Evaluation der Arbeitsmarktpolitik
Arbeitsmarktpolitik soll neben der Wirtschafts- und Strukturpolitik sowie der Arbeitszeit- und Lohnpolitik einen Beitrag zur Bewältigung der Arbeitslosigkeit leisten. Aber ist sie dabei auch erfolgreich und stehen die eingebrachten Mittel in einem angemessenen Verhältnis zu den erzielten Wirkungen? Die Evaluationsforschung geht der Frage nach den Beschäftigungseffekten und den sozialpolitischen Wirkungen auf individueller und gesamtwirtschaftlicher Ebene nach. Das Dossier bietet weiterführende Informationen zu Evaluationsmethoden und den Wirkungen von einzelnen Maßnahmen für verschiedene Zielgruppen.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Grundlagenbeiträge
- Methoden und Datensatzbeschreibungen
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Typologie der Maßnahmen
- Institutionen der Arbeitsförderung
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Vermittlung und Beratung
- Prozessoptimierung
- Profiling und Case Management, Eingliederungsvereinbarung
- Unterstützung bei der Arbeitsuche
- Vermittlung durch Dritte
- Vermittlung von Beziehern von Bürgergeld, Sozialhilfe oder Arbeitslosengeld II
- Zusammenarbeit von Arbeits- und Sozialverwaltung
- Job-Center
- Personal-Service-Agentur
- Zeitarbeit
- (gemeinnützige) Arbeitnehmerüberlassung
- Vermittlungsgutscheine
- Berufsberatung
- Aus- und Weiterbildung
- Subventionierung von Beschäftigung
- Öffentlich geförderte Beschäftigung
- Transfer- und Mobilitätsmaßnahmen
- berufliche Rehabilitation
- Lohnersatzleistungen / Einkommensunterstützung
- Altersteilzeit und Vorruhestand
- Sonstiges
- Typologie der Arbeitslosen
- besondere Personengruppen
- Geschlecht
- Geografischer Bezug
- Alter
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Literaturhinweis
Do the Long-Term Unemployed Benefit from Automated Occupational Advice during Online Job Search? (2025)
Zitatform
Belot, Michèle, Philipp Kircher & Paul Muller (2025): Do the Long-Term Unemployed Benefit from Automated Occupational Advice during Online Job Search? In: The Economic Journal, S. 1-34. DOI:10.1093/ej/ueaf041
Abstract
"In a randomized field experiment, we provide suggestions about suitable occupations to long-term unemployed job seekers. The suggestions are automatically generated, integrated in an online job search platform, and fed into actual search queries. Effects on ‘reaching a cumulative earnings threshold’ and ‘finding a stable job’ are positive, large, and are more pronounced for those who are longer unemployed. Treated individuals include more occupations in their search and find more jobs in recommended occupations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Social Security, Gender and Class: The impacts of the Universal Credit Conditionality Regime on Unpaid Care and Paid Work (2024)
Zitatform
Andersen, Kate (2024): Social Security, Gender and Class: The impacts of the Universal Credit Conditionality Regime on Unpaid Care and Paid Work. In: Social Policy and Society, S. 1-16. DOI:10.1017/S1474746424000071
Abstract
"The introduction of Universal Credit, a new means-tested benefit for working-aged people in the UK, entails a significant expansion of welfare conditionality. Due to mothers’ disproportionate responsibility for unpaid care, women are particularly affected by the new conditionality regime for parents who have the primary responsibility for the care of dependent children. This article draws upon qualitative longitudinal research with twenty-four mothers subject to the new conditionality regime to analyze the gendered impacts of this new policy and whether there is variation in experiences according to social class. The analysis demonstrates that the new conditionality regime devalues unpaid care and is of limited efficacy in improving sustained moves into paid work. It also shows that the negative gendered impacts of the conditionality within Universal Credit are at times exacerbated for working-class mothers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Explaining the abolition of the wage stop in the UK (2024)
Zitatform
Grover, Chris (2024): Explaining the abolition of the wage stop in the UK. In: The Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, Jg. 32, H. 1, S. 47-64. DOI:10.1332/175982723x17029202968181
Abstract
"Before the introduction of the household benefit cap in the UK in 2013 the previous mechanism there limited the income of social assistance recipients was the wage stop, operating for four decades between 1935 and 1975. Similar to the benefit cap, the wage stop reflected and reproduced concerns with incentivising unemployed people to labour. This raises questions about why the wage stop was abolished in the mid-1970s when worries about unemployment continued, particularly its intersections with out-of-work benefits. It is widely argued that the abolition of the wage stop was a consequence of lobbying by the Child Poverty Action Group. Drawing upon records held at the UK’s National Archives, this article argues that this is an over-simplified explanation that, first, ignores concerns with the wage stop that pre-dated the Child Poverty Action Group’s criticism of it, including concerns within the assistance boards with its administration. And, second, while by the mid-1970s there was (albeit ambiguous) concern with the impacts of the wage stop, there was a shift in approach that emphasised the supplementation of low wages with social security benefits, rather than forcing social assistance below the assessed needs of households, as being a preferable means of ensuring the incentive to take wage-labour." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Policy Press) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How Far from Full Employment? The European Unemployment Problem Revisited (2024)
Zitatform
Gökten, Meryem, Philipp Heimberger & Andreas Lichtenberger (2024): How Far from Full Employment? The European Unemployment Problem Revisited. (WIIW working paper 245), Wien, 44 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyses deviations from full employment in EU countries, compared with the US and the UK. We apply the Beveridge (full-employment-consistent) rate of unemployment (BECRU), derived from the unemployment-vacancies relationship. The BECRU is the level of unemployment that minimizes the non-productive use of labor. Based on a novel dataset for the period 1970-2022, we find full employment episodes in selected EU countries (Germany, Sweden, Austria, Finland) during the 1970s. The European unemployment problem emerged in the 1980s and 1990s, as Beveridgean full employment gaps increased. In the run-up to the global financial crisis, full employment gaps declined, then increased during the Great Recession. Slack in labor markets increased initially during the pandemic. Labour markets became tighter when recovering from the COVID-19 crisis, but few countries hit full employment. Panel regressions highlight that hysteresis, labor market institutions, structural factors, macroeconomic factors and political factors contribute to explaining full employment gaps." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
'You had to be the Detective': Implementing Workfare in British Employment Services (2024)
Zitatform
Redman, Jamie, Del Roy Fletcher, Richard White & Lindsey Mccarthy (2024): 'You had to be the Detective': Implementing Workfare in British Employment Services. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 53, H. 4, S. 897-915. DOI:10.1017/S0047279422000733
Abstract
"British employment service delivery has shifted towards a model primed on core ‘workfare’ objectives – that is, enforcing behavioral compliance to work-related duties and expanding participation in work. Nevertheless, significant gaps remain in current knowledge about how workfare is implemented daily by frontline staff. The existing international street-level research on employment service delivery reveals how workers use a range of discretionary practices to achieve workfare objectives. Yet this research largely ignores how, in practice, a key aspect of enforcing behavioral compliance and encouraging work participation is through contending with its opposite – behavioral non-compliance. Analyzing 13 interviews with frontline staff, this article contributes to street-level knowledge by revealing the ways managers and workers in British employment services are encouraged to detect and correct variations of claimant non-compliance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The end of welfare states as we know them? A multidimensional perspective (2024)
Sowula, Jakub ; Gehrig, Franziska; Scruggs, Lyle A. ; Ramalho Tafoya, Gabriela ; Seeleib-Kaiser, Martin;Zitatform
Sowula, Jakub, Franziska Gehrig, Lyle A. Scruggs, Martin Seeleib-Kaiser & Gabriela Ramalho Tafoya (2024): The end of welfare states as we know them? A multidimensional perspective. In: Social Policy and Administration, Jg. 58, H. 5, S. 785-799. DOI:10.1111/spol.12990
Abstract
"This article highlights the limitations of unidimensional analyses in the comparative welfare state literature and emphasises the need for a more holistic, multidimensional approach incorporating social spending, welfare state outputs and outcomes. To illustrate the utility of a multidimensional approach, we examine the long‐term welfare state trajectories of Sweden and Germany, prototypical social‐democratic and conservative welfare states, respectively, and compare them against the baseline of Europe's prototypical liberal welfare state, the United Kingdom. The social spending (expenditure) and output (generosity) allowed us to identify significant changes in the Swedish welfare state (i.e., retrenchment). The outcome dimension alerts us to a policy drift in the German Welfare State, as relatively stable public spending and welfare generosity until the first half of the 2000s were nonetheless associated with sharply increased inequality and poverty. Overall, our findings suggest that a holistic, multidimensional approach is necessary to fully understand the complexities of welfare state change and continuity, as focusing solely on one dimension can lead to analytical misjudgments. The sharp rise in inequality and poverty across countries raises doubts about whether policymakers and researchers rely too much on outdated assumptions of normality that fail to meet the welfare state realities of today." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Persistence in Gendering: Work-Family Policy in Britain since Beveridge (2023)
Zitatform
Chanfreau, Jenny (2023): The Persistence in Gendering: Work-Family Policy in Britain since Beveridge. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 52, S. 981-998. DOI:10.1017/S0047279422000125
Abstract
"Understanding the historical policy pathways that have led to the constellation of policies that both reflect and shape the current gender order can reveal reasons for the persistence of gender inequality in paid work and unpaid family care. Bringing together existing research and policy critique with Carol Bacchi’s framework of policy as ‘gendering practices’, this paper focuses on the role of policy as a process that constructs and upholds an unequal gender order. The discussion traces how UK social policies have since the establishment of the post-war welfare state articulated and positioned gendered possibilities for combining paid work and childrearing, shaping gendered and classed work-family life courses. The analysis illustrates that British social policy has not been consistently committed to a more equal gender regime but instead maintained a heteronormative family ideal and thus, despite various policy changes, the gendering of ‘the worker’ and ‘the parent’ as conceptualised in UK policy has persisted over the last several decades." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employer Participation in Active Labour Market Policies in the United Kingdom and Denmark: The Effect of Employer Associations as Social Networks and the Mediating Role of Collective Voice (2023)
Zitatform
Valizade, Danat, Jo Ingold & Mark Stuart (2023): Employer Participation in Active Labour Market Policies in the United Kingdom and Denmark: The Effect of Employer Associations as Social Networks and the Mediating Role of Collective Voice. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 37, H. 4, S. 991-1012. DOI:10.1177/09500170211063094
Abstract
"Active labour market policies (ALMPs) have evolved as pivotal social policy instruments designed to place the unemployed and other disadvantaged groups in sustainable employment. Yet, little is known about what drives employer participation in such initiatives. This article provides a nuanced account of the socio-economic aspects of the demand-side of ALMPs, by investigating employer embeddedness in wider social networks created by employer associations and employee collective voice as enabling mechanisms for employer participation in ALMPs. Drawing on an original survey of employers in the United Kingdom (UK) and Denmark, we found that the extent of employer embeddedness in such social networks is positively associated with employer participation in the UK but not in Denmark, where the effect was indirect and mediated through collective bargaining. The effects of employer network ties and employee collective voice affirm the importance of a more integrated analysis of the interactions between network ties and institutions in ALMP research." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Das arbeitslose Subjekt: Genealogie einer Sozialfigur in Großbritannien und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nach dem Boom (2023)
Wiede, Wiebke;Zitatform
Wiede, Wiebke (2023): Das arbeitslose Subjekt. Genealogie einer Sozialfigur in Großbritannien und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nach dem Boom. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 492 S.
Abstract
"Das Buch befasst sich mit der Geschichte der Massenarbeitslosigkeit in Westeuropa seit den 1970er Jahren am Beispiel der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und Großbritanniens. Es problematisiert die Wechselwirkungen von ökonomischen Zwängen, politisch-rechtlichen Regulierungen und den Handlungen und Vorstellungen von Arbeitslosen. Aus deren Perspektive zeichnet Wiebke Wiede die sozialen Zumutungen und sozialen Effekte von Arbeitslosigkeit nach. Die Studie liefert einen grundlegenden Beitrag zur zeithistorischen Erforschung von Deindustrialisierung und Subjektivierung "nach dem Boom"." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht)
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis von der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek -
Literaturhinweis
Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change (2022)
Zitatform
Ferragina, Emanuele & Federico Danilo Filetti (2022): Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 148-165. DOI:10.1177/09589287211056222
Abstract
"We measure and interpret the evolution of labour market protection across 21 high-income countries over three decades, employing as conceptual foundations the ‘regime varieties’ and ‘trajectories of change’ developed by Esping-Andersen, Estevez-Abe, Hall and Soskice, and Thelen. We measure labour market protection considering four institutional dimensions – employment protection, unemployment protection, income maintenance and activation – and the evolution of the workforce composition. This measurement accounts for the joint evolution of labour market institutions, their complementarities and their relation to outcomes, and mitigate the unrealistic Average Production Worker assumption. We handle the multi-dimensional nature of labour market protection with Principal Component Analysis and capture the characteristics of countries’ trajectories of change with a composite score. We contribute to the literature in three ways. (1) We portray a revised typology that accounts for processes of change between 1990 and 2015, and that clusters regime varieties on the basis of coordination and solidarity levels, that is, Central/Northern European, Southern European, liberal. (2) We illustrate that, despite a persistent gap, a large majority of Coordinated Market Economies experiencing a decline in the level of labour market protection became more similar to Liberal Market Economies. (3) We develop a fivefold taxonomy of countries’ trajectories of change (liberalization, dualization, flexibility, de-dualization and higher protection), showing that these trajectories are not always path-dependent and consistent with regime varieties previously developed in the literature." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Violent bureaucracy: A critical analysis of the British public employment service (2022)
Zitatform
Redman, Jamie & Del Roy Fletcher (2022): Violent bureaucracy: A critical analysis of the British public employment service. In: Critical Social Policy, Jg. 42, H. 2, S. 306-326. DOI:10.1177/02610183211001766
Abstract
"Between 2010–2015, the Coalition’s pursuit of a radical austerity programme saw Britain’s Jobcentre Plus experience some of the most punitive reforms and budget cuts in its history. Focusing on the outcomes of these reforms, a growing body of research has found that claiming processes became a more ‘institutionally violent’ and injurious experience for out-of-work benefit claimants. The present article draws upon ideas, developed by Bauman (1989), which focus on the processes that facilitate ‘institutional violence’. We use this framework to analyse ten interviews with front-line workers and managers in public/contractor employment services. In doing so, we expose an array of policy tools and hidden managerial methods used during the Coalition administration which encouraged front-line staff to deliver services in ways that led to a range of harmful outcomes for benefit claimants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Decent Work in Scotland, an Agenda-Setting Analysis (2021)
Zitatform
Pautz, Hartwig, Sally A. Wright & Chik Collins (2021): Decent Work in Scotland, an Agenda-Setting Analysis. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 50, H. 1, S. 40-58. DOI:10.1017/S0047279419000916
Abstract
"This article uses John Kingdon's multiple streams framework as an analytical tool to consider how the policy issue of 'job quality', in the guises of 'decent work' and 'fair work', developed a 'career' in Scotland between 2013 and 2017. The aim is to understand why, despite the efforts of a variety of policy entrepreneurs and the openness of the Scottish Government to this policy problem, job quality did not arrive on the Scottish Government's decision agenda. The article finds that the crucial 'policy window' did not open due to the 2016 'Brexit' decision dramatically changing the political landscape. The article demonstrates the applicability of Kingdon's framework for agenda-setting analysis in a parliamentary environment and constitutes a rare application of the framework to a 'live' policy issue. The authors were involved in a research and advocacy project on 'decent work' that was undertaken in Scotland during 2015 and 2016 and therefore were amongst the policy entrepreneurs seeking to place job quality on the Scottish Government's agenda." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries (2018)
Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier; Intxaurburu, Gurutze; Alsasua, Jesús-Luis; Ullibarri-Arce, Miren;Zitatform
Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier, Jesús-Luis Alsasua, Gurutze Intxaurburu & Miren Ullibarri-Arce (2018): Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries. In: Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Jg. 31, H. 3, S. 207-226. DOI:10.1080/13511610.2017.1384366
Abstract
"The elements that we usually include under the concept of 'labour market institutions' exert a clear influence on the workings of the labour market. However, the assessment of labour market policies and institutions remains mostly focused on their impact on the quantity of jobs, while people's well-being depends crucially on how good their jobs are. This paper is a modest attempt to contribute some evidence and insight to the debate on the effects that particular institutional configurations have on the generation of high-quality employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Flexicurity and the dynamics of the welfare state adjustments (2018)
Zitatform
Bubak, Oldrich (2018): Flexicurity and the dynamics of the welfare state adjustments. In: Transfer, Jg. 24, H. 4, S. 387-404. DOI:10.1177/1024258918781732
Abstract
"Die Verwerfungen der jüngsten globalen Finanzkrise verstärkten mehrere der schon vorhandenen industriellen und ökonomischen Herausforderungen und schoben eine Reihe von oftmals widersprüchlichen Lösungsansätzen in den Vordergrund. In diesem Artikel konzentrieren wir uns auf zwei unterschiedliche Sichtweisen, wie ökonomische Wettbewerbsfähigkeit (wieder) hergestellt und Wachstum ermöglicht werden kann: Flexicurity und Austeritätspolitik. Über die Zukunft dieser widersprüchlichen 'Rezepte' kann im Vergleich von unterschiedlichen politischen Ökonomien viel gelernt werden, insbesondere in Anbetracht der Bedeutung der Sozialpartner bei der Entwicklung von Flexicurity und ihrer unterschiedlichen Fähigkeit, die Ergebnisse von Wohlfahrtsstaaten breiter zu beeinflussen. Es stellen sich zwei Fragen. Was können wir über die Dynamik der permanenten Anpassungen des Wohlfahrtsstaates lernen, wenn wir auf die Rolle und Kapazität der Sozialpartner achten? Wie kann sinnvolle Arbeitsmarktpolitik in diesem paradoxen Umfeld aussehen? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen untersuchen wir das Vereinigte Königreich - mit seiner eher bescheidenen Sozial- und Beschäftigungssicherheit - und Dänemark, das Musterbeispiel für Flexicurity. Die Unterschiede in den Philosophien, bei der Entwicklung ihrer Institutionen und den organisationalen Interaktionen dieser beiden Staaten erklären nicht nur ihre jeweiligen Entscheidungen nach dem Ausbruch der Krise, sondern auch ihre Erwartungen an sozial orientierte Arbeitsmarktpolitik." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Hysteresis and labour market institutions: evidence from the UK and the Netherlands (2018)
Rodriguez-Gil, Antonio;Zitatform
Rodriguez-Gil, Antonio (2018): Hysteresis and labour market institutions. Evidence from the UK and the Netherlands. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 55, H. 4, S. 1985-2025. DOI:10.1007/s00181-017-1338-y
Abstract
"This paper uses data for the UK and the Netherlands (1983q4 - 2011q4) to test if hysteresis occurs in these economies, and through what mechanisms. The novelty of the paper resides in the use of a VAR-IRF that encompasses previous hysteresis studies, using long-term unemployment, productivity, capital stock and real long-term interest rates, and in the use of specific Labour Market Institutions shocks, such as benefits, taxation or unions' power. This allows us to disentangle what specific demand and supply-variables affect unemployment in the long-run, i.e. the NAIRU. Our findings suggest that there is hysteresis in both countries, and that it happens through several channels. Further, we find that the influence of Labour Market Institutions on unemployment depend on their impact on the real wages-productivity gap. These results have implications for structural and macroeconomic policies that we also discuss. Finally, we investigate the impact of different supply and demand-shock on long-term unemployment and discuss the relevant policy implications." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Disobedient workers, the law and the making of unemployment markets (2017)
Zitatform
Adkins, Lisa (2017): Disobedient workers, the law and the making of unemployment markets. In: Sociology, Jg. 51, H. 2, S. 290-305. DOI:10.1177/0038038515598276
Abstract
"This article concerns workfare and especially mandatory work activities for the unemployed. It focuses on the UK government's Work Programme and recent challenges regarding its lawfulness. Drawing on the resources of actor network theory, and especially the economization approach to the study of markets, it outlines how the Work Programme is configuring a market for the labour of the unemployed, including a space of calculation in regard to that labour. The argument advanced is that the law and its instruments are part of the process of market making, contributing to both its design and calibration. This article therefore locates the law as an actor involved in the assembly of a market for the labour of the unemployed. It also foregrounds what is missing from recent debates on workfare, namely, an account of how the activities of the unemployed are configured and framed as labouring activities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The 2015 ESA trials: A synthesis (2017)
Moran, Martin;Zitatform
Moran, Martin (2017): The 2015 ESA trials. A synthesis. (DWP ad hoc research report 49), London, 85 S.
Abstract
"This report summarises the evaluations of three trials that formed part of a package of support for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) claimants launched in spring 2015, namely, Voluntary Early Intervention (VEI), Claimant Commitment (CC) and More Intensive Support (MIS).
The evaluation of these trials comprised qualitative interviews with both Work Coaches and trial participants as well as observations of the meetings that they held with each other. Quantitative analysis of both the processes underpinning the trials and participants outcomes was also carried out.
We did not find evidence that VEI led to participants moving off benefits and into employment more rapidly. MIS however, has led to participants spending an average 3.2 fewer days on benefits in the 12 months following recruitment to the trial. The physiotherapy service had a high level of interest amongst people who were eligible but the number of eligible people was low. The OHA service, when used, was often valued and appreciated, notably by less experienced Work Coaches. On the CC trial, many Work Coaches found that the CC form helped structure conversations and allowed them to track progress better than they would have done with an Action Plan (the predecessor to a CC)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
'Best of Both Worlds'? A comparison of third sector providers in health care and welfare-to-work markets in Britain (2016)
Zitatform
Heins, Elke & Hayley Bennett (2016): 'Best of Both Worlds'? A comparison of third sector providers in health care and welfare-to-work markets in Britain. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 50, H. 1, S. 39-58. DOI:10.1111/spol.12126
Abstract
"This article compares the welfare markets in primary health care and 'welfare-to-work' in the UK since the late 1990s. A longitudinal comparison of two different policy areas enables us to study the context in which marketization and the resulting shift of welfare provision takes place. We outline the general background of the market-based reforms and highlight in what way policymakers have ascribed third sector organizations (TSOs) a number of positive characteristics, particularly the ability to address concerns about well-known market failures. While consecutive governments promoted these organizations as welfare providers, case studies of two illustrative provider organizations in each policy area reveal a number of problems regarding their distinctiveness in increasingly competitive welfare markets.
We conclude that the crisp distinction made by policymakers between the third and other sectors as well as the alleged advantages of the former present a rather naïve picture of a complex reality and argue for a more critical view of third sector characteristics and performance. The third sector is not only characterized by a high degree of fuzziness at the boundaries to other sectors, but even within single organizations, which often undergo significant transformations over time. As a result, policy intentions and practical outcomes are contradictory with TSOs losing their alleged distinctiveness as players in increasingly competitive markets. Furthermore, we contend that detailed longitudinal studies of organizations are essential in the advancement of the discussion of the third sector concept as they provide conceptual insights into organizational change and behaviour." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Providing advice to job seekers at low cost: an experimental study on on-line advice (2015)
Zitatform
Belot, Michèle, Philipp Kircher & Paul Muller (2015): Providing advice to job seekers at low cost. An experimental study on on-line advice. (CESifo working paper 5641), München, 69 S.
Abstract
"Helping job seekers to identify suitable jobs is a key challenge for policy makers. We develop and evaluate experimentally a novel tool that provides tailored advice at low cost and thereby redesigns the process through which job seekers search for jobs. We invited 300 job seekers to our computer facilities for 12 consecutive weekly sessions. They searched for real jobs using our web interface. After 3 weeks, we introduced a manipulation of the interface for half of the sample: instead of relying on their own search criteria, we displayed relevant other occupations to them and the jobs that were available in these occupations. These suggestions were based on background information and readily available labor market data. We recorded search behavior on our site but also surveyed participants every week on their other search activities, applications and job interviews. We find that these suggestions broaden the set of jobs considered by the average participant. More importantly, we find that they are invited to significantly more job interviews. These effects are predominantly driven by job seekers who searched relatively narrowly initially and who have been unemployed for a few months." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Creaming and parking in quasi-marketised welfare-to-work schemes: designed out of or designed in to the UK work programme? (2015)
Zitatform
Carter, Eleanor & Adam Whitworth (2015): Creaming and parking in quasi-marketised welfare-to-work schemes. Designed out of or designed in to the UK work programme? In: Journal of social policy, Jg. 44, H. 2, S. 277-296. DOI:10.1017/S0047279414000841
Abstract
"'Creaming' and 'parking' are endemic concerns within quasi-marketised welfare-to-work (WTW) systems internationally, and the UK's flagship Work Programme for the long-term unemployed is something of an international pioneer of WTW delivery, based on outsourcing, payment by results and provider flexibility. In the Work Programme design, providers' incentives to 'cream' and 'park' differently positioned claimants are intended to be mitigated through the existence of nine payment groups (based on claimants' prior benefit type) into which different claimants are allocated and across which job outcome payments for providers differ. Evaluation evidence suggests however that 'creaming' and 'parking' practices remain common. This paper offers original quantitative insights into the extent of claimant variation within these payment groups, which, contrary to the government's intention, seem more likely to design in rather than design out 'creaming' and 'parking'. In response, a statistical approach to differential payment setting is explored and is shown to be a viable and more effective way to design a set of alternative and empirically grounded payment groups, offering greater predictive power and value-for-money than is the case in the current Work Programme design." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Contracting-out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (2015)
Considine, Mark; Graziano, Paolo R.; Knuth, Matthias ; Fuertes, Vanesa ; Zimmermann, Katharina ; Whitworth, Adam ; Aurich, Patrizia; Taylor, Rebecca ; Berkel, Rik van ; Nguyen, Phuc ; O'Sullivan, Siobhan; Rees, James ; Carter, Elle; Shutes, Isabel ; Benish, Avishai ; Struyven, Ludo ;Zitatform
Considine, Mark & Siobhan O'Sullivan (2015): Contracting-out welfare services. Comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance. (Broadening Perspectives on social policy), Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 173 S.
Abstract
Contracting-out Welfare Services focuses on the design and overhaul of welfare-to-work systems around the world in the light of the radical re-design of the welfare system; internationally based authors utilise a national/program case study, considering employment services policy and activation practices.
Content:
Mark Considine; Siobhan O'Sullivan: Introduction: Contracting out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (1-9);
Katharina Zimmermann, Patrizia Aurich, Paolo R. Graziano, Vanesa Fuertes: Local worlds of marketization - employment policies in Germany, Italy and the UK compared (11-32);
Ludo Struyven: Varieties of market competition in public employment services - a comparison of the emergence and evolution of the new system in Australia, the Netherlands and Belgium (33-53);
Mark Considine, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Phuc Nguyen: Governance, Boards of directors and the impact of contracting on not-for-profits organizations - an Australian study (55-74);
Rik van Berkel: Quasi-markets and the delivery of activation - a frontline perspective (75-90);
Isabel Shutes, Rebecca Taylor: Conditionality and the financing of employment services - implications for the social divisions of work and welfare (91-108);
James Rees, Adam Whitworth, Elle Carter: Support for all in the UK work programme? Differential payments, same old problem (109-128);
Matthias Knuth: Broken hierarchies, quasi-markets and supported networks - a governance experiment in the second tier of Germany's Public employment service (129-150);
Avishai Benish: The public accountability of privatized activation - the case of Israel (151-166). -
Literaturhinweis
UK labour market policy then and now (2015)
Mayhew, Ken;Zitatform
Mayhew, Ken (2015): UK labour market policy then and now. In: Oxford review of economic policy, Jg. 31, H. 2, S. 199-216. DOI:10.1093/oxrep/grv017
Abstract
"This article considers the evolution of UK labour market policy during the last 30 years. It does this through the lens of the 'social model'. The social model encompasses the employment relations system, the social welfare system, and the education and training system. It was changed dramatically by the Thatcher and Major governments. The succeeding Labour and Coalition governments largely embraced this new model and, in some ways, increased the pace of change. The consequences for labour market performance - employment, unemployment, productivity, and inequality - are explored." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Reading active labour market policy politically: an autonomist analysis of Britain's Work Programme and Mandatory Work Activity (2015)
Zitatform
Wiggan, Jay (2015): Reading active labour market policy politically. An autonomist analysis of Britain's Work Programme and Mandatory Work Activity. In: Critical social policy, Jg. 35, H. 3, S. 369-392. DOI:10.1177/0261018315588231
Abstract
"Drawing on Autonomist Marxist theory this article situates the 2010 - 15 Conservative - Liberal Coalition government's active labour market policy as the most recent phase in a state 'strategy of underdevelopment' (Cleaver, 1977) to erode the autonomy of labour power and facilitate a reconfiguration of labour and work to impose (competition for) undesirable jobs on the terms and conditions offered by capital (Peck, 2001: 349). The article contends that Mandatory Work Activity and the Work Programme facilitate a pattern of differentiated activation, where segmentation and stratification of the non-employed population (re)produces an insecure, disciplined, segmented and stratified labour power for insecure, segmented, stratified labour markets. From the perspective of capital and the state the differential job outcomes associated with these programmes are less a mark of policy failure than of policy success." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employment and skills strategies in England, United Kingdom (2015)
Zitatform
(2015): Employment and skills strategies in England, United Kingdom. (OECD reviews on local job creation), Paris, 107 S. DOI:10.1787/9789264228078-en
Abstract
"This report delivers evidence-based and practical recommendations on how to better support employment and economic development in England. It builds on sub-national data analysis and consultations with local stakeholders in Nottingham and North Nottinghamshire in the East Midlands as well as Hull and Scarborough in Yorkshire and the Humber. It provides a comparative framework to understand the role of the local level in contributing to more and better quality jobs. The report can help national and local policy makers in England and the UK build effective and sustainable partnerships at the local level, which join-up efforts and achieve stronger outcomes across employment, training, and economic development policies. Co-ordinated policies can help workers find suitable jobs, while also stimulating entrepreneurship and productivity, which increases the quality of life and prosperity within a community as well as throughout the country." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effect of temporary in-work support on employment retention: evidence from a field experiment (2014)
Zitatform
Dorsett, Richard (2014): The effect of temporary in-work support on employment retention. Evidence from a field experiment. In: Labour economics, Jg. 31, H. December, S. 61-71. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2014.10.002
Abstract
"A recent experimental programme for unemployed welfare recipients in the UK found that temporary earnings supplements combined with post-employment services led to a sustained rise in employment. This paper examines whether this was due to increases in employment entry or to reductions in employment exit. Using a hazard rate model, we find a significant effect on initial employment entry but not on subsequent transitions. The results also show that the length of a completed unemployment spell has a negative effect on the hazard of exit from the next unemployment spell. While the direct effect of the programme is to shorten the initial unemployment spell, an indirect effect arises due to this lagged duration dependence." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Interpreting the marketization of employment services in Great Britain and Denmark (2014)
Zitatform
Larsen, Flemming & Sharon Wright (2014): Interpreting the marketization of employment services in Great Britain and Denmark. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 24, H. 5, S. 455-469. DOI:10.1177/0958928714543903
Abstract
"Marketization is an important component of international shifts in the governance of employment services. Despite contrasting underlying welfare systems and employment services of different scales and character, both Denmark and Great Britain were distinct from many other comparable countries in contracting out employment services in the late-1990s. By comparing the starting positions and divergent trajectories of marketization in these two very different welfare systems, we see some common traits in how it so far has been difficult to make marketization deliver on its promises. We find in both cases difficulties for the contracted-employment services to reduce bureaucracy, save money through innovation, realize user choice, prevent poor quality services or increase efficiency/effectiveness through better job outcomes. Instead we find, paradoxically, that the market could not operate without re-regulation. In the absence of the intended effects, we furthermore question why policymakers in such different socio-political contexts continued to support the marketization strategy. The explanation is found in combination with wider governance and policy shifts, which have contributed towards altering the governance mix to reposition key actors and interests in ways that would have otherwise been contested." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of a time-limited, targeted in-work benefit in the medium-term: an evaluation of In Work Credit (2012)
Zitatform
Mike Brewer, Mike, James Browne, Haroon Chowdry & Claire Crawford (2012): The impact of a time-limited, targeted in-work benefit in the medium-term: an evaluation of In Work Credit. (ISER working paper 2012-04), Colchester, 41 S.
Abstract
"Conventional in-work benefits (IWB) are means-tested, open to all workers with sufficiently low income, and usually paid without a time-limit. This paper evaluates an IWB with an alternative design that was aimed at lone parents in the UK and piloted in one third of the country, and that featured a time-limit, and was paid conditional on previous receipt of welfare. It increased flows off welfare and into work, and these positive effects did not diminish when recipients reached the 12 month time-limit for receiving the supplement. Job retention of recipients was good, but this cannot be attributed to the IWB." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Providing employers with incentives to train low-skilled workers: evidence from the UK employer training pilots (2011)
Zitatform
Abramovsky, Laura, Erich Battistin, Emla Fitzsimons, Alissa Goodman & Helen Simpson (2011): Providing employers with incentives to train low-skilled workers. Evidence from the UK employer training pilots. In: Journal of labor economics, Jg. 29, H. 1, S. 153-193. DOI:10.1086/656372
Abstract
"We use unique workplace and employee-level data to evaluate a major UK government pilot program to increase qualification-based, employer-provided training for low-qualified employees. We evaluate the program's effect using a difference-in-differences approach. Using data on eligible employers and workers we find noevidence of a statistically significant effect on the take-up of training in the first 3 years of the program. Our results suggest that the program involved a high level of deadweight and that improving the additionality of the subsequent national program is crucial if it is to make a significant contribution toward government targets to increase qualification levels." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employer engagement and Jobcentre Plus (2011)
Bellis, Anne; Sigala, Maria; Dewson, Sara;Zitatform
Bellis, Anne, Maria Sigala & Sara Dewson (2011): Employer engagement and Jobcentre Plus. (Department for Work and Pensions. Research report 742), London, 37 S.
Abstract
"Local Employment Partnerships (LEPs), introduced in 2007, aimed to increase the propensity of employers to recruit disadvantaged people into work and were part of a broader effort to connect workless individuals with vacancies, overcoming barriers to work and improving the job matching services offered by Jobcentre Plus and its partners. LEPs were originally aimed at disadvantaged jobseekers who had been out of work for six months or more or who fell into a Jobcentre Plus priority group. The policy emphasis changed with the recession to include newly unemployed Jobseeker's Allowance customers.
The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) commissioned the Institute for Employment Studies to evaluate LEPs. This evaluation has centred around two waves of qualitative interviews with a range of personnel: national Jobcentre Plus, DWP and Learning and Skills Council (LSC) staff; Jobcentre Plus district and local staff in eight areas in England, Scotland and Wales; local and national employers; customers; and training providers and other stakeholders at a district level. The main aims of the research were to explore the successful elements of LEPs, to ascertain why employers had engaged with LEPs and what they had gained from doing so, to look at the impact of LEPs on partnership working and to determine which customers had benefited from taking part. The research also examined the introduction, implementation and organisation of LEPs at national, district and local levels." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
The Department for Work and Pensions Social Cost-Benefit Analysis framework: methodologies for estimating and incorporating the wider social and economic impacts of work in Cost- Benefit Analysis of employment programmes (2010)
Fujiwara, Daniel;Zitatform
Fujiwara, Daniel (2010): The Department for Work and Pensions Social Cost-Benefit Analysis framework. Methodologies for estimating and incorporating the wider social and economic impacts of work in Cost- Benefit Analysis of employment programmes. (Department for Work and Pensions. Working paper 86), London, 86 S.
Abstract
"Assisting people into work has a wide range of benefits and knock-on effects for the economy and society as a whole. Recognising these effects is key for appraisals and evaluations of employment programmes. This report presents a framework incorporating the economic and social impacts of work into cost-benefit analysis of employment programmes. The report takes forward the recommendations on developing the cost-benefit analysis framework set out in the Department for Work and Pensions Working Paper No. 40." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labor market policy: a comparative view on the costs and benefits of labor market flexibility (2010)
Zitatform
Kahn, Lawrence M. (2010): Labor market policy. A comparative view on the costs and benefits of labor market flexibility. (IZA discussion paper 5100), Bonn, 36 S.
Abstract
"I review theories and evidence on wage-setting institutions and labor market policies in an international comparative context. These include collective bargaining, minimum wages, employment protection laws, unemployment insurance (UI), mandated parental leave, and active labor market policies (ALMPs). Since it is unlikely that an unregulated private sector would provide the income insurance these institutions do, these policies may enhance economic efficiency. However, to the extent that unemployment or resource misallocation results from such measures, these efficiency gains may be offset. Overall, Scandinavia and Central Europe follow distinctively more interventionist policies than the English speaking countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Possible explanations for such differences include vulnerability to external market forces and ethnic homogeneity. I then review evidence on the impacts of these policies and institutions. While the interventionist model appears to cause lower levels of wage inequality and high levels of job security to incumbent workers, it also in some cases leads to the relegation of new entrants (disproportionately women, youth and immigrants) as well as the less skilled to temporary jobs or unemployment. Making labor markets more flexible could bring these groups into the regular labor market to a greater extent, at the expense of higher levels of economic insecurity for incumbents and higher levels of wage inequality. The Danish model of loosening employment protections while providing relatively generous UI benefits with strict job search requirements holds out the possibility of reducing barriers for new entrants and the less skilled while maintaining some level of income insurance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: CESifo working paper , 3140 -
Literaturhinweis
The effectiveness of European active labor market programs (2010)
Kluve, Jochen;Zitatform
Kluve, Jochen (2010): The effectiveness of European active labor market programs. In: Labour economics, Jg. 17, H. 6, S. 904-918. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2010.02.004
Abstract
"Active Labor Market Programs are widely used in European countries, but despite many econometric evaluation studies analyzing particular programs no conclusive cross-country evidence exists regarding 'what program works for what target group under what (economic and institutional) circumstances?'. This paper aims at answering this question using a meta-analysis based on a data set that comprises 137 program evaluations from 19 countries. The empirical results of the meta-analysis are surprisingly clear-cut: Rather than contextual factors such as labor market institutions or the business cycle, it is almost exclusively the program type that seems to matter for program effectiveness. While direct employment programs in the public sector frequently appear detrimental, wage subsidies and 'Services and Sanctions' can be effective in increasing participants' employment probability. Training programs - the most commonly used type of active policy - show modestly positive effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Jobseekers regime and flexible new deal, the six month offer and support for the newly unemployed evaluations: an early process study (2010)
Zitatform
Knight, Genevieve (2010): Jobseekers regime and flexible new deal, the six month offer and support for the newly unemployed evaluations. An early process study. (Department for Work and Pensions. Research report 624), London, 196 S.
Abstract
"This research explored the implementation and delivery of the Six Month Offer, Support for the Newly Unemployed and the first three stages of the enhanced Jobseekers Regime. Qualitative research was undertaken in nine Jobcentre Plus districts, two and five months after implementation in April 2009, to help understand the impact of these measures on Jobcentre Plus customers and staff. The research also involved a customer survey covering the first 13 weeks of a JSA claim, comparing the results of those subject to the enhanced regime with those experiencing the former JSA regime." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Support for newly unemployed and six month offer evaluations: a report on qualitative research findings (2010)
Vegeris, Sandra; Vowden, Kim; Husain, Fatima; Smeaton, Deborah; Mackinnon, Karen; Bertram, Christine; Davidson, Rosemary;Zitatform
Vegeris, Sandra, Kim Vowden, Christine Bertram, Rosemary Davidson, Fatima Husain, Karen Mackinnon & Deborah Smeaton (2010): Support for newly unemployed and six month offer evaluations. A report on qualitative research findings. (Great Britain, Department of Work and Pensions. Research report 691), London, 93 S.
Abstract
"This evaluation reports qualitative process study findings on Support for Newly Unemployed (SNU) and the Six Month Offer (6MO), extra help to claimants of Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) during the economic recession. The evidence was gathered in Jobcentre Plus offices throughout the first year of implementation. Separate studies were undertaken with service providers, employers and customer customers in SNU and 6MO support." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Evaluation of access to work: individual budget pilot strand (2009)
Aston, Jane;Zitatform
Aston, Jane (2009): Evaluation of access to work. Individual budget pilot strand. (Great Britain, Department of Work and Pensions. Research report 620), London, 134 S.
Abstract
"This report presents the findings of a qualitative evaluation of the provision of employment support and Access to Work (AtW) alongside Individual Budgets. It was one of three strands of an AtW evaluation which was commissioned by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), and carried out by Institute for Employment Studies. Individual Budgets were piloted in 13 local authorities across England, and a separate evaluation of these has been carried out for DWP. AtW was aligned, but not fully integrated, with Individual Budgets, and so AtW funds were not received by service users as part of their Individual Budgets. Alongside some of the processes involved in obtaining an Individual Budget, additional employment-related support was being piloted by DWP and Jobcentre Plus (referred to as 'the employment option'). The employment option centred around employment marketing leaflets from Jobcentre Plus; a four-page leaflet and a more detailed booklet." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Evaluation of access to work: core evaluation (2009)
Dewson, Sara; Hill, Darcy; Meager, Nigel; Willison, Rebecca;Zitatform
Dewson, Sara, Darcy Hill, Nigel Meager & Rebecca Willison (2009): Evaluation of access to work. Core evaluation. (Great Britain, Department of Work and Pensions. Research report 619), London, 98 S.
Abstract
"The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) commissioned the Institute for Employment Studies (IES) to undertake a qualitative evaluation of Access to Work (AtW) provision. AtW is designed for people with long-term health conditions or impairments who need extra practical support to gain or remain in work. The types of support provided by AtW includes: special aids and equipment; adaptations to premises and equipment; travel to work grants; support workers; and, communicator support at interview. Any help received from AtW is in addition to the reasonable adjustments made by employers in accordance with the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How well has the New Deal for Young People worked in the UK regions? (2009)
Zitatform
McVicar, Duncan & Jan M. Podivinsky (2009): How well has the New Deal for Young People worked in the UK regions? In: Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Jg. 56, H. 2, S. 167-195. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9485.2009.00479.x
Abstract
"The UK New Deal for Young People (NDYP) is a mandatory active labour market programme aimed at helping unemployed young people into jobs. This paper examines how the programme affected hazard rates for unemployment exits across the UK regions in its first few years. The regional focus is motivated by the belief that differences between regional labour markets, between claimants, and differences in implementation may have led to differences in programme outcomes. The paper shows that NDYP increased outflows from unemployment in all regions but that its impact was larger in some regions than in others. The paper also shows differential NDYP impacts across the regions on destination-specific hazard rates from unemployment to employment, to education/training, to inactivity and to 'other'. Possible explanations for these results are then discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job search assistance programs in Europe: evaluation methods and recent empirical findings (2009)
Zitatform
Thomsen, Stephan L. (2009): Job search assistance programs in Europe. Evaluation methods and recent empirical findings. (Universität Magdeburg, Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaft. Working paper 2009/18), Magdeburg, 42 S.
Abstract
"Job search assistance programs are part of active labor market policy in many countries. The main characteristics of these activities are an intensified counseling and a job search monitoring; in addition, several countries integrate courses teaching further skills into the programs. Job search assistance programs should help to increase the employment chances and to reduce the unemployment duration of the job seekers. In this paper, recent empirical findings from evaluation studies for 9 European countries are reviewed and implications with regard to the effectiveness of the activities are derived. To make the findings of various studies evaluating the different programs comparable, the methodological issues of the empirical approaches applied to estimate the causal effects of the programs are discussed in detail. In addition, relevant characteristics of the unemployment insurance systems, the assignment process, and the content of programs are presented to derive meaningful implications. The comparison of the programs takes account of individual effects and, if available, cost benefit considerations. The results show that job search assistance programs tend to provide an effective means to reduce individual unemployment, particularly if provided as combinations of intensive counseling and short-term training courses." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The longer-term impact of the New Deal for Young People (2008)
Beale, Ian; Bloss, Claire; Thomas, Andrew;Zitatform
Beale, Ian, Claire Bloss & Andrew Thomas (2008): The longer-term impact of the New Deal for Young People. (Department for Work and Pensions. Working paper 23), London, 118 S.
Abstract
"The New Deal for Young People (NDYP) was introduced in 12 Pathfinder areas during early 1998 and rolled out nationally from April 1998. The programme is mandatory and provides support for 18 to 24 year olds who have been unemployed and claiming Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) for six months. The NDYP is the largest government labour market programme with nearly 960,000 clients having started the programme by March 2005. There has been extensive evaluation of the immediate impact of the NDYP on individuals and the level of unemployment but relatively little research into its longer-term effect and the longer-term outcomes of participants. This paper seeks to fill this gap by addressing the following questions: What is the impact of the NDYP? Which of the NDYP's options is the best? Who performs best on the NDYP? To analyse these questions administrative databases have been used, including the Work and Pensions Longitudinal Study (WPLS) which brings together administrative benefit databases and employment databases from Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The matching method for treatment evaluation with selective participation and ineligibles (2008)
Zitatform
Costa Dias, Monica, Hidehiko Ichimura & Gerard J. van den Berg (2008): The matching method for treatment evaluation with selective participation and ineligibles. (IZA discussion paper 3280), Bonn, 36 S.
Abstract
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Literaturhinweis
Contracting out employment services to the third and private sectors: a critique (2008)
Davies, Steve;Zitatform
Davies, Steve (2008): Contracting out employment services to the third and private sectors. A critique. In: Critical social policy, Jg. 28, H. 2, S. 136-164. DOI:10.1177/0261018307087985
Abstract
"As part of its welfare reform strategy, the government has made increasing use of the private and third sector in the provision of employment-related services. Ministers claim that this results in better service for users and better value for money for the taxpayer. This article examines these claims for third and private sector superiority in service provision and, using the government's own evaluative reports, challenges this view. The article contends that there is little evidence to support the government's case for the wholesale embrace of contracting out employment services. Based on reviewing experience of previous projects, it argues that given the same flexibilities and financing routinely offered to contractors, in-house provision would match or surpass contractor performance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Pathways to work: Qualitative study of in-work support (2008)
Dixon, Josie; Warrener, Martha;Zitatform
Dixon, Josie & Martha Warrener (2008): Pathways to work: Qualitative study of in-work support. (Department for Work and Pensions. Research report 478), London, 76 S.
Abstract
"In Work Support (IWS) is one part of the package of support and services offered by the Pathways to Work programme. The IWS service ranges from 'light touch' after-care contact from an IWS adviser to in-depth specialist support services covering occupational health, mentoring, job-coaching, counselling and debt advice. This study was based upon in-depth interviews conducted with customers and providers of in-work support. The study found that Pathways IWS was frequently viewed as an important part of a 'jigsaw' of support or at least provided reassurance that support would be available if and when needed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Mandating Intensive Activity Period for jobseekers aged 50+: final report of the quantitative evaluation (2008)
Zitatform
Dorsett, Richard & Deborah Smeaton (2008): Mandating Intensive Activity Period for jobseekers aged 50+. Final report of the quantitative evaluation. (Department for Work and Pensions. Research report 500), London, 150 S.
Abstract
"This report contains findings from a quantitative evaluation of the effect of mandating the over-50s to participate in the Intensive Activity Period (IAP) phase of the New Deal 25 plus (ND25+). The results are based on a pilot study in 14 Jobcentre Plus districts. IAP provides focused assistance such as training opportunities and work placements to people entering ND25+. Prior to the pilot study, participation had been voluntary for customers aged 50+, in contrast to younger customers, for whom IAP participation had always been mandatory. Overall, customers experienced real gains from being mandated to participate in IAP. They were more likely to secure employment and this impact gradually increased over time. Mandated customers were also more likely to leave unemployment and while initially this was accompanied by a raised probability of transferring to other benefits such as Incapacity Benefit and Income Support, over the longer term this effect disappeared. Mandatory IAP was more effective for some groups than others. The impact was greatest for men, customers aged 50-55, those previously employed in manual jobs, the low qualified, customers without a partner and among those who had not previously contributed to a pension scheme. To some extent, therefore, the more disadvantaged customers gained the most from compulsory participation in the programme. As customers age, however, their ability, or willingness, to take advantage of the training or work experiences on offer declines." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Aktivierende Arbeitsmarktpolitik: Wie wirken Programme für erwerbsfähige Hilfeempfänger in anderen Ländern? (2008)
Fromm, Sabine; Sproß, Cornelia;Zitatform
Fromm, Sabine & Cornelia Sproß (2008): Aktivierende Arbeitsmarktpolitik: Wie wirken Programme für erwerbsfähige Hilfeempfänger in anderen Ländern? (IAB-Kurzbericht 04/2008), Nürnberg, 8 S.
Abstract
"In den meisten modernen Wohlfahrtsstaaten wurden Aktivierungspolitiken eingeführt, die den 'Hartz-IV'-Reformen hierzulande vergleichbar sind. Die Wirkungen von Programmen für erwerbsfähige Hilfeempfänger werden hier an den Beispielen Großbritannien, Dänemark, Schweden und Niederlande untersucht. Die Gewährung von Leistungen an erwerbsfähige Hilfeempfänger wird systematisch an die Pflicht zur Arbeitsuche bzw. Teilnahme an Programmen geknüpft. Der Aktivierungsprozess und die Programmtypen weisen länderübergreifend große Ähnlichkeiten auf. Hauptsächliche Zielgruppen der Programme sind Jugendliche einerseits, Langzeitarbeitslose bzw. Sozialhilfeempfänger andererseits. Der Zugang zu den Maßnahmen ist selektiv: Arbeitsmarktferne Gruppen haben geringere Chancen auf Zugang zu arbeitsmarktnahen Programmen. Die Integrationseffekte der Programme sind insgesamt eher gering. Die stärksten Effekte haben ein professionelles Fallmanagement und Lohnsubventionierung. Zwischen der politischen Bedeutung der Aktivierung und dem Wissen über die Teilnahme an Programmen und deren Wirkungen besteht bisher eine erhebliche Diskrepanz. Bessere Evaluationsforschung könnte künftig bei der Gestaltung von Aktivierungspolitiken helfen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Die Aktivierung erwerbsfähiger Hilfeempfänger: Programme, Teilnehmer, Effekte im internationalen Vergleich (2008)
Fromm, Sabine; Sproß, Cornelia;Zitatform
Fromm, Sabine & Cornelia Sproß (2008): Die Aktivierung erwerbsfähiger Hilfeempfänger. Programme, Teilnehmer, Effekte im internationalen Vergleich. (IAB-Forschungsbericht 01/2008), Nürnberg, 153 S.
Abstract
"Die Einführung einer aktivierenden Sozialpolitik ist das zentrale Merkmal der Reform moderner Wohlfahrtsstaaten seit den 1990er Jahren. Ein wesentliches Element dieser Politik ist die Implementierung von Aktivierungsmaßnahmen für erwerbsfähige Hilfeempfänger, die heute in den meisten Ländern obligatorischen Charakter haben. Ziel dieser 'Aktivierenden Sozialpolitik' ist die Erwerbsintegration möglichst aller erwerbsfähigen Hilfeempfänger und ihre Unabhängigkeit von Sozialleistungen. Damit verschiebt sich im Spannungsfeld von De- und Rekommodifizierung der Arbeitskraft, durch das wohlfahrtsstaatliche Politiken stets gekennzeichnet sind, der Akzent hin zu einer verstärkten Rekommodifizierung. Darüber hinaus soll Aktivierung aber auch allgemein zur sozialen Inklusion insbesondere marginalisierter Gruppen beitragen. Bei allen weiterhin bestehenden Unterschieden ist dabei eine konvergente Entwicklung europäischer Wohlfahrtsstaaten zu beobachten. In deutlicher Diskrepanz zur politischen Bedeutung von Aktivierungsmaßnahmen steht das relativ geringe Wissen über ihre Wirkungen. Der Bericht will am Beispiel von Großbritannien, den Niederlanden, Dänemark und Schweden, die verschiedene wohlfahrtsstaatliche Typen repräsentieren, einerseits die Zielrichtung und institutionelle Ausgestaltung von Aktivierungsprogrammen für Sozialhilfeempfänger und Langzeitarbeitslose beleuchten, andererseits einen Beitrag dazu leisten, die Forschungslücke hinsichtlich der Teilnahme an Aktivierungsmaßnahmen und ihrer Effekte auf den Abgang aus Leistungsbezug und den Übergang in Beschäftigung oder anderes zu schließen. Als Datenbasis für die Bewertung der Programmeffekte dienen 256 Evaluationsstudien aus den betrachteten Ländern. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zunächst, dass bereits die Zugänge zu Aktivierungsprogrammen selektiv sind: Personen mit multiplen Vermittlungshemmnissen haben geringere Chancen auf die Teilnahme an arbeitsmarktnahen Programmen. Der Abgang aus Leistungsbezug und der Übergang in Beschäftigung werden durch die Programmteilnahme positiv beeinflusst, jedoch sind die Nettoeffekte überwiegend gering. Als besonders wichtig erweist sich ein professionelles und unterstützendes Fallmanagement mit intensiver Betreuung der Arbeitsuche. Die stärksten Wiedereingliederungseffekte haben alle Formen subventionierter Beschäftigung, vor allem im privaten Sektor. Hilfesuchende mit multiplen Vermittlungshemmnissen haben nicht nur geringere Chancen auf Zugang zu effektiven Programmen, für sie hat die Teilnahme in Hinblick auf Unabhängigkeit von Sozialleistungen bzw. Erwerbsintegration auch geringere Wirkungen als für arbeitsmarktnahe Hilfeempfänger. Untersuchungen der Bewertung von Aktivierungsmaßnahmen durch die Teilnehmer zeigen jedoch gerade für diese Gruppen überwiegend deutliche Zustimmung. Selbst wenn keine Erwerbsintegration erreicht wird, werden Effekte im Sinne von Erhöhung des Selbstvertrauens, Zunahme sozialer Kontakte, Überwindung von Isolation oder Erlernen neuer Fähigkeiten ausgewiesen. Aktivierungsmaßnahmen tragen somit dazu bei, soziale Exklusion zu verhindern bzw. zu beseitigen und können dabei Erwerbsfähigkeit herstellen oder erhöhen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit lohnend machen, Tax Credits erfolgreich machen: eine Untersuchung unter spezieller Berücksichtigung berufstätiger Alleinerziehender (2008)
Zitatform
Millar, Jane (2008): Arbeit lohnend machen, Tax Credits erfolgreich machen. Eine Untersuchung unter spezieller Berücksichtigung berufstätiger Alleinerziehender. In: Internationale Revue für soziale Sicherheit, Jg. 61, H. 2, S. 21-42. DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1726.2008.00308.x
Abstract
"Dieser Beitrag untersucht Ursprünge, Ziele und Konzeption der britischen Tax Credits und geht der Frage nach, inwiefern Tax Credits einen neuen Ansatz in der sozialen Sicherheit darstellen. Daran anschließend geht es um die Rolle, die diese Transfers bei der Unterstützung berufstätiger allein erziehender Mütter spielen. Dazu wurden die Erfahrungen von Familien mit nur einem Elternteil herangezogen, um zu untersuchen, wie sich Tax Credits auf diese ausgewirkt haben. Anhand der Untersuchung werden die Spannungen deutlich, die infolge von Änderungen in Familie und Beschäftigung und den Tax-Credit-Vorschriften, die das Melden von Änderungen in den Lebensverhältnissen und beim Einkommen verlangen, entstehen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Qualitative research exploring the Pathways to Work sanctions regime (2008)
Mitchell, Martin; Woodfield, Kandy;Zitatform
Mitchell, Martin & Kandy Woodfield (2008): Qualitative research exploring the Pathways to Work sanctions regime. (Department of Work and Pensions. Research report 475), London, 110 S.
Abstract
"The Pathways to Work pilots were introduced in 2003 to help Incapacity Benefit (IB) recipients move towards and into paid work. Under the reforms, IB customers are liable to have a percentage of their benefit entitlement sanctioned if they fail to attend a Work Focused Interview (WFI) and are unable to account for this by showing good cause. This study sought to explore the role that sanctioning played in decisions about attendance at WFIs and subsequent engagement with the programme. This report is based on qualitative research conducted by the National Centre for Social Research, the Social Policy Research Unit at York University at the Policy Studies Institute in 2007. It is primarily based on 34 in-depth interviews with new and existing customers who had experience of the sanctioning process. The study also drew on secondary analysis of previous qualitative research conducted with Incapacity Benefit Personal Advisers (IBPAs) and IB customers as part of the wider evaluation of the Pathways to Work programme." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Pathways to Work from incapacity benefits: a study of experience and use of the Job Preparation Premium (2008)
Zitatform
Nice, Katharine, Annie Irvine & Roy Sainsbury (2008): Pathways to Work from incapacity benefits. A study of experience and use of the Job Preparation Premium. (Department of Work and Pensions. Research report 474), London, 134 S.
Abstract
"The Pathways to Work pilots were introduced in 2003 to help new Incapacity Benefit recipients to move towards and into paid work. The Job Preparation Premium (JPP) was introduced for existing recipients in 2005. JPP is a weekly payment of £ 20 for a maximum of 26 weeks for people who do some form of activity towards paid employment. This report is based on qualitative research conducted by the Social Policy Research Unit, the National Centre for Social Research and the Policy Studies Institute in 2007. It presents findings on JPP recipients, and Jobcentre Plus staff members, use and experiences of JPP." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Evaluation of the fair cities pilots 2006: second interim report (2007)
Atkinson, John; Dewson, Sara; Casebourne, Jo; Tackey, Nii Djan;Zitatform
Atkinson, John, Sara Dewson, Jo Casebourne & Nii Djan Tackey (2007): Evaluation of the fair cities pilots 2006. Second interim report. (Department of Work and Pensions. Research report 428), London, 158 S.
Abstract
"Fair Cities pilots have been established in Birmingham, Bradford and Brent to test an employer-led model for increasing the employment rates of ethnic minorities in disadvantaged wards and to meet employer demand for job-ready candidates. The report provides an update on progress in achieving Fair Cities targets and further insight into the experiences of the pilot teams in delivering an innovative labour market programme." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The relationship between perceived employability and subsequent health (2007)
Zitatform
Berntson, Erik & Staffan Marklund (2007): The relationship between perceived employability and subsequent health. In: Work and Stress, Jg. 31, H. 3, S. 279-292. DOI:10.1080/02678370701659215
Abstract
"Being capable of getting new employment may enable an employee to cope with turbulent situations or deteriorating job conditions. Individuals who have higher perceived employability are likely to appraise a situation at work more favourably, and consequently experience better health and well-being. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived employability and subsequent health, while controlling for baseline health, background factors, and work environment exposures. The study is based on 53 items in the National Working Life Cohort in Sweden from two data collections (2004 and 2005), comprising 1918 individuals. Forced entry hierarchical regression analysis showed that, after controlling for demographics, psychological demands, control, and ergonomic exposures, perceived employability was positively associated with global health and mental well-being, but unrelated to physical complaints. When baseline health status was added, perceived employability was still a significant predictor of two out of three outcome variables. Individuals with higher perceived employability had a tendency to report better health and well-being a year later. It is concluded that how an employee perceives his or her possibilities in regard to acquiring new employment is relevant for well-being at a later stage. Perceived employability, which has been little studied before, is therefore a useful concept in health promotion, both at the individual and at the organizational level." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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- Grundlagenbeiträge
- Methoden und Datensatzbeschreibungen
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Typologie der Maßnahmen
- Institutionen der Arbeitsförderung
-
Vermittlung und Beratung
- Prozessoptimierung
- Profiling und Case Management, Eingliederungsvereinbarung
- Unterstützung bei der Arbeitsuche
- Vermittlung durch Dritte
- Vermittlung von Beziehern von Bürgergeld, Sozialhilfe oder Arbeitslosengeld II
- Zusammenarbeit von Arbeits- und Sozialverwaltung
- Job-Center
- Personal-Service-Agentur
- Zeitarbeit
- (gemeinnützige) Arbeitnehmerüberlassung
- Vermittlungsgutscheine
- Berufsberatung
- Aus- und Weiterbildung
- Subventionierung von Beschäftigung
- Öffentlich geförderte Beschäftigung
- Transfer- und Mobilitätsmaßnahmen
- berufliche Rehabilitation
- Lohnersatzleistungen / Einkommensunterstützung
- Altersteilzeit und Vorruhestand
- Sonstiges
- Typologie der Arbeitslosen
- besondere Personengruppen
- Geschlecht
- Geografischer Bezug
- Alter