Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt in Deutschland
Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt stehen seit der Ausbreitung des Coronavirus vor großen Herausforderungen. Zur Unterstützung von Beschäftigten und Unternehmen hatte der Bundestag im Eilverfahren u.a. einen leichteren Zugang zum Kurzarbeitergeld beschlossen. Dieses Themendossier stellt Einschätzungen aus Forschung und Politik zu den Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf den Arbeitsmarkt, die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und notwendige Maßnahmen in Deutschland zusammen.
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Auswirkungen auf Wirtschaft, Arbeitsmarkt und Soziales in Deutschland
- Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und Maßnahmen
- Exit-Strategien zur Beendigung des Lockdowns
- Kurzarbeit - Regelungen und Inanspruchnahme während der Pandemie
- Homeoffice/mobiles Arbeiten
- Auswirkungen auf Betriebe
- Beschäftigung, Arbeitslosigkeit und Grundsicherung nach SGB II
- Einkommenseffekte
- Einzelne Berufe und Branchen
- Berufsausbildung/Lehrstellenmarkt
- Zukunftsszenarien: Wird die Wirtschaft nach Corona nachhaltiger?
- Soziale und gesundheitliche Aspekte
- Corona und Care
- Weiterbildung
- Konjunkturpaket zur Förderung der Wirtschaft
- Personengruppen
- Regionale Aspekte
- Internationale Arbeitsmärkte / Auswirkungen der Globalisierung
- Bundesländer
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and Prosocial Engagement: Behavior Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2025)
Zitatform
Lee, Hwiyoung P., Daniel Choi, Ram A. Cnaan & Femida Handy (2025): Unemployment and Prosocial Engagement: Behavior Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic. In: Nonprofit and voluntary sector quarterly, S. 1-27. DOI:10.1177/08997640251348416
Abstract
"Successive social shocks have reinforced unemployment as a persistent issue, yet its impact on prosocial engagement remains underexplored. This study examines the relationship between job loss and prosocial behaviors, specifically volunteering and donating participation, hypothesizing that short-term unemployment acts as a negative personal shock with heterogeneous effects depending on individuals’ economic resources. Using nationally representative survey data from the United States collected during the COVID-19 pandemic, we employ propensity score weighting enhanced by a machine learning approach to address potential confounders. Our findings indicate that unemployment is associated with reduced formal volunteering participation among lower-income individuals and decreased participation in donating among higher-income individuals. However, we find no significant relationship between unemployment and informal volunteering. Furthermore, our analysis suggests that conventional methods, which fail to adequately control for confounders, tend to underestimate the negative impact of unemployment on prosocial behaviors." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The gendered division of housework in times of Covid-19: the role of essential worker status and work location (2025)
Zitatform
Piolatto, Matteo, Marija Bashevska, Olga Leshchenko, Chantal Remery & Susanne Strauss (2025): The gendered division of housework in times of Covid-19: the role of essential worker status and work location. In: Journal of family studies, S. 1-20. DOI:10.1080/13229400.2025.2526468
Abstract
"The question whether the measures taken to curb the spread of Covid-19 exacerbated or reduced gender inequality with respect to the division of housework and childcare has initiated a large number of studies. This study adds to this field by investigating the role of an until now underexposed yet important element in the literature on the pandemic, which is the assignment of an essential worker status for one or two partners of a couple. Drawing on resource theory, we formulate different hypotheses on how an essential worker status impacts the gendered division of housework during the early phase of the Covid-19 pandemic in dual-earner opposite-sex couples. In addition, as essential work was often, but not always done on-site, we use the time availability perspective to formulate hypotheses on how the impact of being assigned the essential work status interacts with remote-work. We investigate these research questions in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands using household longitudinal panel data from UKHLS and COGIS-LISS, applying panel fixed effects models. The results suggest that having an essential occupation is a resource for women but not men to renegotiate the division of housework. This is particularly the case when one or both partners can work from home." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Lessons from the pandemic: Gender inequality in childcare and the emergence of a gender mental health gap among parents in Germany (2024)
Zitatform
Hiekel, Nicole & Mine Kühn (2024): Lessons from the pandemic: Gender inequality in childcare and the emergence of a gender mental health gap among parents in Germany. In: Demographic Research, Jg. 51, S. 49-80. DOI:10.4054/demres.2024.51.3
Abstract
"Background: The gender gap in mental health that emerged in Germany during the pandemic grew disproportionally among partnered parents. The question arises as to why mothers – compared to fathers – experienced greater declines in mental health when guiding their families through the pandemic. Objective: This study investigates how changes in childcare arrangements affected parental mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Methods: The German Family Panel is based on a random probability sample from which we selected n = 803 partnered mothers and fathers interviewed before (2018–2019) and after (2020) the onset of the pandemic. We ran change score regression models to examine (1) whether changes in gender inequality in childcare arrangements predict within-changes in mental health among mothers and fathers, and (2) whether gender role attitudes moderate this association. Results: Systematic mental health differences can be pinpointed at the intersection of gender inequality in childcare and gender role attitudes. Women in stable female childcare arrangements in which the mother did relatively more childcare and women who transitioned from non-female to female childcare arrangements experienced the largest mental health declines. This association was particularly salient among women with egalitarian attitudes. Men in these childcare arrangements either experienced no change or even improvement in certain mental health dimensions. By contrast, sharing childcare was mentally beneficial for both mothers and fathers in this global health crisis. Conclusions: Gender inequality in childcare is a risk factor for women’s health, particularly during times of shifting patterns in employment and childcare arrangements. Contribution: Taking lessons from the pandemic, policymakers should acknowledge the disproportionate burden that mothers carry when institutional childcare and schooling are unreliable. Accordingly, the unfolding childcare crises in Germany and beyond need to be tackled from a gender-sensitive perspective." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Max-Planck-Institut für demographische Forschung) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Well-Being throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Gendered Effects of Daycare and School Closures (2024)
Zitatform
Huebener, Mathias, Sevrin Waights & C. Katharina Spieß (2024): Well-Being throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Gendered Effects of Daycare and School Closures. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16907), Bonn, 22 S.
Abstract
"In this chapter, we aim to improve the understanding of the well-being impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide an overview of the existing literature and carry out empirical analysis aimed at addressing certain gaps in the knowledge. Specifically, we examine the evolution of parental well-being over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany and relate changes to the severity of restrictions on school and daycare facilities. Our analysis makes use of unique data from the COMPASS survey collected at 17 different point throughout the pandemic in Germany. We find that there is a large difference in retrospective stress-feelings between women and men that is present only for individuals living with children under the age of 12. We also show that the size of the gender gap in life satisfaction fluctuates over time in a way that is related to severity of restrictions to daycare and school operation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Cracking Under Pressure? Gender Role Attitudes Toward Maternal Employment During COVID-19 in Germany (2024)
Huebener, Mathias ; Pape, Astrid ; Danzer, Natalia ; Wagner, Gert G. ; Spieß, C. Katharina ; Schober, Pia ;Zitatform
Huebener, Mathias, Natalia Danzer, Astrid Pape, Pia Schober, C. Katharina Spieß & Gert G. Wagner (2024): Cracking Under Pressure? Gender Role Attitudes Toward Maternal Employment During COVID-19 in Germany. In: Feminist economics, Jg. 30, H. 3, S. 217-254. DOI:10.1080/13545701.2024.2349295
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic posed unprecedented challenges to gender equality, particularly affecting working parents due to disruptions in daycare and school operations. It also impacted labor market opportunities for both men and women. This study investigates shifts in gender role attitudes toward maternal employment in Germany during pandemic lockdowns and subsequent periods of eased restrictions, using combined data from 2008 to early 2022. During the lockdown in early 2021, the study documents a significant decline in egalitarian attitudes, especially for men with dependent children and women without dependent children in the household. The results are discussed and interpreted against the background of various theoretical approaches. During periods of eased restrictions in early 2022, the trend reversed, and gender role attitudes recovered significantly for the same groups. The findings imply that pandemic-related changes in gender role attitudes toward maternal employment were largely transitory. HIGHLIGHTSGender role attitudes became less egalitarian during the 2021 COVID-19 lockdown in Germany.When restrictions lifted, egalitarian gender role attitudes returned, indicating the changes were largely transitory.Mothers of dependent children, who shouldered most of the additional care burden, demonstrated remarkable stability in views on gender roles.Norm-setting, social diffusion, cognitive dissonance, and defense of a cultural worldview explain variance by gender and presence of children in the household.Public support for maternal employment and childcare infrastructure is important for shaping societal norms. Gender role attitudes became less egalitarian during the 2021 COVID-19 lockdown in Germany. When restrictions lifted, egalitarian gender role attitudes returned, indicating the changes were largely transitory. Mothers of dependent children, who shouldered most of the additional care burden, demonstrated remarkable stability in views on gender roles. Norm-setting, social diffusion, cognitive dissonance, and defense of a cultural worldview explain variance by gender and presence of children in the household. Public support for maternal employment and childcare infrastructure is important for shaping societal norms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gender Care Gap in Deutschland: Kein anhaltender Anstieg infolge der Corona-Pandemie (2024)
Zitatform
Jessen, Jonas, Lavinia Kinne & Katharina Wrohlich (2024): Gender Care Gap in Deutschland: Kein anhaltender Anstieg infolge der Corona-Pandemie. In: DIW-Wochenbericht, Jg. 91, H. 9, S. 123-131. DOI:10.18723/diw_wb:2024-9-1
Abstract
"Studie untersucht auf Basis des Beziehungs- und Familienpanels pairfam Aufteilung von Sorgearbeit bei Paaren während und rund um Corona-Pandemie. Zu Pandemiebeginn wurde Retraditionalisierung befürchtet – tatsächlich kümmerten sich zunächst öfter (fast) ausschließlich Mütter um Kinder und Haushalt. Neueste Daten zeigen aber, dass sich Gender Care Gap inzwischen wieder auf Vorpandemieniveau zurückbewegt hat. Unterschiede in Aufteilung von Sorgearbeit in Deutschland aber weiterhin sehr hoch, auch im internationalen Vergleich. Anreize für gleichere Aufteilung zwischen Männern und Frauen sollten gestärkt werden, etwa durch mehr Partnermonate beim Elterngeld sowie Reform von Ehegattensplitting und Minijobs." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Work from Home and Perceptions of Career Prospects of Employees with Children (2024)
Zitatform
Kurowska, Anna & Agnieszka Kasperska (2024): Work from Home and Perceptions of Career Prospects of Employees with Children. (Working papers / Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw 2024-08), Warsaw, 39 S.
Abstract
"This study explores how various work and family-related contexts moderated the link between work-from-home (WFH) and self-perceived changes to the career prospects among employees with children after over a year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that the link between WFH and the perception of changes to one's career prospects is likely to differ depending on gender, occupation, whether the employee has worked from home before the pandemic, how much time their children spent at home due to pandemic restrictions and the cohabiting status of the parent. We conducted fixed effects multinomial regression models using a unique multi-country dataset, including representative samples of parents with dependent children from Canada, Germany, Italy, Poland, Sweden, and the US. Employees with children who had prior experience with WFH before the pandemic were more likely to report improved career prospects than those who worked solely in the office. The positive effect of WFH for newcomers to the world of remote work was less unequivocal and varied based on occupation and gender. We also find that the presence of children at home and the cohabitation status substantially moderate the link between WFH and perceived changes to one's career prospects, with different implications based on the employee's gender. We fill the research gap by showing how fluid workers' perceptions of career prospects depend on varying professional (prior experience with WFH and occupation) and personal (increased family demands) situations. This study also indicates the need for context-sensitive career management in organisations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
When the Burden Lifts: The Effect of School and Day Care Reopenings on Parents' Life Satisfaction (2024)
Zitatform
Tobler, Lina, Bernhard Christoph, Lukas Fervers & Marita Jacob (2024): When the Burden Lifts: The Effect of School and Day Care Reopenings on Parents' Life Satisfaction. In: Journal of happiness studies, Jg. 26, 2024-09-15. DOI:10.1007/s10902-024-00819-7
Abstract
"The availability of childcare services eases parents’ daily lives and research has shown that it positively affects well-being, especially for mothers. However, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted established childcare arrangements, with school and day care closures adding to parental burdens. Despite extensive discourse on the influence of these closures on parental well-being, few studies have empirically analysed the effects of the increase in childcare responsibilities associated with the closures on the well-being of parents. We seek to address this gap by examining the impact of school and day care reopenings on parental well-being. We expect that parents’ life satisfaction will increase when schools and day care facilities are reopened —and that this effect is particularly strong for mothers. Leveraging the variation in the time of reopenings across Germany’s federal states, we employ a difference-in-differences and a difference-in-difference-in-differences approach to assess changes in well-being. The research design accounts for state-level differences and potential confounding factors related to the pandemic. By using data from the German IAB-HOPP study, which offers timely measures of life satisfaction, we aim to quantify the effects of reopenings on parental well-being. Results show only a small and marginally positive effect of reopenings on average life satisfaction among parents. However, this is due to a strong and significant effect of reopenings on mothers’ life satisfaction and no significanteffect for fathers. Our findings contribute to research on the division of unpaid labour and childcare and support the notion that public childcare provision is crucial, particularly for mothers’ life satisfaction." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Parental stress and working situation during the COVID-19 shutdown – Effects on children’s skill development (2024)
Zitatform
Vogelbacher, Markus & Thorsten Schneider (2024): Parental stress and working situation during the COVID-19 shutdown – Effects on children’s skill development. In: Advances in life course research, Jg. 60. DOI:10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100609
Abstract
"Objective: This study examines whether parental emotional distress during the first pandemic-related school shutdown in 2020 in Germany affected the development of primary school students’ mathematical skills and investigates changes in parents’ working conditions as triggers of cascading stress processes. Background: The Family Stress Model (FSM) explains the mechanisms that mediate between families’ structural conditions and children's developmental outcomes. Foundational works for this approach focus on historic events that instigate rapid structural changes which, in turn, undermine families' economic situation. The economic losses trigger stress processes. Research on the COVID-19 pandemic reports heightened levels of parental stress and negative impacts on children's cognitive and socioemotional development. This study examines the role of parental emotional distress during the COVID-19 shutdown on children's cognitive development. Expanding on the classical FSM, we hypothesize that changes in parents' working situation, rather than economic changes, may have triggered family stress processes during the shutdown, as federal support largely cushioned economic cutbacks in Germany. Method: For the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), interviews were conducted with parents, and primary school students in Starting Cohort 1 were tested after the first shutdown in 2020. The database provides rich information from survey waves prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, allowing a longitudinal analysis of a sample of 1512 primary school students with ordinary least squares regression. Results: Parents’ emotional distress during the pandemic had a robust negative effect on students’ mathematical skills, even when controlling for prior parenting stress. Changes in parents’ working conditions also had an effect on children’s test scores, and the negative effect of working from home on the test scores was mediated by parents’ emotional distress. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic was a historic event which, at least in Germany, challenged the mental health of many parents and, in turn, impaired the skill development of primary school students. We introduce the role of changes in working conditions as triggers of such processes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Neither backlash nor convergence: dynamics of intra-couple childcare division during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany (2023)
Zitatform
Boll, Christina, Dana Müller & Simone Schüller (2023): Neither backlash nor convergence: dynamics of intra-couple childcare division during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 57, 2023-08-18. DOI:10.1186/s12651-023-00353-8
Abstract
"Using unique (bi)monthly panel data (IAB-HOPP) covering the immediate postlockdown period from June to August 2020, as well as the subsequent period up until the second lockdown in January/February 2021, we investigate opposing claims of widening/closing the gender gap in parental childcare during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany. We consider prepandemic division as a reference point and provide dynamics rather than snapshots. Our results suggest a slight initial shift toward a more egalitarian division that, however, faded out in subsequent months. Starting from a fairly “traditional” prepandemic childcare division, the lockdown stimulus was not nearly strong enough to level the playing field. Subgroup analysis differentiating between individual lockdown-specific work arrangements shows that the drivers of the observed shift were mothers with relatively intense labor market participation who cannot work from home. Fathers’ work arrangement instead did not play a significant role. We conclude that the shift emerged out of necessity rather than opportunity, which makes it likely to fade once the necessity vanishes. Further, a shift is observed only if fathers were to some extent involved in childcare prepandemic, which points to the crucial role of initial conditions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
- frühere (möglicherweise abweichende) Version erschienen u.d.T. "Neither Backlash nor Convergence: Dynamics of Intracouple Childcare Division after the First Covid-19 Lockdown and Subsequent Reopening in Germany" als: IAB-Discussion Paper, 12/2021
- frühere (möglicherweise abweichende) Version erschienen u.d.T. "Neither backlash nor convergence: Dynamics of intra-couple childcare division after the first COVID-19 lockdown and subsequent reopening in Germany" in: Covid economics, (2021), 81, 19-49
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Literaturhinweis
Family Climate in Pandemic Times: Adolescents and Mothers (2023)
Zitatform
Eichhorn, Thomas, Simone Schüller, Hannah Sinja Steinberg & Claudia Zerle-Elsäßer (2023): Family Climate in Pandemic Times: Adolescents and Mothers. In: Social Inclusion, Jg. 11, H. 1, S. 282-294., 2022-11-04. DOI:10.17645/si.v11i1.6007
Abstract
"In this article, we examine changes in family climate during the first Covid-19-related lockdown in Germany. We compare the perspectives of mothers and adolescents to explore whether the factors of perceived changes in family climate are systematically and significantly different between these groups. We measure family climate as positive emotional climate, a sub-dimension of the family environment scale, to capture a feeling of cohesion and emotional openness within the family. Based on family system theory and the family stress model, we expect an overall deterioration in family climate due to increased environmental adaptation in the pandemic. Furthermore, we expect family climate to deteriorate less when families have economic and social resources available. On the other hand, we assume that being employed and/or primarily responsible for family care relates to a stronger decline in the family climate. We employ longitudinal survey data (AID:A) from around 300 German families with children aged nine to 17 and apply individual fixed effects models to investigate changes in family climate from 2019 to 2020. Almost half of our respondents report a decrease in family climate. For mothers, the share of unpaid care work at home is the only significant predictor: Mothers doing more than 80% of the chores and childcare feel a greater decrease in family climate. For adolescents, however, being at risk of poverty and having less frequent family activities are important predictors of stronger decreases in family climate. In summary, our results illustrate the relevance of distinguishing between the perspective of children and parents in family studies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Kids back to school – parents back to work? School and daycare opening and parents' employment in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (2023)
Zitatform
Fervers, Lukas, Lina Tobler, Veronika Knize, Bernhard Christoph & Marita Jacob (2023): Kids back to school – parents back to work? School and daycare opening and parents' employment in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 33, H. 3, S. 373-387. DOI:10.1177/09589287231176775
Abstract
"Around the globe, the coronavirus pandemic has triggered various reactions of governments designed to contain the pandemic. Among other things, the pandemic led to an unforeseen and unprecedented closure of schools and daycare facilities. In turn, these closures might have forced parents to stay at home to care for their children who could not attend schools or kindergartens. From a social policy perspective, this raises the question of the extent to which parents' employment has been affected, as time spent on childcare might make parents reduce their working hours. To answer this question, we exploit within-country variations in school and childcare policies across the federal states of Germany to analyse their effect on parents' working time. In specific, we compare the working time of parents who live in different federal states with different restrictions regarding childcare in a difference-in-differences and difference-in-difference-in-differences framework. Our results reveal a non-negligible positive effect of an earlier and more far-reaching reopening of schools and daycare facilities on parents' employment. Our results indicate that prolonged closure goes along with negative employment effects for parents. Hence, containment and closure policies to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have substantial economic and social side effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Kids back to school - parents back to work? School and daycare opening and parents’ employment in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (2023)
Zitatform
Fervers, Lukas, Lina Tobler, Veronika Knize, Bernhard Christoph & Marita Jacob (2023): Kids back to school - parents back to work? School and daycare opening and parents’ employment in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 33, H. 3, S. 373-387., 2023-01-19. DOI:10.1177/09589287231176775
Abstract
"Around the globe, the coronavirus pandemic has triggered various reactions of governments designed to contain the pandemic. Among other things, the pandemic led to an unforeseen and unprecedented closure of schools and daycare facilities. In turn, these closures might have forced parents to stay at home to care for their children who could not attend schools or kindergartens. From a social policy perspective, this raises the question of the extent to which parents’ employment has been affected, as time spent on childcare might make parents reduce their working hours. To answer this question, we exploit within-country variations in school and childcare policies across the federal states of Germany to analyse their effect on parents’ working time. In specific, we compare the working time of parents who live in different federal states with different restrictions regarding childcare in a difference-in-differences and difference-in-difference-in-differences framework. Our results reveal a non-negligible positive effect of an earlier and more far-reaching reopening of schools and daycare facilities on parents’ employment. Our results indicate that prolonged closure goes along with negative employment effects for parents. Hence, containment and closure policies to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have substantial economic and social side effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © SAGE) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Supplemental material -
Literaturhinweis
Family care during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: longitudinal evidence on consequences for the well-being of caregivers (2023)
Zitatform
Möhring, Katja, Sabine Zinn & Ulrike Ehrlich (2023): Family care during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: longitudinal evidence on consequences for the well-being of caregivers. In: European Journal of Ageing, Jg. 20, H. 1. DOI:10.1007/s10433-023-00761-2
Abstract
"We examine changes in the well-being of family caregivers during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) and the SOEP-CoV study. The COVID-19 pandemic posed an extraordinary challenge for family caregivers, as care recipients are a high-risk group requiring special protection, and professional care services were severely cut back. The specific situation of the COVID-19 pandemic allows us to re-examine the caregiver stress process model. Using first difference regression models, we analyse changes in general life satisfaction and depressive symptoms (PHQ-4 score) among family caregivers between 2019 and spring 2020, differentiating by care intensity and duration of the care episode. Caregivers show similar changes in well-being as non-caregivers: a simultaneous increase in depressive symptoms and life satisfaction between 2019 and 2020. However, our results reveal heterogeneity within the group of family caregivers as we find differences according to caregiving dynamics and intensity. Among the group of continuing caregivers, high-intensity caregivers experience a larger increase in life satisfaction, and low-intensity caregivers a smaller increase in life satisfaction, compared to non-caregivers. Our results therefore provide some support for the role enhancement hypothesis for continuing caregivers with high time commitment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Die Situation pflegender Angehöriger im erwerbsfähigen Alter in der COVID-19-Pandemie – Ergebnisse einer Onlinebefragung in Deutschland (2023)
Wiegelmann, Henrik ; Wolf-Ostermann, Karin; Seibert, Kathrin ; Rothgang, Heinz ; Domhoff, Dominik ; Hess, Moritz ; Stolle, Claudia ; Preuß, Benedikt ; Schmidt, Annika; Heinze, Franziska ;Zitatform
Wiegelmann, Henrik, Moritz Hess, Dominik Domhoff, Franziska Heinze, Annika Schmidt, Kathrin Seibert, Claudia Stolle, Benedikt Preuß, Heinz Rothgang & Karin Wolf-Ostermann (2023): Die Situation pflegender Angehöriger im erwerbsfähigen Alter in der COVID-19-Pandemie – Ergebnisse einer Onlinebefragung in Deutschland. In: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, Jg. 66, H. 3, S. 265-274. DOI:10.1007/s00103-023-03659-7
Abstract
"Die Folgen der COVID-19-Pandemie haben verschiedene Personengruppen vor große Herausforderungen gestellt; eine dieser Gruppen sind pflegende Angehörige. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, welche Veränderungen die Pandemie für pflegende Angehörige mit sich gebracht hat und in welchem Ausmaß sich Lebensqualität und Pflegebelastung subgruppenspezifisch verändert haben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt und psychische Beanspruchung im Homeoffice während der COVID-19-Pandemie: Die moderierende Rolle der Resilienz (2023)
Zimber, Andreas;Zitatform
Zimber, Andreas (2023): Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt und psychische Beanspruchung im Homeoffice während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Die moderierende Rolle der Resilienz. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, Jg. 67, H. 4, S. 188-200. DOI:10.1026/0932-4089/a000409
Abstract
"Aus früheren Studien ist bekannt, dass die Arbeit im Homeoffice zu einem Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt mit negativen Beanspruchungsfolgen beitragen kann. Nach den Annahmen des Job-Demands-Resources-Modells können persönliche Ressourcen das individuelle Beanspruchungsrisiko abschwächen. Diese Annahme wurde am Beispiel der Resilienz in einer online-Querschnittserhebung während der 3. Corona-Welle in Deutschland bei N=142 Beschäftigten im Zusammenhang mit der Arbeit im Homeoffice überprüft. Untersucht wurden Irritation und Vitalität als abhängige Variablen, Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt als unabhängige Variable und Resilienz als potenzieller Moderator. Es wurde angenommen, dass resilientere Personen weniger Irritation infolge von Arbeit-Familie-Konflikten im Homeoffice erleben. Eine Moderatoranalyse bestätigte den postulierten Interaktionseffekt. Die Resilienz stellt beim Umgang mit Arbeit-Familie-Konflikten im Homeoffice somit eine relevante persönliche Ressource dar. Praktische Implikationen für die Personalentwicklung und betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung werden diskutiert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © 2023 Hogrefe Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Has the COVID-19 pandemic changed gender- and parental-status-specific differences in working from home? Panel evidence from Germany (2022)
Abendroth, Anja-Kristin ; Müller, Dana ; Carstensen, Tanja; Hipp, Lena ; Sauermann, Armin; Lott, Yvonne ;Zitatform
Abendroth, Anja-Kristin, Yvonne Lott, Lena Hipp, Dana Müller, Armin Sauermann & Tanja Carstensen (2022): Has the COVID-19 pandemic changed gender- and parental-status-specific differences in working from home? Panel evidence from Germany. In: Gender, work & organization, Jg. 29, H. 6, S. 1991-2011., 2022-03-12. DOI:10.1111/gwao.12836
Abstract
"Has COVID-19 changed gender- and parental-status-specific differences in working from home? To answer this question, we used data from the Institute for Employment Research High-Frequency Online Personal Panel collected in Germany in the early stages of the pandemic (May - August 2020). Regression analyses revealed changes in pre-pandemic gender- and parental-status-specific differences in remote working - not only when strict social distancing measures were in place, but also after they were lifted: Fathers were no longer more likely than childless men and women to work remotely, and women were no longer more likely than men to work more hours from home when using this arrangement. Further, the results suggest that cultural barriers in organizations to working from home - which were especially prevalent for mothers before the pandemic - have decreased." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Homeoffice während der Corona-Pandemie und darüber hinaus – Potenziale für erwerbstätige Eltern (2022)
Alberg, Ivonne; Zöll, Madita; Opolony, Steffen; Yilmaz, Beyza; Oppers, Jacqueline Désirée; Kirsten, Julia; Schorr, Sabrina; Klammer, Ute; Brunoni, Cecilia; Shishkova, Mirena;Zitatform
Alberg, Ivonne, Cecilia Brunoni, Julia Kirsten, Ute Klammer, Steffen Opolony, Jacqueline Désirée Oppers, Sabrina Schorr, Mirena Shishkova, Beyza Yilmaz & Madita Zöll (2022): Homeoffice während der Corona-Pandemie und darüber hinaus – Potenziale für erwerbstätige Eltern. (IAQ-Report 2022-04), Duisburg ; Essen, 24 S. DOI:10.17185/duepublico/75860
Abstract
"Die Verlagerung der Arbeit ins Homeoffice traf auf sehr unterschiedliche Ausgangsbedingungen mit entsprechend unterschiedlichen Entwicklungspfaden. Hindernisse und Vorbehalte bezüglich der Arbeit im Homeoffice konnten auf Seiten der Unternehmen wie auch der Arbeitnehmer*innen abgebaut werden. Viele der befragten erwerbstätigen Eltern wünschen sich, auch in Zukunft einen Teil ihrer Erwerbsarbeit im Homeoffice erbringen zu können. Voraussetzungen für gelingendes Homeoffice sind die technische Unterstützung unter Berücksichtigung des Gesundheitsschutzes, Schulungen sowie klare Absprachen bezüglich der Arbeitsaufgaben im Homeoffice." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Protected through Part-time Employment? Labor Market Status, Domestic Responsibilities, and the Life Satisfaction of German Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic (2022)
Zitatform
Bertogg, Ariane, Nevena Kulic & Susanne Strauss (2022): Protected through Part-time Employment? Labor Market Status, Domestic Responsibilities, and the Life Satisfaction of German Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic. In: Social Politics, Jg. 29, H. 4, S. 1236-1260. DOI:10.1093/sp/jxab048
Abstract
"The COVID-19 lockdown measures have challenged individuals to reconcile employment, childcare, and housework. This article addresses whether these challenges have reduced life satisfaction among German women by focusing on their labor market status and drawing upon a topical online survey (Kantar) collected in Germany at two points in time: May 2020 and November 2020. We find that part-time employed women were better protected against a decline in life satisfaction, but only during the first lockdown. Economically inactive women were most likely to experience a decline in life satisfaction during the first lockdown, but least likely during the second lockdown. Life satisfaction has further decreased between the first and the second lockdown, and the likelihood of a decrease has converged for full-time, part-time, and economically inactive women." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie eine Korrektur. -
Literaturhinweis
Zementiertes Rollenverhalten in der Fürsorge für Kinder, trotz Pandemie – Eine Herausforderung für die Familien- und Gleichstellungspolitik (2022)
Zitatform
Boll, Christina, Dana Müller & Simone Schüller (2022): Zementiertes Rollenverhalten in der Fürsorge für Kinder, trotz Pandemie – Eine Herausforderung für die Familien- und Gleichstellungspolitik. In: Ifo-Schnelldienst, Jg. 75, H. 10, S. 28-33., 2022-09-26.
Abstract
"In der Pandemie wurde deutlich offenbar, wie ungleich familiale Sorgearbeit in Deutschland noch immer verteilt ist. Die familienpolitischen Reformanstrengungen der letzten Jahrzehnte konnten Ungleichheiten nicht in ausreichendem Maße abbauen, und so trugen und tragen vor allem Mütter die zusätzlichen Lasten der Sorgearbeit, die aufgrund der Kita- und Schulschließungen und der krisenhaften Folgezeit entstanden sind. Sie tun dies oftmals zusätzlich zu ihrer Erwerbstätigkeit und mit negativen Folgen für ihre eigenen Karrierechancen, ihre ökonomische Unabhängigkeit und ihre mentale Gesundheit. Moderne Familien- und Gleichstellungspolitik muss die Förderung partnerschaftlicher Aufteilung von Fürsorgearbeit für Kinder mit klugen Instrumenten jetzt dringend voranbringen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The Plight of Female Employment in Germany under School-Related COVID-19 Control Measures (2022)
Caki, Ezgi;Zitatform
Caki, Ezgi (2022): The Plight of Female Employment in Germany under School-Related COVID-19 Control Measures. (The CoronaNet researchers working paper series 2022,3), München, 28 S.
Abstract
"This study empirically assesses the impact of school closures on women's employment in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study's objective is to determine whether school closures have adversely and disproportionately affected women's careers. It tests the argument that the longer schools remain closed during the pandemic, the more women than men are forced to reduce their working hours, opt for part-time jobs, or ask for paid or unpaid leave, or otherwise lose their jobs. The case study reveals that, even though the German federal state has been granting financial incentives for employment during the pandemic, women remain disproportionately affected by the pandemic-related containment measures, notably school closures. This study's finding that more men were unemployed than women at the apex of the pandemic in Germany can be explained by the already higher number of employed men. Overall, the relationship between the demand for women's part-time work and women not returning to work is stronger and more significant than that of men's part-time work and men not returning to work, meaning that there is a growing demand for non-standard forms of employment, such as part-time work, for women compared to men. Childcare responsibilities, which are increasing due to the pandemic, are threatening women's significant gains for gender equality. Although the empirical assessments present varying results, gender inequality subsists and requires carefully formulated policies with a focus on enhancing gender equality and women's labor force participation during and after the pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Entgrenzte Flexibilität im Homeoffice: Neuordnungen der alltäglichen Arbeitspraxis, der Geschlechterarrangements und der Betriebsratsarbeit in der Corona-Krise (2022)
Carstensen, Tanja; Krause, Christoph; Matuschek, Ingo; Mierich, Sandra; Kleemann, Frank;Zitatform
Carstensen, Tanja, Christoph Krause, Ingo Matuschek, Frank Kleemann & Sandra Mierich (2022): Entgrenzte Flexibilität im Homeoffice. Neuordnungen der alltäglichen Arbeitspraxis, der Geschlechterarrangements und der Betriebsratsarbeit in der Corona-Krise. In: Arbeit. Zeitschrift für Arbeitsforschung, Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitspolitik, Jg. 31, H. 1/2, S. 195-213. DOI:10.1515/arbeit-2022-0011
Abstract
"Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Situation von Beschäftigten und Mitbestimmungsgremien im Homeoffice jenseits und in der Corona-Krise. Adressiert wird die Frage, inwiefern das Ausweichen ins Homeoffice als gesteigerte Qualität einer ohnehin flexibilisierten betrieblichen Arbeit zu deuten ist und welche Folgen damit einhergehen. Die Analyse basiert auf 47 Interviews, die seit Januar 2020 im Rahmen von zehn Betriebsfallstudien in den Bereichen Chemie/Pharmazeutik, Metall/Elektro, Nahrungsmittelindustrie und Dienstleistungen erhoben wurden. Die empirischen Befunde verweisen dabei insbesondere auf Herausforderungen in drei Bereichen: alltägliche Arbeitspraxis und Kollegialität, Geschlechterarrangements und Arbeit der betrieblichen Interessenvertretung. Zunächst skizziert der Beitrag die bisherige betriebliche Regelungspraxis orts- und zeitflexibler Arbeit; im Weiteren werden die empirischen Erkenntnisse zu den drei genannten Themenbereichen vorgestellt. Abschließend diskutiert der Beitrag die neue Qualität des Arbeitens als „entgrenzte Flexibilität“." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter)
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Literaturhinweis
Aufteilung der Sorge- und Erwerbsarbeit zwischen Frauen und Männern: In der Pandemie ändern sich Geschlechterrollen kaum (2022)
Globisch, Claudia; Volkert, Marieke ; Abendroth, Anja; Anger, Silke ; Dummert, Sandra ; Danneck, Viktoria; Christoph, Bernhard ; Fuchs, Michaela ; Boll, Christina ; Schüller, Simone ; Müller, Dana ; Knize, Veronika ; Jacob, Marita ; Kreyenfeld, Michaela ; Lott, Yvonne ; Tobler, Lina ; Hipp, Lena ; Sauermann, Armin; Carstensen, Tanja; Naujoks, Tabea ; Fervers, Lukas ;Zitatform
Globisch, Claudia, Dana Müller, Michaela Fuchs, Bernhard Christoph, Viktoria Danneck, Sandra Dummert, Marieke Volkert, Anja Abendroth, Silke Anger, Christina Boll, Tanja Carstensen, Lukas Fervers, Lena Hipp, Marita Jacob, Veronika Knize, Michaela Kreyenfeld, Yvonne Lott, Tabea Naujoks, Armin Sauermann, Simone Schüller & Lina Tobler (2022): Aufteilung der Sorge- und Erwerbsarbeit zwischen Frauen und Männern: In der Pandemie ändern sich Geschlechterrollen kaum. (IAB-Kurzbericht 05/2022), Nürnberg, 12 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2205
Abstract
"Die Folgen der Covid-19-Pandemie verschärfen bereits existierende Ungleichheiten in vielen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen sowie in Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt. Ob und in welchem Ausmaß dies auch in Bezug auf die Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern zutrifft, wird anhand einer Online-Panelbefragung des IAB untersucht. Im Fokus stehen die Ungleichheiten zwischen den Geschlechtern hinsichtlich des Umfangs der Arbeitszeiten in der Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit sowie der Homeoffice-Nutzung. Außerdem gehen die Autorinnen und Autoren der Frage nach, ob sich die Sorgearbeit weiter hin zu den Müttern verlagert hat oder ob Väter einen höheren Anteil daran übernommen haben als vor der Krise." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Globisch, Claudia; Volkert, Marieke ; Anger, Silke ; Dummert, Sandra ; Christoph, Bernhard ; Fuchs, Michaela ; Müller, Dana ; Knize, Veronika ;Weiterführende Informationen
- Kinderbetreuung von Müttern und Vätern mit Kindern unter 12 Jahren in Paarhaushalten
- Ein Interview mit den Autorinnen und Autoren finden sie im IAB-Forum.
- Entwicklung der Arbeitszeit nach Geschlecht, Alter der Kinder und Art der Kinderbetreuung
- Veränderung der Beteiligung von Vätern an der Kinderbetreuung
- Entwicklung der Arbeitszeit nach Geschlecht und Kindern im Haushalt
- Veränderung der Beteiligung von Vätern an der Kinderbetreuung nach Bildungsniveau
- Sozialversicherungspflichtig beschäftigte Frauen und Männer nach Wirtschaftsbereichen in Deutschland
- Aufteilung der Kinderbetreuung nach Lockdown-spezifischen Arbeitsarrangements von Vätern und Müttern
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Literaturhinweis
Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of partnership and parenthood status in growing disparities between types of families (2022)
Zitatform
Hiekel, Nicole & Mine Kühn (2022): Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of partnership and parenthood status in growing disparities between types of families. In: Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Jg. 63, H. 4, S. 594-609. DOI:10.1177/00221465221109195
Abstract
"This study investigates mental health inequalities by family type and gender during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Using data from the German Family Panel, we compared three dimensions of mental health (i.e., self-reported stress, exhaustion, and loneliness) one year before the pandemic and in spring 2020. First, two-parent families emerged as a vulnerable group, as the levels of stress and exhaustion they reported during the pandemic converged with those experienced by single parents. Second, a gender gap emerged during this global health crisis, with women, and particularly mothers, reporting significantly worse mental health compared to men in the same family type. Our findings underline the substantive value of studying mental health inequality from a multidimensional perspective and over time. Based on these findings, we urge policy makers to consider more seriously the disproportionate burdens that families, and women in particular, have been carrying due to the pandemic both directly and indirectly." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Corona - Chance für einen Paradigmenwechsel in der Arbeitswelt?: Wie sich die Arbeitsbedingungen von Frauen (und Männern) in der Pandemie verändert haben : Eine Beschäftigtenumfrage (2022)
Holler, Markus; Richter, Mareike; Weusthoff, Anja;Zitatform
(2022): Corona - Chance für einen Paradigmenwechsel in der Arbeitswelt? Wie sich die Arbeitsbedingungen von Frauen (und Männern) in der Pandemie verändert haben : Eine Beschäftigtenumfrage. Berlin, 38 S.
Abstract
"Auf den Schultern von Frauen lasten hohe Gesundheitsrisiken, sie stemmen große Belastungen, schlagen sich mit schlechten Arbeitsbedingungen herum und kämpfen mit finanziellen Einbußen. Zu diesen Ergebnissen kommt die vorliegende Sonderauswertung des DGB Index „Gute Arbeit“. Das unterstreicht noch einmal: Frauen dürfen nicht zu kurz kommen, wenn es darum geht, gute politische und betriebliche Rahmenbedingungen zu schaffen – beim Einkommen, beim Infektionsschutz, im Home-Office oder im Rahmen der Digitalisierung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Der Vertrauensverlust der Mütter in der Pandemie: Befunde eines repräsentativen Bevölkerungspanels (2022)
Zitatform
Hövermann, Andreas & Bettina Kohlrausch (2022): Der Vertrauensverlust der Mütter in der Pandemie. Befunde eines repräsentativen Bevölkerungspanels. (WSI-Report 73), Düsseldorf, 19 S.
Abstract
"Zahlreiche Studien zeigten, dass Eltern – und hier insbesondere Mütter – besonders häufig und in vielfältiger Weise bereits früh zu den Hauptleidtragenden der Pandemie gehörten. Auch zwei Jahre nach Ausbruch der Corona-Pandemie können wir dies anhand der vorliegenden Auswertungen der jüngsten Befragungsdaten aus dem Januar 2022 der HBS-Panel-Erwerbspersonenbefragung bestätigen. Mütter tragen weiterhin deutlich stärker die Hauptbetreuungslast als Väter und berichten zuletzt verstärkt wieder von Arbeitszeitreduktionen, die sich so bei Vätern nicht zeigen. Mütter äußern zudem in besonderem Ausmaß sozio-emotionale Belastungen und gesellschaftliche Sorgen, die zuletzt wieder anstiegen. Zudem scheint diese Situation auch erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Zufriedenheit mit dem Krisenmanagement der Bundesregierung zu haben, da diese unter Müttern zuletzt nur noch sehr gering ausfällt. Detailliertere Analysen der Perspektiven auf die Pandemie unter Müttern zeigen darüber hinaus eine starke Polarisierung, die sicherlich auch z.T. die große Sorge unter Müttern über den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt erklären kann. Zusammengenommen zeichnen die Befunde ein besorgniserregendes Bild großer Belastungen und politischen Vertrauensverlusts, die zudem mit Prozessen der Retraditionalisierung bei der Betreuungsübernahme einhergehen. Diese Folgen unzureichender politischer Berücksichtigung und Absicherung von Sorgearbeit in der Pandemie und der daraus folgenden weitreichenden Individualisierung der Sorgearbeit sollten politisch unbedingt ernst genommen werden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Geschlechtsspezifische Arbeitsmarktwirkung der Covid-19-Pandemie: Ähnlicher Arbeitszeitausfall, aber bei Müttern höhere zusätzliche Belastung durch Kinderbetreuung (2022)
Zitatform
Illing, Hannah, Michael Oberfichtner, Nico Pestel, Johannes Schmieder & Simon Trenkle (2022): Geschlechtsspezifische Arbeitsmarktwirkung der Covid-19-Pandemie: Ähnlicher Arbeitszeitausfall, aber bei Müttern höhere zusätzliche Belastung durch Kinderbetreuung. (IAB-Kurzbericht 03/2022), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2203
Abstract
"Die Covid-19-Pandemie hat im Frühjahr 2020 eine Rezession ausgelöst, von der - anders als in früheren Rezessionen - Frauen ähnlich stark betroffen waren wie Männer. Die Kita- und Schulschließungen führten außerdem zu sehr starken zusätzlichen Belastungen für Eltern. Mütter haben dabei deutlich mehr zusätzliche Zeit für Kinderbetreuung übernommen als Väter." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
- Veränderung des Arbeitsausfalls und der wöchentlichen Arbeitsstunden von Frauen und Männern
- Entwicklung des Arbeitsausfalls und der wöchentlichen Arbeitsstunden nach Branchen
- Veränderung der zeitlichen Gesamtbelastung und der Lebenszufriedenheit von Frauen und Männern im Vergleich zu Februar 2020
- Monatliches Ausmaß von Kurzarbeit und Arbeitslosigkeit sowie Anteil von Frauen an den Beschäftigten in Kurzarbeit
- Der Kurzbericht wird zeitgleich in der Reihe IZA Standpunkte Nr. 102 publiziert.
- Veränderung der wöchentlichen Kinderbetreuungszeit von Frauen und Männern im Vergleich zu Februar 2020
- Zusammenhang von dem durchschnittlichen prozentualen Arbeitsausfall (von Februar bis Oktober 2020) und dem Frauenanteil (im Dezember 2019)
- Ein Interview mit den Autorinnen und Autoren finden sie im IAB-Forum.
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Literaturhinweis
The gender division of unpaid care work throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (2022)
Zitatform
Jessen, Jonas, C. Katharina Spieß, Sevrin Waights & Katharina Wrohlich (2022): The gender division of unpaid care work throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. In: German Economic Review, Jg. 23, H. 4, S. 641-667. DOI:10.1515/ger-2022-0003
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic and related closures of day care centres and schools significantly increased the amount of care work done by parents. There has been much speculation over whether the pandemic increased or decreased gender equality in parental care work. Based on representative data for Germany from spring 2020 and winter 2021 we present an empirical analysis that shows that although gender inequality in the division of care work increased to some extent in the beginning of the pandemic, it returned to the pre-pandemic level in the second lockdown almost nine months later. These results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic neither aggravated nor lessened inequality in the division of unpaid care work among mothers and fathers in any persistent way in Germany." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit und Familie im Lockdown: Rolle rückwärts für Frauen? (Interview) (2022)
Zitatform
Keitel, Christiane & Jutta Winters; Claudia Globisch & Michael Oberfichtner (interviewte Person) (2022): Arbeit und Familie im Lockdown: Rolle rückwärts für Frauen? (Interview). In: IAB-Forum H. 08.03.2022 Nürnberg, 2022-03-02. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20220308.01
Abstract
"Die Covid-19-Pandemie legte im Frühjahr 2020 das öffentliche Leben lahm. Schulen und Kitas schlossen. Viele Frauen und Männer verlagerten ihre Arbeit ins Homeoffice oder wechselten in Kurzarbeit. Um die Auswirkungen dieser nie dagewesenen Ausnahmesituation wissenschaftlich zu begleiten, rief das IAB mehrere Befragungen ins Leben. Zwei hieraus entstandene IAB-Kurzberichte beleuchten die Folgen des ersten Lockdowns für Familien mit Kindern unter zwölf Jahren. Aus Anlass des internationalen Frauentages fragt die Forum-Redaktion bei Claudia Globisch und Michael Oberfichtner nach der Rollenverteilung zwischen Müttern und Vätern in der Pandemie." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Keitel, Christiane; Globisch, Claudia; Oberfichtner, Michael ; Winters, Jutta;Ähnliche Treffer
also released in English -
Literaturhinweis
Vom Büro ins Homeoffice: Erfahrungen von Verwaltungsbeschäftigten während der Corona-Krise (2022)
Kirsten, Julia; Schorr, Sabrina; Zöll, Madita; Miszk, Marco;Zitatform
Kirsten, Julia, Marco Miszk, Sabrina Schorr & Madita Zöll (2022): Vom Büro ins Homeoffice: Erfahrungen von Verwaltungsbeschäftigten während der Corona-Krise. (IAQ-Forschung 2022-06), Duisburg, 70 S. DOI:10.17185/duepublico/76817
Abstract
"Wie im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie deutlich wurde, stellte der coronabedingte Übergang ins Homeoffice (HO) Beschäftigte in Büroberufen vor besondere Herausforderungen, da häufig keine Infrastruktur für das Arbeiten im Homeoffice vorhanden war. Den Befragten fällt die Trennung von Arbeits- und Berufsleben oft schwer, was zu Belastung und/ oder Konflikten führen kann. Sie arbeiten im HO zudem häufiger trotz Krankheit. Positiv werden die Zeitersparnis, die vermehrten Zeitressourcen für die Familie und die Entlastung der Umwelt gesehen. Zudem registrieren die Verwaltungsbeschäftigten einen Imagegewinn des HO bei ihren Führungskräften. Die befragten Verwaltungsbeschäftigten wünschen sich daher mehrheitlich zukünftig hybridere Arbeitsformen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Führung neu denken – Das Corona-Homeoffice als Gelegenheitsstruktur für (Führungs-)Karrieren von Frauen (2022)
Zitatform
Kneip, Veronika, Regine Graml & Martina Voigt (2022): Führung neu denken – Das Corona-Homeoffice als Gelegenheitsstruktur für (Führungs-)Karrieren von Frauen. In: Zeitschrift für Diversitätsforschung und -management, Jg. 7, H. 2, S. 220-233. DOI:10.3224/zdfm.v7i2.11
Abstract
"Das Corona-Homeoffice kann als Gelegenheitsstruktur für Karriere und Führungsbeteiligung von Frauen angesehen werden, die durch neue materielle (Aufbau digitaler Infrastruktur) und soziale (gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz) Rahmenbedingungen gekennzeichnet ist. Es ermöglicht Flexibilisierung, was insbesondere Menschen mit Sorgeverpflichtungen erweiterte Optionen für Rollenvielfalt eröffnet. Führen aus dem Homeoffice erfordert außerdem neue Führungsarchitekturen und -kommunikation. Inwieweit die hierdurch entstehenden Chancen genutzt werden können, wird von einem entsprechenden Wandel in der Unternehmenskultur sowie einer neuen Verteilung der Sorgearbeit im privaten Bereich abhängen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Workin' moms ain' t doing so bad: Evidence on the gender gap in working hours during COVID-19 (2022)
Zitatform
Knize, Veronika, Lina Tobler, Bernhard Christoph, Lukas Fervers & Marita Jacob (2022): Workin' moms ain' t doing so bad. Evidence on the gender gap in working hours during COVID-19. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 161-192., 2021-07-21. DOI:10.20377/jfr-714
Abstract
"Fragestellung: Wir analysieren die Entwicklung der Arbeitszeit von Männern und Frauen mit und ohne Kinder in der Anfangsphase der COVID-19 Krise in Deutschland. Dabei vergleichen wir Arbeitsstunden vor und nach dem Lockdown im Frühjahr 2020. Hintergrund: Der Ausbruch von COVID-19 in Europa führte zu einem erheblichen Rückgang ökonomischer Aktivitäten, der mit einer temporären Schließung von Schulen und Kindertagesstätten einherging. Die in der Folge eingetretenen Arbeitszeitveränderungen in der Anfangsphase der Pandemie und während des Sommers 2020 könnten dabei zu den Ungleichheiten zwischen Männern und Frauen bzw. Vätern und Müttern beitragen. Methode: Wir verwenden einen Paneldatensatz des IAB mit monatlich erhobenen Befragungswellen (das IAB-HOPP) dessen Befragungsdaten mit Registerdaten der Bundesagentur für Arbeit verknüpft wurden. Wir schätzen Regressionsmodelle mit der Arbeitszeitdifferenz (vor der Krise vs. jeweiliger Erhebungszeitpunkten) als abhängiger Variable und mit Geschlecht, Elternschaft, und der Art der Kinderbetreuung als unabhängigen Variablen. Ergebnisse: Während des Lockdowns im Frühjahr beobachten wir eine vergleichbare Reduktion der Arbeitsstunden für Männer und Frauen. Bis zum Sommer 2020 kehrt allerdings nur die Arbeitszeit der Frauen zu ihrem Vorkrisenniveau zurück. Besonders überraschend ist, dass für Mütter die Elternschaft die Rückkehr zur ursprünglichen Arbeitszeit beschleunigt, für Väter hingegen nicht. Entsprechend hat sich der Arbeitszeitumfang der Väter am Ende unseres Beobachtungszeitraums nicht im gleichen Umfang erholt wie derjenige der Mütter. Schlussfolgerung: Unsere Ergebnisse stellen Befürchtungen hinsichtlich einer im Zuge der COVID-19 Krise erfolgten zeitweisen oder möglicherweise sogar dauerhaften Re-Traditionalisierung der Geschlechterrollen in Frage" (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Resources of families adapting the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A mixed-method study of coping strategies and family and child outcomes (2022)
Langmeyer, Alexandra N. ; Pötter, Ulrich; Guglhör-Rudan, Angelika ; Winklhofer, Ursula ; Naab, Thorsten ; Chabursky, Sophia ;Zitatform
Langmeyer, Alexandra N., Angelika Guglhör-Rudan, Ursula Winklhofer, Sophia Chabursky, Thorsten Naab & Ulrich Pötter (2022): Resources of families adapting the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A mixed-method study of coping strategies and family and child outcomes. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 333-366. DOI:10.20377/jfr-708
Abstract
"Objective: The aim of the present work is to analyse families’ coping with the COVID-19 pandemic depending on available resources by examining the family as a cohesive system. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected families in several ways, with many studies reporting a decreased well-being of children and parents. How families cope with the new situation is dependent on family resources and personal resources. Method: A mixed-method approach combines data from an online survey (N = 11,512) and complementary qualitative interviews. The study was conducted in spring 2020 during the initial COVID-19 lockdown in Germany. The study analyses how familial and individual resources affect the family climate and child well-being. Results: The study uncovered that although structural conditions, processes within the family, and individual ressources, especially the mothers working situation, are relevant for the COVID-19 experience. Family processes are the essential factor for positive family well-being. However, these processes meet their limits if the pre-existing conditions in the families are unfavorable. Nonetheless, children are also capable of developing their coping strategies. Conclusion: Future studies should examine families and their available resources as a whole system and include the children’s perspective." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Who suffered most? Parental stress and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (2022)
Zitatform
Li, Jianghong, Mareike Bünning, Till Kaiser & Lena Hipp (2022): Who suffered most? Parental stress and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 281-309. DOI:10.20377/jfr-704
Abstract
"Objective: This study examines gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parental psychological wellbeing (parenting stress and psychological distress) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Background: The dramatic shift of childcare and schooling responsibility from formal institutions to private households during the pandemic has put families under enormous stress and raised concerns about caregivers' health and wellbeing. Despite the overwhelming media attention to families’ wellbeing, to date limited research has examined parenting stress and parental psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Germany. Method: We analyzed four waves of panel data (N= 1,771) from an opt-in online survey, which was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021. Multivariable OLS regressions were used to estimate variations in the pandemic's effects on parenting stress and psychological distress by various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Results: Overall, levels of parenting stress and psychological distress increased during the pandemic. During the first and third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, mothers, parents with children younger than 11 years, parents with two or more children, parents working from home as well as parents with financial insecurity experienced higher parenting stress than other sociodemographic groups. Moreover, women, respondents with lower incomes, single parents, and parents with younger children experienced higher levels of psychological distress than other groups. Conclusion: Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parents' psychological wellbeing increased among the study participants during the pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Stand der Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern in Deutschland (2022)
Zitatform
Lott, Yvonne, Dietmar Hobler, Svenja Pfahl & Eugen Unrau (2022): Stand der Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern in Deutschland. (WSI-Report 72), Düsseldorf, 49 S.
Abstract
"Wie ist der Stand der Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern auf dem Arbeitsmarkt in Deutschland? Und wie hat sich der Stand der Gleichstellung entwickelt? Anhand zentraler Indikatoren auf Basis des WSI GenderDatenPortals (www.wsi.de/ genderdatenportal) liefert der vorliegende Report eine knappe und zusammenfassende Übersicht über den aktuellen Stand der Geschlechtergleichstellung in Deutschland mit einem Fokus auf den Arbeitsmarkt. Die Analysen zeigen, dass sich positive Trends vor allem bei der Erwerbsbeteiligung und den Einkommen von Frauen fortgesetzt haben. Bei der Mitbestimmung und den Arbeitszeiten baut sich Geschlechterungleichheit zwar ab, aber nur sehr langsam und in sehr kleinen Schritten. Bei der Aufteilung der Kinderbetreuung und der vertikalen Segregation des Arbeitsmarktes stagniert die Geschlechterungleichheit jedoch auf hohem Niveau." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The significance of occupations, family responsibilities, and gender for working from home: Lessons from COVID-19 (2022)
Zitatform
Minkus, Lara, Nicolai Groepler & Sonja Drobnic (2022): The significance of occupations, family responsibilities, and gender for working from home: Lessons from COVID-19. In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 17, H. 6. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0266393
Abstract
"Before the pandemic, many employers were hesitant to offer their employees the option of working from home. However, remote working has been widely adopted during the pandemic as one of the key methods of controlling the spread of the virus. The measure encountered a widespread acceptance and it is likely that the demand for work from home as a flexible work arrangement will persist also after the pandemic has ended. Although numerous studies have addressed the role of remote work during this crisis, as of yet we lack thorough research jointly addressing the question on how occupations/job characteristics on the one hand and family/household responsibilities on the other are associated with the propensity of working from home, and how gender cuts across those aspects. Using the COVID-19 survey of the German Family Panel (pairfam), covering the peak of the first wave of the pandemic in 2020, together with information from pairfam panel waves conducted before the pandemic, as well as a special evaluation of the 2019 German Labor Force Survey, we are able to address this gap. Employing linear probability models on a sample of 1,414 men (N = 641) and women (N = 773), our results show that occupational traits, especially the gender composition of an occupation, are an important predictor for working from home. Women employed in female-dominated occupations are less often in a position to work from home. Furthermore, our study confirms that it is particularly the highly educated, as well as those who work in high-prestige occupations, who are able to work from home. Family configurations and care obligations are less influential upon the transition to homeworking, even in times of an unprecedented situation of school and daycare closures and increased parental responsibilities for children's (early) education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Children, care time, career priority - What matters for junior scientists’ productivity and career perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic? (2022)
Zitatform
Muschalla, Beate, Anke Sondhof & Ulrike Wrobel (2022): Children, care time, career priority - What matters for junior scientists’ productivity and career perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic? In: Work. A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation, Jg. 72, H. 2, S. 391-397. DOI:10.3233/WOR-211230
Abstract
"Background: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic brought about restrictions, additional workload, insecurity, or need for inventing new routines for professionals worldwide. The pandemic and its restrictions have been discussed as a career shock. OBJECTIVE: Adding knowledge to this, our study investigated the academic and family (care) situation of young scientists in a German technical university. METHODS: We conducted an online survey including young scientists from a technical university in Germany in April 2021. 346 participants (mean age 33 years, 37% women) gave self-ratings on academic and life situation during the pandemic year, care work, preferences for scientific career and family life. RESULTS: Family and career were independent priorities (r = 0.021, p = 0.676). Two thirds (68%) of the young scientists reported no deterioration in scientific outcome during the pandefmic year. But, care times and number of children impacted negatively on scientific productivity in terms of publications. This was true for both women and men. CONCLUSIONS: Young scientists need individual support for their career perspective, according to their concrete career level and life situation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The division of child care during the coronavirus crisis in Germany: How did short-time work affect fathers' engagement? (2022)
Zitatform
Naujoks, Tabea, Michaela Kreyenfeld & Sandra Dummert (2022): The division of child care during the coronavirus crisis in Germany: How did short-time work affect fathers' engagement? In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 67-98., 2021-08-16. DOI:10.20377/jfr-717
Abstract
"Objective: This paper examines how participation in the short-time work scheme affected the gendered division of child care during the COVID-19 crisis in Germany. Background: Short-time work (Kurzarbeit) has been one of the main policies used to combat the economic and labour market repercussions of the coronavirus pandemic in Germany. We examine whether and, if so, how the growing prevalence of short-time work has affected care patterns. Method: We use data from the IAB-HOPP, a longitudinal study monitored by the German Institute for Employment Research (IAB). The analytical sample includes couples with children aged 12 and younger. We employ multinomial logistic regressions in which the outcome variable is the change in the division of care work from a period before to a period during the coronavirus crisis (June to October 2020). Results: We find that among men, receiving short-time work benefits resulted in more gender-equal care patterns. The positive effect of short-time work on the division of child care is moderated by the level of education. Fathers with low or medium education are more likely to increase their child care share when receiving short-time work benefits compared to fathers with high education. However, we also find that participating in the short-time work programme had no strong or significant effects on the gendered division of care among women. Conclusion: The evidence from this study suggests that men’s working time is a major vehicle to change the gendered division of care in couple households." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Erwerbs- und Familienarbeit im Homeoffice? Innerfamiliale Arbeitsteilung in der Corona-Krise auf dem Prüfstand (2022)
Zitatform
Peukert, Almut, Miriam Beblo, Laura Lüth & Katharina Zimmermann (2022): Erwerbs- und Familienarbeit im Homeoffice? Innerfamiliale Arbeitsteilung in der Corona-Krise auf dem Prüfstand. In: Sozialer Fortschritt, Jg. 71, H. 1, S. 29-51. DOI:10.3790/sfo.71.1.29
Abstract
"Mit der COVID-19-Pandemie scheinen sich soziale Ungleichheiten zu verschärfen, sowohl weltweit als auch zwischen den Geschlechtern. In Bezug auf die innerfamiliale Arbeitsteilung werden unterschiedliche Thesen diskutiert – das Risiko der Retraditionalisierung auf der einen und die Chance der Modernisierung auf der anderen Seite. In diesem Beitrag verbinden und systematisieren wir die verschiedenen Stränge des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses und die heterogene empirische Studienlage zu innerfamilialer Arbeitsteilung und Geschlechter(un)gleichheiten. Vor dem Hintergrund orts- und zeitflexiblen Arbeitens im digitalen Homeoffice und sozialstaatlicher Interventionen schlussfolgern wir v. a. ein Sichtbarwerden vorhandener Ungleichheiten in der innerfamilialen Arbeitsteilung sowie eine Gleichzeitigkeit beider Entwicklungen – nämlich Modernisierungsstreben im Großen, trotz einiger Verharrungskräfte im Kleinen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Childcare, work or worries? What explains the decline in parents' well-being at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany? (2022)
Zitatform
Vicari, Basha, Gundula Zoch & Ann-Christin Bächmann (2022): Childcare, work or worries? What explains the decline in parents' well-being at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany? In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 310-332., 2021-12-10. DOI:10.20377/jfr-707
Abstract
"We examine how care arrangements, general and altered working conditions, and worries influenced subjective well-being at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic for working parents in Germany. Prior research suggests several reasons for declines in subjective well-being, particularly for working mothers. We employ Pearlin's (1989) stress process model to explore the role of parental childcare, altered working conditions and amplified worries of working parents in terms of increased stressors and modified resources to cope with the extraordinary situation. We use data from two starting cohorts from the National Educational Panel Study and its supplementary COVID-19 web survey from spring 2020 to examine possible heterogeneities in contextual factors for individual-level changes in the well-being of working mothers and fathers. We confirm a more pronounced decline in well-being for working mothers than fathers. Part-time work and access to emergency care reduce the gender gap in decreased well-being. Conversely, young children in the household and personal worries are associated with lower well-being for both parents. However, we cannot explain the more significant decrease in mothers’ well-being by increased childcare responsibilities or altered working conditions. A greater decline in well-being indicates a particular burden among working mothers. However, it cannot be linked solely to gendered inequalities in the changes of paid and unpaid work during the first months of the pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Krankheits- und quarantänebedingte Arbeitsausfälle legen in der vierten und fünften Welle der Pandemie deutlich zu (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt") (2022)
Zitatform
Wanger, Susanne & Enzo Weber (2022): Krankheits- und quarantänebedingte Arbeitsausfälle legen in der vierten und fünften Welle der Pandemie deutlich zu (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt"). In: IAB-Forum H. 21.03.2022 Nürnberg, 2022-03-14. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20220321.01
Abstract
"Bereits die ersten Wellen der Covid-19-Pandemie führten nicht nur zu erheblichen nachfragebedingten Arbeitsausfällen aufgrund von Kurzarbeit, sondern auch zu Arbeitsausfällen bei den Beschäftigten durch Schul- und Kitaschließungen, einen erhöhten Krankenstand und Quarantänemaßnahmen. Auch die vierte und fünfte Welle der Pandemie hat mit immer neuen Höchstständen an Inzidenzen beträchtliche Arbeitsausfälle zur Folge. Hauptgrund sind Quarantäneanordnungen und ein erhöhter Krankenstand." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Reduced well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic - The role of working conditions (2022)
Zitatform
Zoch, Gundula, Ann-Christin Bächmann & Basha Vicari (2022): Reduced well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic - The role of working conditions. In: Gender, work & organization, Jg. 29, H. 6, S. 1969-1990., 2021-11-03. DOI:10.1111/gwao.12777
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic has had diverse impacts on the employment conditions and family responsibilities of men and women. Thus, women and men were exposed to very different roles and associated challenges, which may have affected their well-being very differently. Using data from the National Educational Panel Study and its supplementary COVID-19 web survey for Germany (May–June 2020), we investigate gender differences in the relationship between working conditions and within-changes in subjective well-being. We systematically consider the household context by distinguishing between adults with and without younger children in the household. The results from multivariate change-score regressions reveal a decline in all respondents' life satisfaction, particularly among women with and without younger children. However, the greater reduction in women's well-being cannot be linked to systematic differences in working conditions throughout the pandemic. Kitagawa–Oaxaca–Blinder counterfactual decompositions confirm this conclusion. Further analyses suggest that women's caregiving role, societal concerns, and greater loneliness partly explain the remaining gender differences in altered satisfaction. From a general perspective, our results suggest important gender differences in social life and psychological distress at the beginning of the pandemic, which are likely to become more pronounced as the crisis has unfolded." (Author's abstract, © John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
From Mancession to Shecession: Women's Employment in Regular and Pandemic Recessions (2021)
Zitatform
Alon, Titan, Sena Coskun, Matthias Doepke, David Koll & Michèle Tertilt (2021): From Mancession to Shecession: Women's Employment in Regular and Pandemic Recessions. (IZA discussion paper 14223), Bonn, 104 S.
Abstract
"We examine the impact of the global recession triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic on women's versus men's employment. Whereas recent recessions in advanced economies usually had a disproportionate impact on men's employment, giving rise to the moniker "mancessions," we show that the pandemic recession of 2020 was a "shecession" in most countries with larger employment declines among women. We examine the causes behind this pattern using micro data from several national labor force surveys, and show that both the composition of women's employment across industries and occupations as well as increased childcare needs during closures of schools and daycare centers made important contributions. While many countries exhibit similar patterns, we also emphasize how policy choices such as furloughing policies and the extent of school closures shape the pandemic's impact on the labor market. Another notable finding is the central role of telecommuting: gender gaps in the employment impact of the pandemic arise almost entirely among workers who are unable to work from home. Nevertheless, among telecommuters a different kind of gender gap arises: women working from home during the pandemic spent more work time also doing childcare and experienced greater productivity reductions than men. We discuss what our findings imply for gender equality in a post-pandemic labor market that will likely continue to be characterized by pervasive telecommuting." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Gendered Politics of Pandemic Relief: Labor and Family Policies in Denmark, Germany, and the United States During COVID-19 (2021)
Zitatform
Bariola, Nino & Caitlyn Collins (2021): The Gendered Politics of Pandemic Relief: Labor and Family Policies in Denmark, Germany, and the United States During COVID-19. In: American Behavioral Scientist, Jg. 65, H. 12, S. 1671-1697. DOI:10.1177/00027642211003140
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic has magnified families’ struggles to reconcile caregiving and employment, especially for working mothers. How have different countries reacted to these troubling circumstances? What policies have been implemented to alleviate the pernicious effects of the pandemic on gender and labor inequalities? We examine the policies offered in Denmark, Germany, and the United States, three countries that represent distinct welfare regimes. We find important differences among the policy solutions provided, but also in the “cultural infrastructures” that allow policies to work as intended, or not. In Denmark, a social-democratic welfare state, robust federal salary guarantee programs supplemented an already strong social safety net. The country was among the first to lock down and reorganize health care—and also among the first to reopen schools and child care facilities, acknowledging that parents’ employment depends on child care provisioning, especially for mothers. Germany, a corporatist regime, substantially expanded existing programs and provided generous subsidies. However, despite an ongoing official commitment to reduce gender inequality, the cultural legacy of a father breadwinner/mother caregiver family model meant that reopening child care facilities was not a first priority, which pushed many mothers out of paid work. In the U.S. liberal regime, private organizations—particularly in privileged economic sectors—are the ones primarily offering supports to working parents. Patchwork efforts at lockdown and reopening have meant a lengthy period of limbo for working families, with disastrous consequences for women, especially the most vulnerable. Among such varied “solutions” to the consequences of the pandemic, those of liberal regimes seem to be worsening inequalities. The unprecedented nature of the current pandemic recession suggests a need for scholars to gender the study of economic crises." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Datenlage zur Pandemie: Stellungnahme des IAB für das Fachgespräch des Parlamentarischen Begleitgremiums Covid-19-Pandemie des Landtags Nordrhein-Westfalen am 16. November 2021 (2021)
Bauer, Frank; Sieglen, Georg;Zitatform
Bauer, Frank & Georg Sieglen (2021): Datenlage zur Pandemie. Stellungnahme des IAB für das Fachgespräch des Parlamentarischen Begleitgremiums Covid-19-Pandemie des Landtags Nordrhein-Westfalen am 16. November 2021. (IAB-Stellungnahme 10/2021), Nürnberg, 21 S.
Abstract
"Das Begleitgremium Covid-19-Pandemie, ein Unterausschuss des Ausschusses für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales des Landestags Nordrhein-Westfalens, hat den Auftrag, aktuelle sowie künftige gesundheitliche, soziale und wirtschaftliche Folgen der Bewältigung und der Eindämmung der Covid-19-Pandemie zu behandeln. Im Rahmen eines Fachgesprächs am 16. November 2021 wurde das IAB unter dem Titel „Datenlage – Bereich Arbeit – Wirtschaft“ um eine Stellungnahme gebeten. Für Fragen aus dem umfangreichen Fragenkatalog, zu denen relevante Erkenntnisse insbesondere auf der Grundlage von Umfragen und Analysen aus dem IAB vorliegen, geben die folgenden Antworten einen zusammenfassenden Überblick über relevante Studienergebnisse." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Die Mehrzahl der Betriebe hat schon vor der Corona-Krise Maßnahmen zur besseren Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf angeboten (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt") (2021)
Bellmann, Lutz ; Kleifgen, Eva ; Umkehrer, Matthias; Stegmaier, Jens ; Gleiser, Patrick ; Roth, Duncan ; Kagerl, Christian ; Moritz, Michael ; Hensgen, Sophie ; Möller, Iris ; Kohaut, Susanne; Leber, Ute;Zitatform
Bellmann, Lutz, Patrick Gleiser, Sophie Hensgen, Christian Kagerl, Eva Kleifgen, Susanne Kohaut, Ute Leber, Iris Möller, Michael Moritz, Duncan Roth, Jens Stegmaier & Matthias Umkehrer (2021): Die Mehrzahl der Betriebe hat schon vor der Corona-Krise Maßnahmen zur besseren Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf angeboten (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt"). In: IAB-Forum H. 26.11.2021 Nürnberg, 2021-11-25.
Abstract
"Erwerbstätige mit Kindern oder pflegebedürftigen Angehörigen sind einer Doppelbelastung ausgesetzt. Die Covid-19-Pandemie hat diese Belastungen zum Teil erheblich verstärkt. Gleichzeitig unterstützen insbesondere größere Betriebe ihre Beschäftigten dabei, Beruf und Familie miteinander zu vereinbaren, am häufigsten in Form einer flexiblen Gestaltung der Arbeitszeit." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Bellmann, Lutz ; Kleifgen, Eva ; Umkehrer, Matthias; Stegmaier, Jens ; Roth, Duncan ; Kagerl, Christian ; Moritz, Michael ; Hensgen, Sophie ; Möller, Iris ; Kohaut, Susanne; Leber, Ute; -
Literaturhinweis
Working conditions and sustainable work: An analysis using the job quality framework (2021)
Biletta, Isabella; Cabrita, Jorge; Parent-Thirion, Agnès; Gerstenberger, Barbara; Eiffe, Franz; Vargas, Oscar; Weber, Tina;Zitatform
Biletta, Isabella, Jorge Cabrita, Franz Eiffe, Barbara Gerstenberger, Agnès Parent-Thirion, Oscar Vargas & Tina Weber (2021): Working conditions and sustainable work. An analysis using the job quality framework. (Eurofound flagship report), Dublin, 72 S. DOI:10.2806/938302
Abstract
"This flagship report summarises the key findings of Eurofound’s research on working conditions conducted over the programming period 2017–2020. It maps the progress achieved since 2000 in improving working conditions and examines whether all workers have benefited equally from positive change. It highlights which groups are the most at risk of experiencing poor working conditions and being left behind. Given the changes in the world of work, emerging challenges for good job quality are identified. The report also provides evidence for measures that could lead to the further improvement of work and the achievement of fair working conditions for all in the EU. The analysis shows that, overall, job quality in the EU is improving, if slowly. Not all workers are benefiting to the same extent, however. Furthermore, gender, age and contractual status have a significant bearing on a person’s working conditions. And while digitalisation helps to address some job quality issues, it also creates new challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated trends, reinforcing concerns and highlighting the importance of achieving job quality for all." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Upward convergence in gender equality: How close is the Union of equality?: Promoting social cohesion and convergence (2021)
Bisello, Martina ; Caisl, Jakub; Peruffo, Eleonora; Barbieri, Davide; Maftei, Anamaria; Mascherini, Massimiliano ; Reingarde, Jolanta;Zitatform
Bisello, Martina, Jakub Caisl, Anamaria Maftei, Eleonora Peruffo, Davide Barbieri, Jolanta Reingarde & Massimiliano Mascherini (2021): Upward convergence in gender equality: How close is the Union of equality? Promoting social cohesion and convergence. (Joint policy brief by EIGE and Eurofound), Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 20 S. DOI:10.2839/64463
Abstract
"Over the last decade, the EU has made slow progress towards gender equality. As achievements in gender equality vary considerably by Member State, it is important to understand the evolution of disparities between the Member States and the implications this has for upward economic and social convergence in the EU. Crucially, the impact of the COVID-19 crisis not only threatens to undo past achievements but may well result in increasing disparities between Member States. This policy brief, which was jointly prepared by Eurofound and EIGE, investigates patterns of convergence in gender equality as measured by the Gender Equality Index in the Member States over the 2010–2018 period." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Neither Backlash nor Convergence: Dynamics of Intracouple Childcare Division after the First Covid-19 Lockdown and Subsequent Reopening in Germany (2021)
Zitatform
Boll, Christina, Dana Müller & Simone Schüller (2021): Neither Backlash nor Convergence: Dynamics of Intracouple Childcare Division after the First Covid-19 Lockdown and Subsequent Reopening in Germany. (IAB-Discussion Paper 12/2021), Nürnberg, 29 S.
Abstract
"Unter Verwendung einzigartiger monatlicher Paneldaten (IAB-HOPP), die den unmittelbaren Zeitraum nach dem ersten COVID-19 Lockdown in Deutschland von Juni bis August 2020 abdecken, untersuchen wir die gegensätzlichen Thesen zu Retraditionalisierung bzw. Modernisierung von Geschlechterrollen bei der elterlichen Kinderbetreuung während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Wir gehen über eine Momentaufnahme während des Lockdowns hinaus, indem wir die Aufteilung vor der Pandemie als Referenzpunkt nehmen und die mittelfristige Dynamik der Aufteilung von Kinderbetreuung im Elternpaar analysieren. Unsere Ergebnisse deuten auf eine leichte Verschiebung zu einer gleichberechtigteren Aufteilung im Juni hin, die jedoch in den folgenden Monaten wieder abnahm. Ausgehend von einer vergleichsweise "traditionellen" Aufteilung der Kinderbetreuung vor der Pandemie war der Lockdown-Stimulus nicht annähernd stark genug, um ein Gleichgewicht zwischen den Geschlechtern herzustellen. Eine Untergruppenanalyse, die zwischen den individuellen Lockdown-spezifischen Arbeitsarrangements der Eltern differenziert, zeigt, dass die Treiber der beobachteten Verschiebung Mütter mit relativ intensiver Erwerbsbeteiligung waren, für die keine Möglichkeit bestand von zu Hause aus zu arbeiten. Das Arbeitsarrangement der Väter spielte dagegen keine signifikante Rolle. Wir kommen zu dem Schluss, dass die Verschiebung eher aus der Notwendigkeit als aus der Gelegenheit heraus entstanden ist, was es wahrscheinlich macht, dass sie wieder verschwindet, sobald die Notwendigkeit nachlässt und die Eltern zu ihren ursprünglichen Kinderbetreuungsarrangements zurückkehren." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Ähnliche Treffer
- This preprint has not undergone peer review or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this article is published Open Access in Journal for Labour Market Research.
- auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper, 14375
- frühere (möglicherweise abweichende) Version erschienen in: Covid economics, (2021), 81, 19-49
-
Literaturhinweis
Neither backlash nor convergence: Dynamics of intra-couple childcare division after the first COVID-19 lockdown and subsequent reopening in Germany (2021)
Zitatform
Boll, Christina, Dana Müller & Simone Schüller (2021): Neither backlash nor convergence: Dynamics of intra-couple childcare division after the first COVID-19 lockdown and subsequent reopening in Germany. In: Covid economics H. 81, S. 19-49.
Abstract
"Using unique monthly panel data (IAB-HOPP) covering the immediate post-lockdown period from June to August 2020, we investigate opposing claims of widening/closing the gender gap in parental childcare during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. We consider pre-pandemic division as a reference point and provide dynamics rather than snapshots. Our results suggest a slight shift toward a more egalitarian division in June that, however, faded out in subsequent months. Starting from a fairly “traditional” pre-pandemic childcare division, the lockdown stimulus was not nearly strong enough to level the playing field. Subgroup analysis differentiating between individual lockdown-specific work arrangements shows that the drivers of the observed shift were mothers with relatively intense labor market participation who cannot work from home. Fathers’ work arrangement instead did not play a significant role. We conclude that the shift emerged out of necessity rather than opportunity, which makes it likely to fade once the necessity vanishes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
- frühere (möglicherweise abweichende) Version erschienen als: IZA discussion paper, 14375
- spätere (möglicherweise abweichende) Version erschienen u.d.T. "Neither backlash nor convergence: dynamics of intra-couple childcare division during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany" in: Journal for labour market research, 57 (2023), Art. 27
- spätere (möglicherweise abweichende) Version erschienen als: IAB-Discussion Paper, 12/2021
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Auswirkungen auf Wirtschaft, Arbeitsmarkt und Soziales in Deutschland
- Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und Maßnahmen
- Exit-Strategien zur Beendigung des Lockdowns
- Kurzarbeit - Regelungen und Inanspruchnahme während der Pandemie
- Homeoffice/mobiles Arbeiten
- Auswirkungen auf Betriebe
- Beschäftigung, Arbeitslosigkeit und Grundsicherung nach SGB II
- Einkommenseffekte
- Einzelne Berufe und Branchen
- Berufsausbildung/Lehrstellenmarkt
- Zukunftsszenarien: Wird die Wirtschaft nach Corona nachhaltiger?
- Soziale und gesundheitliche Aspekte
- Corona und Care
- Weiterbildung
- Konjunkturpaket zur Förderung der Wirtschaft
- Personengruppen
- Regionale Aspekte
- Internationale Arbeitsmärkte / Auswirkungen der Globalisierung
- Bundesländer