßnahmen
- Arbeitsmarkt- und Lohnentwicklung
- Arbeitswelt, Personalpolitik
- Personengruppen
- Wirtschaftszweige
- Geschlecht
- geografischer Bezug
- Alter